高级口译2009年3月真题(附加答案).doc

Exercise 5 (093) Listening Part: 【Spot Dictation】 When Americans think about hunger, we usually think in terms of mass starvation in far-away countries. But hunger too often lurks_(1).In 2006, 35.1 million people, including_(2) children, in the United States did not have access to enough food for an active healthy life. Some of these individuals relied on emergency food sources and_(3). Although most people think of hungry people and homeless people as the same, the problem of hunger reaches. _(4). While the number of people being hungry or _(5) may be surprising, it is the faces of those hungry individuals that would probably _(6). The face of hunger is_ (7) who has worked hard for their entire lives only to find their savings_ (8); or a single mother who has to choose whether the salary from_ (9) will go to buy food or pay rent; or a child who struggles to _(10) because his family couldnt afford dinner the night before. A December 2006 survey estimated that_(11) those requesting emergency food assistance were either children or their parents. Children_ (l2) to live in households where someone experiences hunger and food insecurity than adults._(13) compared to one in five children live in households where someone suffers from hunger_ (14). Child poverty is more widespread in the United States than in_(l5); at the same time, the U. S. government spends less than any industrialized country to_ (l6). We have long known that the _(l7) of small children need adequate food _(l8). But science is just beginning to understand the full extent of this relationship. As late as the l980s, conventional wisdom held that only the_(l9) actually alter brain development. The latest empirical evidence, however, shows that even relatively mild under-nutrition_(20) in children which can last a lifetime.【Listening Comprehension】Listening Comprehension 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.l. (A) Her purse was stolen on the metro. (B) Her home was broken into when she was vacationing. (C) She was robbed on her way home. (D) She was attacked by two kids on the street. 2. (A) Last week. (B) On a summer day (C) Towards evening. (D) Late at night. 3. (A) Four dollars. (B)Thirty dollars. (C) Forty dollars. (D) Three hundred dollars.4. (A) She hailed a taxi. (B) She just went home. (C) She reported the crime. (D) She phoned her best friend. 5. (A) They need prosecuting. (B) They have to be punished. (C) They should get supervision. (D) They must be held responsible. Listening Comprehension 2Question 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6. (A) A NATO naval force has successfully reduced pirate attacks in that region. (B) A UN resolution has been passed to stem the upsurge in pirate attacks on shipping (C) Several African countries have joined hand to patrol the coast. (D) An EU team of warships and aircraft will start its anti-piracy operations. 7. (A) To resume a talk on improving its relations with India. (B) To cooperate fully with India in looking into the terrorist attacks. (C) To act swiftly to arrest the 10 militants who rampaged through Mumbai. (D) To quicken the 5-year-old peace process between the two nuclear rivals. 8. (A) To seek the temporary suspension of Parliament. (B) To sign a deal with the opposition parties. (C) To form a coalition government with the Liberals. (D) To tackle the fallout from the financial crisis. 9. (A) President Arroyo has escaped an attempt by troops to seize power. (B) Philippine lawmakers have voted to unseat the current president. (C) An impeachment complaint against President Arroyo was thrown out. (D) A majority of lawmakers are going to abstain in voting over the impeachment. 10. (A) $8 billion. (B) $22 billion. (C) $36.9 billion. (D) $39 bi1lion. Listening Comprehension 3 Questions 11-15 are based on the following interview. 11. (A) Professions and ways we actually wear (B) Trends and fashions in clothing. (C) Fashion designing. (D) Psychology clothing. 12. (A ) An awareness of impressing others. (B) An urge to look smart and trendy. (C) A conscious act of indicating individual taste. (D) A general feeling of insecurity. 13. (A) Peop1e who are absorbed by other things. (B) People who are sociable and outgoing. (C) People with an aggressive personality (D) People with a preference for light colors. l4. (A) The colors of ones clothing. (B) The length of trousers one wears. (C) Sticking to grey or dark suits. (D) Wearing outrageous clothing, 15. (A) Young hairdrssers. (B) Pop music fans. (C) Minority groups. (D) Ageing pop stars. Listening Comprehension 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.l6. (A) Participating in Internet chats. (B) Writing and receiving email messages. (C) Purchasing things online. (D) Doing research by clicking a mouse. l7. (A) Because the Internet binds fewer people together than we actually need. (B) Because the hyperlinks often send us to commercial Web sites. (C) Because the Web cant always show clearly how to get where we want. (D) Because the Web is often a database organized for commercial purposes. 