视听说6-10.doc

Unit 6Outside ViewHost: Three American cyclists who only have three real legs between them are cycling through Oxford on a trek from Scotland to Greece. The trio sponsored by Otto Bock USA all have prosthetic limbs and are hoping the challenge will raise awareness of the diversity of designs available. Six TV caught up with Mick Wright, Sedan Sherret and Brad Kennedy earlier on today.Cyclist: Yeah its a little tough, I dont like cycling. But you know, if we can, you know help somebody, motivate somebody to get back to an active lifestyle and put their mind to something good, its all worth it.Reporter: And so whats really the point of this trip?Cyclist: To raise awareness of the abilities of those with disabilities. If youve lost a limb doesnt mean you sit on a couch. You can still be active; you can lead a healthy lifestyle. And you can do challenges that you may have always wanted to do when you were fully healthy and with two legs.Reporter: And the trip is 2500 miles from Glasgow to Athens. How are you guys coping?Cycling: Oh, I think were doing really well. Were still in the, this is the first week of riding. Were conditioning, were getting used to the-，weve had spectacular weather, its been, I mean ,we got sunburnt in Scotland. Its, were, were getting accustomed to life on the road and every day our pace is increasing and were getting stronger. So I think its, its marvelous.Reporter: And will you, when you get to Athens, whats your plan there?Cyclist: Hopefully take a little time to rest, relax vacation a little bit, and maybe throw the bike in the ocean, just the good things in life. Reporter: And whats been the worst, most difficult thing youve come acrossed so far?Cyclist: Weve had some very challenging weather and some challenging hills. ButWeve actually enjoyed all of it. Its been difficult but I think all of the Riding has been good.Reporter: And how are the legs holding up?Cyclist: Oh great! Now we always say that our prosthetic limbs are the ones that are doing fabulous. Its, its the, its the, as we refer to, the meat leg that, that might, might be a little weaker. But everybodys riding really strongly and theyre just, just performing marvelously.主持人：三名只有三条腿的自行车爱好者正在进行一个从苏格兰到希腊的艰苦骑行。这个被OttoBock 赞助的三人组都装有假肢，他们希望通过这个挑战可以提高对多种才能的意识。六套记者在今天早些时候采访了Mick Wright, Sedan Sherret和 Brad Kennedy骑行者：是的，它确实有点艰难，我不喜欢骑车。但是你要知道，如果我们可以帮助一些人，刺激一些人回到原来的有活力的生活方式中，并且将他们的思想集中在积极的事情上。所有的这些都是值得的。记者：那么你们此行的真正目的是什么?骑行者： 提高残疾人对自身能力的认识。失去了一只胳膊并不意味这你只能坐在长椅上。你依然可以是活跃的，你可以拥有一个健康的生活方式。你可以做一些当你在完全健康时候一直就想接受的挑战。记者：从格拉斯哥到雅典的旅途一共要2500英里，你们要怎么应付这么长的行程？骑行者：哦，我觉得我们状态很好。我们正在进行第一周的骑行。我们正在进行调整，逐渐习惯这种惊人的天气，就像在苏格兰，我们都被晒伤了。我们逐渐习惯这种在路上的生活，我们的速度每天都在提高，每天都在变强。所以我想这很了不起。记者：那么当你们到雅典后，你们有什么计划吗？骑行者：希望可以花一点时间休息，放松，度假，也许会把自行车扔到大海里。就做一些生活中比较美好的事情。记者：至今为止，你们面对的最坏的最困难的事情是什么？骑行者：我们遇到了非常有挑战性的天气和山脉。但是，我们很享受这个过程。虽然骑行很困难但是我感觉很好。记者：那你们的腿还适应吗？骑行者：当然。我们现在可以说我们的假肢感觉很棒。虽然比真的腿要弱，但是我们每个人都骑得很有力，这些假肢真的很不可思议。Listening in Passage1A US Airways jet landed in the icy Hudson River in New York this afternoon after apparently hitting a flock of geese. Miraculously, no one was killed and there were few injuries. James Moore, our correspondent at the scene, has more. An Airbus 330 took off from La Guardia Airport. New York, at 3:26pm this afternoon, bound for Charlotte Airport in North Carolina. It had 155 people aboard. Thirty to 45 seconds after take-off, a flock of geese apparently flew into the plane, causing it to lose power in both engines and one engine to catch fire. Without power the plane was unable to return