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TheAttributiveClause 赣一中高一英语备课组卢毓香 定语从句 简述一 在定语从句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 引导限定性定语从句的关系代词有 that which who whom whose和as 在从句中分别作主语 宾语 定语或表语 eg 1 Aplaneisamachinethat whichcanfly 2 Theboywho thatbrokethewindowiscalledJackie 3 Heistheboywhom thatIamlookingfor 4 Harryistheboywhosemotherisourmathsteacher 5 Heisn tthemanthatheusedtobe 6 ThisisthesamebookasIlostyesterday 7 Herearesuchbooksasweboughtyesterday 主语 主语 宾语 定语 表语 宾语 宾语 在下面短文中填入正确的关系代词 IarrivedatGatewayAirport Theperson checkedmypassportwasastammerer spokeEnglishwithgreatdifficulty Ilistenedtohim checkingeveryword wascomingtomyears Asaforeignvisitor cametotheUKforthefirsttime itwasthemostchallengingexperience Ihadeverhad Myhost Istayedwiththoughtitthemostamusingstory hehadeverheardof Thestorywastoldtomanyofmyfriends laterputitontothestageshowasalesson foreignstudentshadtolearn who who that who that whom that who that which 简述二 引导限定性定语从句的关系副词有 when where和why 在从句中作状语 eg 1 Thefactorywhere inwhichIworkedtwentyyearsagoisgoingtoclosedown 2 Istillrememberthedayswhen inwhichwestayedtogether 3 Tellmethereasonwhy forwhichhewaskilled 4 Idon tlikethewayinwhich thathespeakstohismother Exercises 在下列短文中分别填入where when why Iworkedinamachineryfactory Iworkedforthreeyears Theyear Iwas19yearsoldwasveryimportanttome Iwasadmittedtoacollege IlearnedEnglish Thereason IchosetolearnEnglishisquitesimple Ilikeit where when where why 简述三 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语 如果去掉主句的意思就不完整或失去意义 这种从句和主句的关系非常密切 写时不可以用逗号隔开 非限定性定语从句 从句和主句的关系不是十分密切 只是对先行词作些附加说明 如果去掉 主句的意思仍然清楚 这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开 引导词常用who whom whose which when where等 而不用that 试比较 1 Herbrotherwhoisnowateacheralwaysencourageshertogotocollege 2 Herbrother whoisnowateacher alwaysencourageshertogotocollege 她那当老师的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学 她哥哥是当老师的 总是鼓励她上大学 试比较 1 Allthebooksthathavepicturesinthemarewellwritten 2 Allthebooks whichhavepicturesinthem arewellwritten 所有里面带有插图的书都写得很好 所有的书里面带有插图 这些书写得很好 考点一 that和which 1 以下情况 关系代词只能用that而不用which a 当先行词为all everything nothing anything little much等不定代词时 something除外 eg Finally thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolen b 当先行词被all no every little much some等不定代词所修饰时eg Iwatchedalltheglassesthatwereonthetablefelloffontothefloor 考点一 that和which c 当先行词前有形容词最高级 序数词修饰时用thateg Thisisthebestbook that Ihaveeverread Thisisthelastlessonthatwehavethisterm d 当先行词被theonly thevery thelast thesame修饰时用thateg ThisisthesamebookthatIlostlastnight HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttoseenow e 当先行词既指人又指物时用thateg wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwesawthen 考点一 that和which f 主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时eg Whichisthecoatthatyoulikebest g 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时 无论先行词是人还是物都用thateg Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatshewas Heisn tthemanthatheusedtobe 考点一 that和which 2 以下情况先行词只能用which而不能用thata 非限定性定语从句中 指代物时只用whicheg Wetookafewbottlesofwater someapplesandoranges whichweputintomybag b 介词 whicheg Theknifewithwhichwecutthebreadisverysharp 考点二 that与who 1 指人只用who 而不用that先行词是代词时 eg she he those等eg Hewhodoesn treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman Thosewhowanttoseethefilm pleaseputdownyournamehere 2 指人只用that不用whoa 先行词是whoeg Whothathasseenthefilmdoesn tlikeit b 以who开头的特殊疑问句eg Whoisthegirlthattalkedtoyoujustnow 考点三 介词 关系代词 of which whom 可用来限定名词 代词 分数词 数词等 e g 1 Inthedarkstreet therewasn tasingleperson shecouldturnforhelp A thatB whoC fromwhomD towhom2 Hepaidtheboy 10forwashingthewindows mostof hadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear A theseB thoseC