18. (A) The inconvenience of placing orders. (B) The dropping out rate of online shoppers. (C) Time wasted in filling out information. (D) Issues related to privacy. l9. (A)They are becoming socially isolated. (B) 60 percent of them spend less time with family and friends. (C) How long they stay on the Web is the most frequent cause for divorce. (D) They no longer have close friends as they used to do. 20. (A) Computers offer a perfect system for work and communications. (B) The effects of the Internet on our lives are still debatable. (C) The Internet has revolutionized the way we do things. (D) We can get information, products and friends quickly with the Internet. 【Note taking & Gap filling】How is urbanization negatively affecting our society? Growing_ (l) is associated with urbanism. Urbanism_ (2) urban violence, political instability crime and_(3) behavior. It also perpetuates poverty and_ (4) the traditional family structure. Other problems include failing_ (5), safety transportation, housing, education and electricity._ (6) are much higher in urban areas. With divorce rates rising,_(7) is becoming more of a problem than before. People are_ (8) by race, religious practices,_(9)heritage, as we1l as economic and social stams. This often creates much_（l0) and prejudice between social groups. This can cause physical or mental damage to individuals or_ (1l). The government assumes major_ (l2) for development attempting to meet rapidly increasing demands for _(13), housing, transportation and employment. But they are not able to_ (l4) all the problems in urban areas. America has hired approximately_ (l5) more teachers in the last few years than have been hired in the past, but the increase in population keeps the_ (l6) just as 1arge. Due to the_ (17) in urban areas and the lack of_ (18) opportunity the crime rate is still a huge problem. The problems in urban areas are far more_ (19) than can be handled in any_ (20) efforts. Sentence Translation(1)_ (2)_ (3)_ (4)_ (5)_ Passage translation (l) (2) Reading Part: Questions 15They treat us like mules, the guy installing my washer te1ls me, his eyes narrowing as he wipes his hands. I had just complimented him and his partner on the speed and assurance of their work. He explains that its rare that customers speak to him this way. I know what hes talking about. My mother was a waitress all her life, in coffee shops and fast-paced chain restaurants. It was hard work, but she liked it, liked being among the public, as she would say. But that work had its sting, too the customer who would treat her like a servant or, her biggest complaint, like she was not that bright. Theres a lesson here for this political season: the subtle and not-so-subtle insults that blue-collar and service workers endure as part of their working lives. And those insults often have to do with intelligence. We like to think of the United States as a classless society. The belief in economic mobility is central to the American Dream, and we pride ourselves on our spirit of egalitarianism. But we also have a troubling streak of aristocratic bias in our national temperament, and one way it manifests itself is in the assumptions we mark about people who work with their hands. Working people sense this bias and react to it when they vote. The common political wisdom is that hot-button social issues have driven blue-collar voters rightward. But there are other cultural dynamics at play as well. And Democrats can be as oblivious to these dynamics as Repub1icansthough the Grand Old Party did appea1 to them in St. Paul. Lets go back to those two men installing my washer and dryer. They do a lot of heavy lifting quicklymine was the first of l5 deliveriesand efficiently to avoid injury. Between them there is ongoing communication, verbal and nonverbal, to coordinate the lift, negotiate the tight fit, move in rhythm with each other. And al1 the while, they are weighing options, making decisions and so1ving problemsas when my new dryer didnt match up with the gas outlet. Think about what a good waitress has to do in the busy restaurant: remember orders and monitor them, attend to a dynamic, quickly changing environment, prioritize tasks and manage the flow of work, make decisions on the fly. Theres the carpenter using a number of mathematica1 conceptssymmetry proportion, congruence, the properties of anglesand visualizing these concepts while building a cabinet, a flight of stairs, or a pitched roof The hairstylists practice is a mix of technique, knowledge about the biology of hair, aesthetic judgment, and communication skill. The mechanic, electrician, and plumber are troubleshooters and problem solvers. Even the routinized factory floor cal1s for working smarts. When has any of this made its way into our political speeches? From either party. Even on Labor Day. Last week. the GOP masterfully invoked some old cultural suspicions: country folk versus city and east-coast versus heartland education. But these are symbolic populist gestures, not the stuff of true engagement. Judgments about intelligence carry great weigh in our society, and we have a tendency to make sweeping assessments of peoples intelligence based on the kind of work they do. Political tributes to labor over the next two months will render the muscled arm, sleeve rolled tight against biceps. But few will also celebrate the thought