to La Guardia Airport and the pilot decided to land in the Hudson River in order to avoid crashing in a populated area. Two minutes later the plane made a successful landing in the Hudson and passengers were able to climb out through the emergency exits. The plane immediately started taking in water but fortunately water taxis and boats that had seen the crash were waiting by the aircraft. Passengers and crew stood on the wings of the plane in the icy cold water and were helped into the boats. Over the next hour, as New York watched the event on television, everyone on the plane, including a baby, were taken to hospitals for treatment ,mostly because of the extreme cold, Their injuries are not reported to be serious. One of the passengers, Alberto Panero, said people had begun praying as the plane approached the river but that everyone had stayed clam. The pilot of the plane has been named as Chesley Sullenberger. Aged 57,he has 29 years experience of flying and at one time had been a US fighter pilot. Sullenberger was the last to leave the plane and walked up and down it twice to make sure it was empty before climbing out. He has already been described as a hero. The Governer of New York, David patersm, said at a news conference this afternoon, “I believe now weve had a miracle on the Hudson. This pilot, somehow without any engines, was somehow able to land this plane and perhaps without any injuries to the passengers.” It is thought that the survival of all on board is because the plane did not break up when it hit water and because of the immediately arrival of the water taxis and boats. 今天下午，一架美国航线喷射机在碰撞上了一群鹅后迫降在冰冷的哈德孙河上，但奇迹般的没有一个丧生只有少数人受伤。我们在现场的记者詹姆斯穆尔将会做更详尽的报道。 这架空客330在纽约时间下午3点26分从拉瓜地亚机场出发飞往北卡罗莱纳州的夏洛特机场，机上共有155人，起飞30到45秒后，一群鹅撞上了飞机，导致飞机的两个引擎都熄火了，其中一个着火。没有了动力飞机无法返回拉瓜地亚机场因此为了使飞机不坠毁在有人居住的地区飞行员决定降落在哈德孙河上。两分钟以后，飞机成功地降落，乘客们能够从紧急出口爬出飞机。尽管飞机很快进了水，但幸运的是，许多目睹了撞击的水上巴士和船都在飞机旁边等候。机上乘客和工作人员站在机翼上浸在冰冷的河水里然后被救上船。一个小时以后，当纽约人民在电视里看到这场事故时，主要是极度寒冷的关系。机上的每一个人，包括一个小婴儿都被送到医院接受治疗，他们的伤势据说并不严重。其中一个乘客阿尔贝托，帕内罗说，当飞机接近河的时候人们都开始祈祷但是所有的人都保持了镇静。 这架飞机的飞行员名叫切斯里，撒伦伯格尔，今年57岁，有着29年的飞行经验而且曾一度担任过美国战斗机飞行员，撒伦伯格尔是最后一个离开飞机的，而且在爬出去以前他从上上下下下在机舱内走了两遍以确保机舱空无一人，他现在已经称为英雄。纽约市长大卫，佩特森在今天下午的新闻发布会上说：“我相信现在我们有了一个哈德孙河上的奇迹，无论怎样，这位飞行员在没有任何发动机的情况下，能够使飞机安全降落而且几乎没有乘客伤亡。 现在普遍认为由于飞机碰撞到河水时没有裂开而且水上巴士和船只及时赶到，才有了机上乘客全部生还的奇迹。 Passage 2Streets Full of HeroesA: Hi, we are asking people who their personal hero is. Someone they really admire and whos inspired them in some way.B: Oh, right. Interesting.A: Can you tell us a bit about yourself?B: Sure. My name is Paul Smith. I worked at London zoo.A: London zoo? Really?B: Yes, Im a zoo keeper. I look after the elephants.A: Elephants? what a great job! So who is your hero, Paul?B: Ive got quite a few heroes. But I guess my biggest hero is Al Gore.A: The American politician. So why him?B: Well, he is the guy who made people take climate change seriously.A: You are referring to the film An Inconvenient Truth, I take it?B: Thats right. That film proved to people with statistics and graphs, that kind of thing-that climate change was happening and that its man-made. Before that, most people believed it was just a few crazy scientists who thought it was happening.A: You work with animals. Do you worry about the effect of the climate on animals? B：Sure，I do. All these species are going to become extinct. Its terrible.A：It is. Would you say Al Gores been an inspiration to you?B: Yes, I would. Hes taught me about importance of taking action when you see something that needs to be done. I do