现代大学英语 Unit Globalizations Dual Powerppt课件.ppt

Globalization sDualPower AbouttheAuthor RobertJ Samuelson bornDecember23 1945 isaNewsweek 新闻周刊 contributingeditor 特约编辑 andTheWashingtonPost 华盛顿邮报 columnist 专栏作家 Aneconomicsspecialist heisoneofthemostwidelyreadjournalistsintheUnitedState HisarticlesappearintheLosAngelesTimes 洛杉矶时报 TheBostonGlobe 波士顿环球报 andotherinfluentialnewspapers Globalization sDualPowerappearedintheInternationalHeraldTribune 国际先锋论坛报 inDecember 1999 onthethresholdofthenewmillenium MajorcustomersofFoxconnincludeorhaveincluded AcerInc Taiwan A UnitedStates AppleInc UnitedStates BlackBerryLtd Canada Cisco UnitedStates Dell UnitedStates Google UnitedStates Microsoft UnitedStates MotorolaMobility UnitedStates Nokia Finland Sony Japan Toshiba Japan MajorcustomersofFoxconnincludeorhaveincluded AcerInc Taiwan A UnitedStates AppleInc UnitedStates BlackBerryLtd Canada Cisco UnitedStates Dell UnitedStates Google UnitedStates Microsoft UnitedStates MotorolaMobility UnitedStates Nokia Finland Sony Japan Toshiba Japan FoxconnhasfactoriesinJapanMalaysiaSouthKoreaEuropeMexicoUnitedStates 生产全球化 Globalization Globalizationistheprocessofinternationalintegrationarisingfromtheinterchangeofworldviews products ideasandotheraspects ButEconomicGlobalizationisthecoreofGlobalization EconomicGlobalization Economicglobalizationistheincreasingeconomicintegrationandinterdependenceofnational regionalandlocaleconomiesacrosstheworldthroughanintensificationofcross bordermovementofgoods services technologiesandcapital 经济全球化是通过加强货物 服务 技术和资本的跨界移动世界各地越来越多的经济一体化和国家 区域和地方的经济相互依存 EducationalGlobalization 孔子学院 Positive TechnologyOpenMarketsEconomicIntegrationPeaceGlobalFocus Negative CultureMarketBarriersNationalBarriersWarLocalFocus 1 3 Globalization Pros Lowerpricesforgoodsandservices Economicgrowthstimulation Increaseinconsumerincome Createsjobs Countriesspecializeinproductionofgoodsandservicesthatareproducedmostefficiently 1 13 Globalization Cons Destroysmanufacturingjobsinwealthy advancedcountries Wageratesofunskilledworkersinadvancedcountriesdeclines Companiesmovetocountrieswithfewerlaborandenvironmentregulations Lossofsovereignty 1 14 Outline Part1 1 2 Theauthorpointsoutthetopic globalizationisadouble edgedswordandwhatitwillbringtotheoneinvolved Part2 3 34 Theauthordisscussesthetopicindetialbyexemplificationandfindsithardtodecide Wecanonlywaitandsee Part2 18 31 Beneficalandharmfuleffectondevelopingcountries erodeculture tradition threateneconomicandpoliticalstability 32 34 EndingthearticlebyremindingthatGlobalizationisnotinevitableandirreversible 3 17 TheauthorintrouducestheprogressanddevelopmentofGlobalization Majorpoints Globalizationisadouble edgedsword Thedauntingquestionofthe21st centuryistoseewhichwillprevail Minorpoints Itraiseseconomicgrowth spreadsnewtechnologyandraiseslivingstandards Itassaultsnationalsovereignty erodeslocalcultureandtraditionandthreatenseconomicandsocialinstability Minorpoint 1 Insomerespects globalizationismerelyatrendywordforanoldprocess Minorpoint 2 Globalizationisdifferentfromtraditionalmarketexpansioninthatintheconditionofglobalization companiesandfinancialmarketsdisregardnationalborders Factssupportingit A Privatecapitalflowsincreaseenormously B Internationalacquisitionsandmergersincreasedevelopsquickly C Moreandmorepeoplebelievethatmanymarketshavebecomeglobal D Companiesincreasinglyorganizeproductionglobally E Governmentsalsoseekbiggersalesandprofits Minorpoint 3 Globaleconomyismorepronetoinstability Example Asianfinancialcrisis Minorpoint 4 Globalizationwillcausepolitical culturalandsocialproblems Example protestersattheSeattlemeetingofWTOinDec 1999 shortparagraphs professionalanalysisThearticleisillustratedthrough contrastexamplesdata forprofessionalanalysis