thatD which D D 关系代词前介词的确定 1 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系 请体会 e g Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles 2 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配 如 e g CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI msure 3 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯 请体会 e g 1949wastheyearinwhichtheP R C wasfounded 关系代词前介词的确定 4 非限制性定与从句中 要表示先行词的一部分时 可用 数词 代词 of 关系代词 的结构 如 e g Thereare50studentsinourclass two thirdsofwhomhavebeentoBeijing 关系代词前的介词的确定 5 Whose从句可转换为 of 关系代词 型 如 e g Theyliveinahouse whosedooropenstothesouth Theylivedinahouse ofwhichthedooropenstothesouth Theylivedinahouse thedoorofwhichopentothesouth Canyouworkthemout Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions 1 Thesungivesusheatandlight whichwecan tlive 2 Thestudent whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass 3 I llneverforgettheday whichshesaidgood byetome 4 Whocangivemethereason whichhehasn tturnedupyet for about on without 考点四 关系副词的运用 在限定性和非限定性从句中 when的先行词是时间名词 where的先行词是地点名词 分别在定语从句中做状语 e g 1 AfterlivinginParisfor50yearshereturnedtothesmalltown hegrewupasachild A whichB whereC thatD when2 Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesepeoplethisyear forthefirsttimetheirteamwontheWorldCup A thatB whileC whichD when BD 考点五 as与which引导的定语从句 两者均可引导非限制性定语从句 有时可以互换 但下列情况多用as 1 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时 e g Asweallknow theearthisround 2 当与such或thesame连用时 一般用as e g Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting Ihavethesameplanasyou GoonPlease 3 当从句和主句语义一致时 用as 反之则用which e g Shehasmarriedagain aswasexpected Shehasmarriedagain whichwasunexpected Goonplease 4 as在从句中作主语时 后面常接行为动词的被动语态 如beknown besaid bereported等 如从句中行为动词是主动语态 一般要用which作主语 e g Shehasbeenlateagain aswasexpected Tomhasmadegreatprogress whichmadeushappy 考点六 定语从句中的主谓一致问题 当先行词在句中作主语时 谓语动词的数取决于先行词的数eg 1 Mr SmithisoneoftheforeignexpertswhoareworkinginChina 2 Mr SmithistheoneoftheforeignexpertswhoisworkinginChina 定语从句专练 1 Iwillneverforgettheday IjoinedtheLeague A whichB whenC inwhichD onthat 2 September18 1931istheday we llneverforget A thatB whenC onwhichD onthat 3 Iremembertheday Ifirstcametothecollege A onwhichB inwhichC whichD that 4 Isthisfactory wevisitedlastyear A whereB inwhichC theoneD atwhich 5 Thisisthefactory wevisitedlastyear A whereB whichC theoneD atwhich B A A C B GOONPLEASE 6 Isthisthefactory yourfatherworks A whereB whichC ofwhichD inthat 7 Thisisthebestfactory Ihavevisitedallmylife A whereB whichC whenD that 8 Isthisthefactory colorTVsetsareproduced A thatB whichC inwhichD whose 9 Thatwasthereason Macrefusedtospeakatthemeeting A whyB thatC whichD ofwhich 10 Doyouknowthereason hewaslateforschool A ofitB foritC whichD forwhich A D C A D GOONPLEASE 11 Thatwasthereason Macrefusedtospeakforatthemeeting A whyB thatC forthatD forwhich 12 Thatwasthereason Mactoldmetheotherday A whyB forthatC whichD forwhich 13 Haveyoufoundthewoman pursewaslost A herB ofwhichC thatD whose 14 Motherboughtmeadictionaryonmybirthday mademeveryhappy A whichB thatC whoD whom 15 Thebook thecover isbroken isnotmine A ofitB forC whoseD ofwhich B C D A D GOONPLEASE 16 Idon tliketheway youlaughather A thatB onwhichC whichD as 17 isknowntoeverybody themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth A whichB asC thatD what 18 Youmustwatchcarefullyeverything theteacherdoesinclass A whereB thatC whoD what 19 Hetoldmeall heknew A whichB whatC thatD whom 20 Nothing hedoesisbadlydone A whichB thatC whatD but A B B C B GOONPLEASE 21 Littlehasbeendone ishelpfultoourwork A whatB whichC thatD allthat 22 Thisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgames Ihaveev
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