volunteer work for Greenpeace-quite a lot actually. Thats the way I do my bit.A: Greenpeace? Excellent. Thanks, Paul. Hi, whats your name?C: Clare hope.A: What do you do?C: Well, Im a mum with two young kids and I work part-time as an accountant for the Red Cross.A: Were asking people who their personal hero is and if theyve inspired them in any way. C: Thats an easy one. Melinda Gates, shes my hero.A: Why is that?C: Well, she is Bill Gates wife, one of the richest people in the world. You know, she could so easily do nothing, just enjoy her money. And instead she co-founded the um Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and I think that its called-and it is one of the biggest private charity organization in the world. Its donated more than 280 million dollars to various good causes.A: More than 280 million dollars? Now thats a lot of money. She is very active in it, isnt she?C: Oh yeah, she is a director. Flies all over the world.A: Do you do any work for charity?C:I make phone calls for Save the Children, asking people to donate. She is a real inspiration, Melinda gates。A:你好，我们正在调查人们心目中的英雄都是谁。某个他们真的敬仰的以及已经在某些方面上鼓舞他们的人。B:哦很好，很有趣。A:你能告诉我们一点关于你自己的情况吗？B:当然，我叫保罗史密斯。我在伦敦动物园工作。A:伦敦动物园？真的吗？B:是，我是一名动物园饲养员。我照顾大象。A:大象？多伟大的一份工作啊。谁是你心中的英雄，保罗？B:我心里拥有相当多的英雄，但是我想最大的英雄应该是艾尔戈尔。A:那个美国政治家，那么为什么是他呢？B:恩，他是那个使人们严肃对待气候变化的人。A:你参考了那部电影，难以忽视的真相，我说的对吧？ B:是的。那部电影用统计的数据和图表等这类的资料向人们证明了气温变化正在发生而且那是人类造成的。在这之前，大多数人们认为这仅是一些疯狂的科学家认为它在发生而已。A:你从事动物工作。那你会担心气候对动物的影响吗？B:当然，我会的。所有的这些都物种即将会灭绝了。这很糟糕。A:的确是这样。你会说艾尔已经对你来说成为一名鼓舞人心的人了吗？B:是的，我会。他教会我当你看到一些事情需要被做的时候就要采取行动的重要性。事实上，我为绿色和平组织做了很多的志愿工作。这是我尽我一点贡献的方式。A:绿色和平组织？非常好。谢谢你保罗。你好，你叫什么名字？C:克莱尔贺普A:您是做什么的？C:恩，我是一个有两个小孩子的妈妈。而且我兼职为红十字会做会计。A:我们正在调查人们心目中的英雄都是谁而且他们是否已经以任何一种方式鼓舞到人们。C:这很简单。梅琳达盖茨，她是我心中的英雄。A:为什么呢？C:她是世界首富之一的比尔盖茨的夫人。你知道，她什么都不用做就能简单地享受她的钱财。然而她合创了Bill 和Melinda gates基金会，我认为是这么这样称呼的。而且这是世界最大的私人慈善组织之一。它已经捐献了超过280,000,000美元为各种各样的慈善的原因。A:超过280，000,000美元？现在这是很大一笔钱啊。她非常的积极投身于慈善事业，不是吗？C:哦，是的。她是一名主管。会飞往全球各个地方。A:你为慈善做过什么工作吗？C:我在救助儿童会中负责打电话，号召人们捐献。梅琳达盖茨真的是一个鼓舞人心的人。Unit 7Outside ViewComputers are a very important part of our lives. They tell us about delays to transport. They drives trains, analyze evidence and control buildings. Did you know that 60 per cent of homes in Britain have got a PC (a personal computer)?For many young people, playing computer games is their favorite way of spending their spare time. Computers are a very important part of most areas of life in Britain-libraries, the police and in school. But they are becoming more important in our homes as well. Theyll even control the way we live-in “smart homes” or computer-controlled houses. The smart home is now a real possibility. It will become very common. A central computer will adjust the temperature, act as a burglar alarm and switch on lights, ready for you to come back home. And of course you will be able to give new instructions to the computers from your mobile phone. So if your plans change, you home will react to match. Many homes have got a lot of televisions and several computers. The smart home will provide TV and Internet sockets in every room, so youll be able to do what you want wherever you want. If the temperature outside changes, the smart home will adjust the temperature levels inside. The computer will also close the blinds when it get dark or to stop too much sun entering a room. And if you want to eat when you get home, the computer will turn the oven on for you! Are computers taking over our lives? In a survey,44 per cent of young people between 11 and 16 said their PC was a trusted friend. Twenty per cent said they were happier at their computer than spending time with family or friends. Another survey found that people in Britain spend so much time on the phone, texting and reading emails that they no longer have time for conversation. What do you think about that? 