parallelism dualadj dualrole purpose functiondualnationality citizenshipadual purpose adj vehicleduality thestateofhavingtwopartsoraspectsdualism philosophythetheorythattherearetwooppositeprinciplesineverything二元论Compare pluralism attheedgeof ontheedgeof onthevergeofclosetothepointatwhichsomethingdifferent especiallysomethingbad willhappenontheedgeofcollapseontheedgeofdespairontheedgeofdespairontheedgeofthebed edgen advantageCompaniesareemployingmoreresearchteamstogetanedge tohavetheedgeoversb Thenextversionofthesoftwarewillhavetheedgeoveritscompetitors vehiclen fml somethingyouusetoexpressandspreadyourideas opinionsetc mediumHisnovelsareavehicleforhispoliticalviews 他的小说是传达他的政治观点的媒介 alikeadv 1 usedtoemphasizethatyoumeanboththepeople groups orthingsthatyouhavejustmentionedGoodhealthandsafetymanagementbenefitsemployersandemployeesalike 2 inasimilarwayTheydressandwalkalike controversyn apoliticalcontroversycause provoke arousecontroversyThecontroversysurroundingtheintroductionofthenewregulationsThejudges decisionprovokedcontroversy controversyover abouttheuseofthesedrugsControversyarose began overtheuseofthechemicalsonfruitandvegetables Muchcontroversysurroundsthenewexam toassault toattacksomeoneinaviolentway Twomenassaultedhimafterheleftthebar formal toaffectyoursensesinawaythatisveryunpleasantoruncomfortable刺激 Loudrockmusicassaultedourears toerode tograduallyreducesomethingsuchassomeone spowerorconfidenceOurpersonalfreedomisbeinggraduallyerodedaway Repeatedexamfailurehaderodedherconfidence dauntingadj frighteninginawaythatmakesyoufeellessconfident intimidating disheartening discouragingThetripseemedratherdauntingforayounggirl Iwasfacedwiththedauntingtaskoflearningthewholescriptin24hours dauntlessadj confidentandnoteasilyfrighteneddauntlessoptimism courage upheavaln asudden bigchangethatoftencausesproblemsMovingtoadifferentschoolcanbeabigupheavalforyoungchildren Thecompanymanagedtosurvivetheeconomicupheavalsofthelast20years trendyadj influencedbythemostfashionablestylesandideas trend n atrendyBayArearestaurantHepredictsthatpurplewindbreakerwillbecometrendythissummer Sheonlytalkslikethatbecauseshewantstosoundtrendy toretard fml todelaythedevelopmentofsomething ortomakesomethinghappenmoreslowlythanexpected slowdownColdweatherretardsthegrowthofmanyplants Eveninsmallamounts leadcanretarddevelopmentinchildren retarded lessmentallydevelopedthanotherpeopleofthesameage rudeandoffensive MentallyhandicappedToeventhemostpoliticallyretardedthisisanonsense tochampion topubliclyfightforanddefendanaimorprinciple tosupport thecause tochampionthecauseofgayrightstochampionthecauseofreligiousfreedomn achampionofthepoor ofwomen srights tocombat tofightagainstcombatinflation crime racism pollution asuccessionof anumberofpeopleorthingsofthesamekindfollowing comingorhappeningoneaftertheotherAsuccessionofvisitorscametothedoor Hehasbeenhitbyasuccessionofinjuriessincehejoinedtheteam insuccession happeningoneaftertheotherwithoutanythingdifferenthappeninginbetweenShewonthechampionshipfourtimesinsuccession inquick rapid closesuccession quicklyoneaftertheother Hefiredtwoshotsinquicksuccession antidoten 1 asubstancethatstopstheeffectsofapoisonThereisnoknownantidotetoabitefromthissnake 2 anythingthatcounteractssth unpleasantTheholidaywasamarvelousantidotetothepressuresofofficework deadlyadj deadlypoison deadlyweapon deadlydisease virusdeadlyserious dull boring plete indeadsilenceadeadstopthedeadcentre tocomplement toaddtosth inawaythatimprovesitormakesitmoreattractivetomakeagoodcombinationwithsomeoneorsomethingelse todepart tostarttousenewideasordosomethinginadifferentway digressIt srevolutionarymusic itdepartsfromtheoldformandstructures Inhisspeech thePresidentdepartedfromhistextonlyonce distinctadj