航空发动机专业外语.doc

第一章Scientific English 科技英语scientific: 科技的；technical: 技术的；university of technology: 科技大学scientific and technical information: 科学技术情报Professional English 专业英语specialized, specialty, professional: 专业的expertise: 专长; 专门技能; 专门知识major: 主修，专业Para. 1 gas turbine engine 燃气涡轮发动机aircraft 飞机，飞行器（单复同形）power plant 发动机，动力装置appreciate 意思,到理解 realize and understandprior to 在之前 (formal) beforepropulsion 推进reaction 反作用jet 喷气, 喷射, 喷气发动机designer 设计师initially 最初，开始时 at the beginningunsuitability 不适应性piston engine 活塞发动机airflow 空气流present 带来, 产生 cause something to happenobstacle 障碍Para. 2patent 专利, 获得专利jet propulsion engine 喷气推进发动机 athodyd 冲压式喷气发动机heat resisting material 耐热材料develop 研究出，研制出In the second place 其次inefficient 效率低的ram jet, ramjet冲压式喷气发动机conception 构想, 设计，概念Para. 3grant 授予givepropulsive jet 推进喷射turbo-jet engine (turbojet) 涡轮喷气发动机turbo-propeller engine (turboprop) 涡轮螺桨发动机be fitted with 配备term (n)术语, (v)称为, 叫做twin-spool engine 双转子发动机triple-spool engine三转子发动机by-pass engine 双涵道发动机ducted fan 涵道风扇发动机unducted fan (UDF) 无涵道风扇发动机propfan 桨扇发动机inevitable 不可避免的, 必然的Para.4propeller 螺旋桨basic principle 基本原理effect (n) 结果,效果 result, outcome, (v) 产生, 实现, cause to happen, accomplishpropel 推进solely 单独, 只onlythrust 推力Para.5popularly 普遍地, 一般地, by many peoplepulse jet 脉动式喷气发动机turbo/ram jet 涡轮冲压式喷气发动机turbo-rocket 涡轮火箭Para.6accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度apparatus 装置, 机器slipstream 滑流Para.7momentum 动量issue 冒出to impart M to N 把M给予(传给)Nrevolve 旋转Para.8whirl 旋转 to spin around quicklysprinkler 喷水器mechanism 机构by in virtue of 依靠hose 软管afford 提供carnival 狂欢节Para.9definitely 确切地, 明确地assume 想象, 以为expel 排出, 驱逐propulsive efficiency 推进效率Para.11thermodynamic 热动力的divergent 扩散diverge 扩散convergent 收敛converge收敛entry 进气段exit 排气管kinetic energy 动能air intake 空气进口diverging duct 扩散管道outlet duct 排气管missile 导弹target vehicle 靶机Para.12intermittent combustion 间断式燃烧exhaust 排气 cycle 循环aerodynamic空气动力的 helicopter rotor propulsion 直升机旋翼驱动器Involve具有 dispense with 省去, 无需robust 结实的, 坚固的 resonate 共振inlet valve 进气阀 resonating cycle 共振循环inject喷入eject 喷出 fuel consumption燃油消耗equal 比得上 depression 降压, 减压 performance 性能offset 抵消Para.19variable intake 可变进口afterburning 加力燃烧 variable nozzle 可调喷口conventional 常规的afterburner 加力燃烧室inoperative 不工作的divert 使转向guide vane 导流叶片duct (n)管道，(v) 用管道输送sustained 持续的cruise 巡航mode 模式Para.21multi-stage turbine 多级涡轮derive 得到， 取得, getkerosene, kerosine 煤油be in the order of达到的量级spray 喷雾fuel-rich mixture 富油混合物dilute 稀释surplus 剩余的, more than what is neededPara.22interceptor 截击机space-launcher 航天发射器altitude 高度attitude 态度、姿态latitude 纬度longitude 经度accelerative 加速的duration 持续时间第二章Para.1working fluid 工作流体 conversion 转换jet efflux 喷射气流Para. 2four-stroke piston engine 四冲程活塞发动机constant pressure 等压constant volume 等容induction 进气compression 压缩intermittent 间断的be involved in与有关 charging 进气eliminate 消除idle stroke 空冲程Para.3peak 峰, 峰值fluctuate, fluctuating 波动, 起伏withstand, withstood 承受in excess of 超过employ 采用cylinder 汽缸high octane fuel 高辛烷值燃料low octane fuel 低辛烷值燃料fabricated 装配式的Para.4function 运行, 运转introduce, introducing 输入remainder 剩余部分discharge 排出Para.5,6turbine assembly 涡轮部件air-cooled blade 气冷叶片consequently 随之而来的, 因此, 