电脑是我们生活的一个非常重要的组成部分。它们告诉我们交通的晚点，它们驾驶火车，分析案件的证据还有控制建筑。你知道吗？，在英国百分之60的家庭拥有个人电脑。对于很多年轻人来说，玩电子游戏是他们最喜欢来消遣空闲的方式。在大多数地区的英国图书馆，警署和学校，电脑是日常工作和生活的很重要的一部分。然而，电脑对于家庭来说也正在变得越来越重要。它甚至会控制我们在“智能房子”或者说是电脑操控的房子的生活方式。智能房子现在真的很有可能。这将会变得很常见。一台中央计算机将会调控温度，充当自动报警铃和控制灯的开关，准备迎接你的回家。当然你可以通过你的手机向计算机发出新的指示。所以如果你的计划改变了，家里面的电脑会自动调节去配合变化。很多家庭都有很多电视机和几台电脑，智能房子在每个房间里都会配有电视和网路插口，这样的话你就可以在你喜欢的地方做你想做的事了。如果外面 的温度有变化了，智能房子将会调节内部的温度。当天暗下来或者为了减少进入房间的阳光的时候，计算机也会拉下百叶窗。还有如果当你回到家的时候想吃点什么，计算机会为你打开微波炉！ 是电脑接管我们的生活了吗?在一个调查中在11到16岁的年轻人中，百分之44 的说他们的个人电脑是一个忠实的朋友。百分之20的说相比于和家人朋友一起，和他们的电脑在一起更快乐。另一个调查显示在英国人们花费太多的时间在电话，测试，读电子邮件上以至于他们没有时间来聊天。你对于这些怎么认为呢？Listening InPart IWhen you have a biscuit with your cup of tea do you dunk it? And if so what is the perfect way to do it? Thats the subject of todays Science in Action Report. It may be hard to believe, but scientists at the University of Bristol have been analyzing this question. And after a two-month study, they devised a mathematical formula for dunking biscuits. So no more melting chocolate, or biscuit crumbs in the bottom of your cup, which is the fate of one in four biscuits that are dunked in tea, according to research by a biscuit manufacturer.Doughnut bunkers dont face the same problems because doughnuts are held together with an elastic net of protein gluten. This substance allows the doughnut to absorb liquid without breaking down its structure. The structure of a biscuit, however, is held together by sugar which melts when placed in hot tea or coffee.So what is the answer? The researchers, led by Dr Len Fisher, discovered that holding the biscuit in a horizontal position-or flat-on-has a significant effect on the amount on the time of a biscuit can stay in hot liquid before falling apart. In fact this horizontal dunking results in a dunking time up to four times longer than traditional vertical dunking.Whats the reason for this? It seems that the answer is related to diffusion, in other words, the length of time it takes for the liquid to penetrate the structure of the biscuit. Basically it takes longer for the liquid to travel through the channels of a biscuit when it is laid flat on the surface of liquid. Also the fact that when a biscuit is dunked horizontally, with the biscuit submerged in the liquid ,and the chocolate coating staying out of the liquid, the chocolate helps hold the biscuit together. Another factor influencing the equation is the temperature of the tea-the hotter the tea, the faster the sugar melts. The researchers also found that by dunking a biscuit into tea or coffee, up to ten times more flavor is released than if the biscuit is eaten dry. So its worth experimenting yourself. If you are wondering how you can perfect the horizontal dunk, the researchers have come up with an idea for a biscuit-holding device to make dunking biscuits easier. They are even now working on producing a table giving guidelines on dunking times for different types of biscuits.On that note, I think its time to go off to the canteen for a tea break! 当你边喝茶边吃饼干的时候,你会不会把饼干放到茶水中浸一浸?如果你会浸一浸的话，你知道浸饼干最好的方法吗?这是今天科学在线报告的主题。你可能很难相信，但是布里斯托尔大学的科学家们一直在研究分析这个问题。在经过了两个月的研究之后，他们总结出了一个浸泡饼干的数学公式。根据饼干制作者的研究，那些被泡在茶水里的饼干，有四分之一不会在杯底残留融化的巧克力和饼干碎屑。