bright behind the eye, or offer an image that links hand and brain. It would be fitting in a country with an egalitarian vision of itself to have a truer, richer sense of all that is involved in the wide range of work that surrounds and sustains us. Those politicians who can communicate that sense will tap a deep reserve of neglected feeling. And those who can honor and use work in explaining and personalizing their policies will find a welcome reception. l. To illustrate the intelligence of the working class, the author cites the examples of all of the following EXCEPT_. (A) hairstylist and waitress, (B) carpenter and mechanic (C) electrician and plumber (D) street-cleaner and shop-assistant 2. In the sentence we pride ourselves on our spirit of egalitarianism(para.3), the word egalitarianism can be replaced by_. (A) individualism (B) enlightenment (C) equality (D) liberalism 3. We can conclude from the passage that _. (A) in America, judgments about peoples intelligence are often based on the kind of work they do (B) the subtle and not-so-subtle insults towards blue-collars are a daily phenomenon in America (C) the United States is a classless society (D) the old cultural suspicions of country folk versus city and east-coast versus heartland education show the Republicans true engagement 4. One of the major groups of targeted readers of the author should be_. (A) blue-collar American workers (B) middle-class American businessmen (C) American politicians (D) American company leaders 5. Which of the following summarizes the main idea of the passage? (A) The Democratic Party and the Republican Party should stop symbolic populist gestures. (B) Political tributes should mind the subtle bias against the intelligence of the working class. (C) The ruling party should acknowledge the working smarts of blue-collars. (D) The whole American society should change the attitude towards the blue-collar workers. Questions 610From cyborg housemaids and water-powered cars to dog translators, and rocket boots, Japanese boffins have racked up plenty of near-misses in the quest to turn science fiction into reality. Now the finest scientific minds of Japan are devoting themse1ves to cracking the greatest sci-fi vision of all: the space elevator. Man has so far conquered space by painfully and inefficiently blasting himself out of the atmosphere but the 2lst century should bring a more leisurely ride to the final frontier.For chemists, physicists, material scientists, astronauts and dreamers across the globe, the space elevator represents the most tantalizing of concepts: cables stronger and lighter than any fiber yet woven, tethered to the ground and disappearing beyond the atmosphere to a satellite docking station in geosynchronous orbit above Earth. UP and down the 22,000 mile-long (36,000km) cablesor flat ribbonswil1 run the elevator carriages themselves requiring huge breakthroughs in engineering to which the biggest Japanese companies and universities have turned their collective attention. In the carriages, the scientists behind the idea told The Times, could be any number of cargoes. A space elevator could carry people, huge solar-powered generators or even casks of radioactive waste. The point is that breaking free of Earths gravity will no longer require so much energyperhaps 100 times less than launching the space shuttle. Just like traveling abroad, anyone will be able to ride the elevator into space, Shuichi Ono, chairman of the Japan Space Elevator Association, sad. The vision has inspired scientists around the world and government organizations, including Nasa. Several competing space elevator projects are gathering pace as various groups vie to build practical carriages, tethers and the hundreds of other parts required to carry out the plan. There are prizes offered by space elevator-related scientific organizations for breakthroughs and competitions for the bes and fastest design of carriage. First envisioned by the celebrated master of science fiction, Arthur C. Clarke, in his l979 work The Fountains of Paradise, the concept has all the best qualities of great science fiction: it is bold, it is a leap of imagination and it would change life as we know it. Unlike the warp drives in Star Trek, or H. G Wellss The Time Machine, the idea of the space elevator does not mess with the laws of science; it just presents a series of very, very complex engineering problems.Japan is increasingly confident that its sprawling academic and industrial base can so1ve those issues, and has even put the astonishingly low price tag of a trillion yen (5 billion) on building the elevator Japan is renowned as a global leader in the precision engineering and high-quality material production without which the idea could never be possible. The biggest obstacle lies in the cables. To extend the elevator to a stationary satellite from the Earths surface world require twice that length of cable to reach a counterweight, ensuring that the cable maintains its tension. The cable must be exceptionally light, staggeringly strong and able to withstand all projectiles thrown at it inside and outside the atmosphere. The answer, according to the groups working on designs, will lie in carbon nanotub