所以Para.7embody 体现be embodied in M 体现在M中be directly proportional to与成正比 be inversely proportional to与成反比Para.9trace 描绘with 因为,由于, because of or concerning the fact of With + 名词 + 分词短语(or 介词短语, 形容词, 副词) 由于, 当时, 即使, 如果, show up 表现, 显示Para.10attain 达到, 实现conversely 相反地Para.11adiabatic 绝热的friction 摩擦conduction 传导turbulence 紊流Para.12Deceleration 减速Para.13effect 实现conversion 转换convert 转换sonic 音速的subsonic 亚音速的supersonic 超音速的encounter 遇到venturi 文氏管Para.14interference 干扰component failure 部件失效eddy 涡流turbulence 紊流Para.17conventionally 常规地percentage 部分，百分比remainder 剩余物deliver 送，流to be conducive to 有利于specific 比, 率, 单位的specific fuel consumption 燃油消耗率Para.18design feature 设计特征by-pass engine 双涵道发动机by-pass ratio 涵道比twin-spool configuration 双转子结构propfan 桨扇发动机turbo-propeller 涡轮螺桨发动机Para.19by-pass airstream 外涵道气流overboard 向船外，排出ducted fan 涵道式风扇发动机aft fan 后风扇发动机第三章Para.1centrifugal 离心的axial 轴流的couple 耦合，联接coupling 联轴器coupler联轴器shaft 轴 (compare with axle and axis)Para.2centrifugal (flow) compressor 离心压气机impeller 叶轮diffuser 扩散器axial (flow) compressor 轴流压气机multi-stage unit 多级装置alternate 交替的rotor blade 转子叶片stator vane 静子叶片diffuse 扩散boost 增压booster 增压器Para.3with regard to 关于robust 坚固，结实develop and manufacture 设计与制造consume 消耗，使用attain 达到air flow 空气流量，空气流adoption 采用favour (Am. E favor) 喜爱，偏爱ruggedness坚固性 rugged 坚固的outweigh 胜过，重于Para.5diffuser vane 扩散器叶片double-entry impeller 双面进气叶轮plenum chamber 稳流室Para.6radially 径向地intake duct 进气管initial swirl 预旋Para.7divergent nozzle 扩散排气管Para.10construction 结构center around (round, about, at, in, on, upon) 以为中心ball bearing 滚珠轴承roller bearing 滚柱轴承split 分开detachment 拆开，分离Para.11forge 锻造forged 锻造的radially disposed vanes 径向排列的叶片in conjunction with 和共同 swept back 后掠Para.12attach 联接tangential 相切的inner edge 内缘in line with 与一致buffeting impulse 扰流抖振脉冲Para. 13rotor assembly 转子部件airfoil section 翼型截面mount 安装bearing 轴承incorporate 安有，装有in series 依次地design condition 设计状态incorporation 引入，采用variable stator vane 可调静子叶片succeeding stage下一级Para. 14gradual reduction 逐渐减小annulus 环形流道stator casing 静子机匣maintain 保持density 密度convergence 收敛taper，tapering 带斜度，带锥度arrangement 结构Para. 16multi-spool compressor 多转子压气机optimum 最佳（的），最优（的）flexibility 适应性，灵活性Para. 17match 使匹配obsolete 已不用but 除.之外Para. 18trend 趋势stage 阶段, 级undergo 承受split 分开core 核心gas generator 燃气发生器optimum arrangement 最佳结构Para. 19induce 吸入，引入，引导sweep, swept 扫，猛推adjacent 相邻的translate 翻译，转换decelerate 减速serve 起作用deflection 偏转straightener 整流器swirl 旋流diagrammatically 图示地accompany 伴随progressive 不断的，逐渐的Para. 20breakaway 分离stall 失速precede 在前面Para. 21incidence 攻角tolerate 允许interstage bleed 级间放气intermediate stage 中间级Para. 22proportion 比例 pl. 尺寸, 大小coaxial 同轴的inner radius 内半径supercharge 增压akin 相似的Para.23alignment 对中, 同心cylindrical 圆筒形的bolted axial joint 轴向螺栓联接bolted center line joint 中心线螺栓联接Para.24secure 固定assemble 装配weld 焊接periphery 边缘drum 鼓筒Para.25circumferential 周向的fixing 安装, 固定maintainability 维护性blisk 整体叶盘Para.26gradient 梯度balance out 抵消twist 扭angle of incidence 攻角boundary layer 附面层, 边界层stagnant 滞止的compensate for 补偿camber 弯度extremity 端部end-bend 端弯Para.27retaining ring 保持环in segments 成组的shroud 叶冠Para.28workable 可用的, 可运转的 implement 实现, 执行, 完成Para.29impose up