twoentirelydistinctlanguages distincttypes groups categoriesclearlydifferentorbelongingtoadifferenttypeThelearningneedsofthetwogroupsarequitedistinctfromeachother distinctiveadj havingaspecialquality character orappearancethatisdifferentandeasytorecognizearockbandwithadistinctivesoundThemostdistinctivefeatureofthebuildingisitsenormousdome shapedroof WhateveryouthinkofLarkin spoetry it scertainlydistinctive entityn fml somethingthatexistsasasingleandcompleteunitThemindexistsasaseparateentity Gooddesignbringsahouseandgardentogetherasasingleentity todisregard toignoresomethingortreatitasunimportantHeorderedthejurytodisregardthewitness slaststatement Marktotallydisregardedmyadvice disregardn Youhaveshownatotaldisregardfor of thelaw todwarf tocausetoappearsmallbycomparisonThecathedralisdwarfedbythesurroundingskyscrapers Thepresenttroubledwarfedtheothermatter n SnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs adj Adwarfplant animal etc bingen todotoomuchofsth suchaseating drinking shoppingtogoonabingeinfml aweek endbinge ashoppingbinge abuyingbinge spreen togoonaspendingspree ashoppingspree abuyingspreeadrinkingspreeashortperiodoftimewhenyoudoalotofoneactivity especiallyspendingmoneyordrinkingalcoholThen againstthebackgroundofbitter violentparentalquarrels Chesterbeganaspreeofdelinquency toacquire toobtainbybuyingtoacquireatasteforsth ShehadacquiredatasteforEuropeanbeer anacquiredtastesomethingthatpeopleonlybegintolikeaftertheyhavetrieditafewtimesCurryisanacquiredtaste tomerge Thebankannouncedthatitwastomergewithanotherofthehighstreetbanks themergerof between withTheyproposedamergerbetween oftwoofthelargestsoftwarecompaniesTherehasbeenalotoftalkaboutamergerwithanotherleadingbank topass togobeyondthelimitof tobecomemorethanaparticularnumberoramounttopassbelief topassone scomprehension corporateadj belongingtoorrelatingtoacorporationcorporateheadquarters mainofficesthecorporateculture Fromboomtobustandbackroundagain thenew mediaindustryhasturnedfullcircle 从繁荣到没落 之后又繁荣 新媒体行业经历了完整的生命周期 convictvt toproveorofficiallyannouncethatsomeoneisguiltylofacrimeafteratrilinalawcourtbeconvictedofBuxtonwasconvictedofrape Thisisaconvictedmurderer acquittogiveadecisioninacourtoflawthatsomeoneisnotguiltyofacrimeShewasacquittedofmurder tokeep stayabreastofsomething tomakesurethatyouknowallthemostrecentfactsorinformationaboutaparticularsubjectorsituationIt simportanttokeepabreastofthelatestdevelopmentsincomputers towalk rideabreast towalk rideetc nexttoeachother allfacingthesamewayTheplaneswereflyingfourabreast relentlessadj strict cruel ordetermined withouteverstopping remorselessrelentlesspersecutiontherelentlessbeatofthedrumsHersuccessisduetoarelentlesspursuitofperfection indicatorn somethingthatcanberegardedasasignofsomethingelseAllthemaineconomicindicatorssuggestthattradeisimproving atrainindicator tobehard pressed tobeheavilyburdened tohaveseriousdifficultiesdoingYou dbehardpressedtofindanyonebetterforthejob tohamstring tomakesomeoneunabletotaketheactiontheywantorneedtotake especiallybyrestrictingthem tocripple todestroyorhindertheefficiencyofThePresidentfeelsheishamstrungbyCongress Thecompanyishamstrungbyitspoormanagement sub 1 beloworundersub Sahara submarine subway2 almostornearlysubtropical subhuman subconscious3 lessimportantorlowerinranksubordinate substandard4 asmallerpartofawholesubcontinent subcommittee subculture embracen acceptanceofnewidea opinion religionetc Mostpeopleshowedreadyembraceofthenewdoctrine toembracefml Wehopetheseregionswillembracedemocraticreforms tofare slightlyoutdatedtogetalong toturnoutHowdidyoufareinyourexams tofarebadly tobepronetosth likelytodosomethingorsufferfromsomething especiallysomethingbadorharmfulThefiercecompetitionmakesstudentsmorepronetonervousbreakdown