浸泡炸面圈的人就不会面临这样的问题，因为炸面圈由有弹性的蛋白质面筋网结合而成，这些物质可以让炸面圈吸收水分却不破坏自身结构，然而饼干的结构却是由糖分结合而成，糖分被放在热咖啡或热茶中是会融化的。那么两者不同的原因是什么呢,由莱思 费希尔博士带领的研究者们发现把饼干放在一个水平的位置或者平放，对饼干可以存在于热水中不破碎的时间有重要影响。事实上，这种水平浸泡饼干的方法导致饼干的浸泡时间是传统的垂直浸泡的时间的五倍。产生这种现象的原因是什么？答案似乎与渗透有关系，换句话说，就是与液体渗入饼干结构当中所需要的时间有关。一般来说，当饼干平放在液体表面时，液体需要更多的时间进入饼干的机构当中。另外事实是当饼干水平浸入液体当中，并被浸没而巧克力外衣却在液体之外的时候，巧克力可以帮助维持饼干的结构。另一个影响这个反应式的因素就是茶水的温度，温度越高，糖分融化越快。研究者还发现，与干吃饼干相比，将饼干浸泡在茶或咖啡当中，有十倍多的味道会被释放出来。所以值得你亲身体验一下。如果你想知道怎样才能完美地水平浸泡你的饼干，研究着们已经产生一个想法去研究一种可以存放饼干的机器，使浸泡饼干更加容易。他们甚至正致力于研究出一种桌子，可以针对不同类型饼干的浸泡时间给出相应的指导.说到这,我认为是时候去餐厅喝茶休息一会了.Part IIA: Hey, Louise! Look at this book about crop circles. Some of the photos are absolutely unbelievable.B: You dont believe in all that stuff, do you, Peter?A: Im not saying I believe in UFOs and things. But some of the formations are fascinating. Theyre made up of lots of the interconnected circles and geometrical shapes. You know, in the past few years, there have been more reports of then. The circles are getting larger and designs are getting more intricateIm sure that they cant all be man-made. Think about it-theyre so complicated, and they appear night in the middle of fields of wheat, barley or corn. Its definitely pretty weird.B: I know, but I saw a TV documentary about it. And they showed how a group of hoaxers made an elaborate crop circle in the field at night. Using wooden planks, ropes, plastic tubes, and a garden roller. They even fooled some of the people who believe in the paranormal. Aliens coming down in UFOs and creating them and so on.A: Im sure lots of them are created by people just to get publicity but look here-it says ”The first records of crop circles get back as far as the 17th century. Since the 1917s, there have been of 12000 reports from countries all around the world, including Italy, America, South Africa, Australia and Brazil. Most reports are from here in England though.B: But surely thats just because they get so much media coverage these days? So more people are making them.A: Perhaps. But how do you explain the fact that the actual chemical composition of the grains of crops inside the circles changes? Scientific tests have found they have a higher protein level. The stems of the grains have often been exposed to high temperatures. And they found that the soil outside. So far, the hoaxers havent been able to copy all these features.B: Well, Im not a scientist but Im pretty skeptical about all these so-called paranormal explanations. I remember in the programme I watched, the researchers found signs of human interference, such as holes in the earth and footprints.A: Come onyou must admit, that still leaves a lot which is unexplained!B: There are lots of things that are hard to explain but this really.A：嗨，露易丝！看看这本关于麦田怪圈的书。其中的一些图片真的是完全难以置信。B：你不会相信所有这样的材料吧，彼得？A：我不是说我相信UFO之类的事。但是一些阵型很迷人。他们是由大量的互联圈和几何形状组成的。你知道,在过去的几年中,已经有越来越多的报道。这些怪圈正在变得更大，这些设计也在变得更错综复杂。我确信他们不可能全部是人为的。你想想-他们是这么复杂，而且他们又在晚上出现在种着小麦、大麦、玉米的田野的中央。这绝对是非常奇怪的事。B：我知道。但是我看了一个关于这个的电视纪录片。他展示了一群骗子是怎样在晚上用木板、绳子、塑料管和花园辊子在田野里制造一个煞费苦心的麦田怪圈。他们甚至愚弄一些相信超自然的人们，说是外星人从UFO上下来制造了怪圈之类的谎言。A：我相信他们其中的一些是为了引起公众注意而被人造的。但是看这里-它说“最早关于麦田怪圈的记录可以追溯回十七世纪。从1917年，已经有来自全世界各地关于它的报道12000多次，包括意大利、美国、南非、澳大利亚和巴西，尽管更多的记录是来自英国。B：但是这正是因为最近他们得到如此多的媒体报道。所以更多的人们去制造怪圈。A：或许吧。但是你怎么解释在圈内的谷物的化学性质被改变这一事实呢？科学家们实验发现这些谷物有更高级的蛋白质。谷物的茎经常被暴露在高温下。同时他们还发现土壤外翻。截止现在，那些骗子们还不能复制所有的这些特点。B：好吧，我不是科学家但是我对这些所谓的超自然解释非常持怀疑态度。我记得我曾经看过的一个节目，调查者发现人类干扰的迹象，像地上的洞和脚印。A：拜托。你必须承认，它还有许多事情是无法解释的！B：有很多事情是很难解释的但是这个真的。Unit 8Outside viewCross-cultural Awareness Holidays and CustomsThis week, on Cross-cultural Awarenes, Holidays and Customs in Asia we meet