Sheispronetoaskingstupidquestionsonsuchoccasions Heisaccident prone lopsidedadj unbalanced unequaloruneven especiallyinanunfairwaylopsidedeconomicdevelopmentalopsidedvictoryThelopsidedfinalscore 8 0 maysuggestaneasyvictory onbothcounts onbothpointsunderdiscussiononall several countsineveryway inseveralwaysetcHewasconvictedbyajuryonallcountsandsentencedto62monthsinprison I mafraidIdonnotagreewithyouonbothcounts ensuingadj happeningafteraparticularactionorevent especiallyasaresultofittheensuingbattle conflict debatetheensuingdays months yearsetctoensuefml tohappenafterorasaresultofsomethingTheseproblemsensuefromfoodandmedicalshortages crony n oneofagroupofpeoplewhospendalotoftimewitheachother usedtoshowdisapprovalcronyism n thepracticeofunfairlygivingthebestjobstoyourfriendswhenyouareinapositionofpower ineptadj notgoodatdoingsomething noteffective inappropriate clumsyineptleadershipHewascriticizedforhisinepthandlingoftheproblem excessadj morethannecessaryorreasonableExcessenthusiasmcanimpedeourcalmreasoning Excessluggage baggageexcessn alargeramountofsomethingthanisallowedorneededLittleboysseemtohaveanexcessofenergy downturnn areductionintheamountorsuccessofsth suchasacountry seconomicactivityThereisevidenceofadownturninthebuildingtrade Businessterms current account aaccountofcredits debits receipts andexpendituresbetweentwocountries经常项目帐目 往来账目deficit Thevalueofanation simportsexceedthevalueofitsexports balanceofpayment thedifferencebetweenacountry simportsandexport国际收支 收支平衡 balanceofpaymentsdeficit 国际收支逆差 亏损balanceofpaymentssurplus 国际收支顺差 赢余 tosnowballinto togrowinto toescalateinto todevelopintowithescalatingSoon theprojectsnowballedintoanationwidecampaign Thisprojectwillhaveasnowballeffectincreatingalotofnewpossibilitiesforthecompany Roughlyintheorderofseriousness pooreconomicperformanceisusuallydescribedaseconomicstagnation aslowdown aslackening adownturn adecline asetback arecession adepression aslump oracrisis projectionn astatementorcalculationaboutwhatsomethingwillbeinthefutureorwasinthepast basedoninformationavailablenowprojectionsofdecliningnaturalgasproduction populationprojectionsforthenext25years Hedeclinedtomakeprojectionsaboutfourthquarterearnings tomaterialize tohappenorappearinthewaythatyouexpected tocometrueProblemswereexpected buttheynevermaterialized Themoneywehadbeenpromisedfailedtomaterialize surgen 1 asuddenincreaseinamountornumberHerbooksenjoyedahugesurgeinpopularityinthemid 1980s Lastyeartherewasasurgeinthecompany sprofitsto 122m 2 asudden largeincreaseinafeelingasurgeofexcitement anger interest alienadj 1 verydifferentfromwhatyouareusedto esp inawaythatisdifficulttounderstandoraccept strangethealienenvironmentofthecityThewayoflifeinthetribeistotallyalientous 2 belongingtoanothercountryorrace foreignalienculturesanalienmultiracialsociety beforeigntofml toseemstrangetosomeoneastheresultofnotbeingknownorunderstood bealientosomebodyThelanguageoffinanceandeconomicsisquiteforeigntome agendan alistofproblemsorsubjectsthatagovernment organizationetcisplanningtodealwithbehighonagenda betopofagendaMeasurestocombatterrorismwillbehighonagenda tosetagendaforsth spontaneousadj notplannedspontaneity topropel 1 tomove drive orpushsomethingforwardTheboatispropelledbyasmallmotor2tocausesomeonetodoanactivityorbeinasituation Thefilmpropelledhimtointernationalstardom backlashn astrongnegativereactionbyanumberofpeopleagainstrecentevents especiallyagainstpoliticalorsocialdevelopmentsThe1970ssawthefirstbacklashagainsttheemergingwomen smovement Themanagementfearedabacklashfromangryfansovertheteam srecentpoorperformances plausibleadj reasonableandlikelytobetrueorsuccessfulIneedtothinkofaplausibleexcusefornotgoingtothemeeting plausibilityn implausible presumpt