安徽省六安市第一中学2019_2020学年高二英语上学期开学考试试题（含解析）.docx

安徽省六安市第一中学2019-2020学年高二英语上学期开学考试试题（含解析）第I卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）请听下面5段对话。每段对话有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where does the woman want very much to go?A.Egypt. B. The Nile. C. The Pyramids.2.What does the woman think of the restaurant prices here?A. Fair. B. Cheap. C.Expensive.3. What will the woman do this evening?A. See her Dad at the railway stationB. Go to another city together with her Dad.C. Say good-bye to her Dad at the railway station.4. Why is Jim so excited?A.He has moved to a new house.B .He has got some money from his parents.C.His girlfriend has promised to marry him.5 .What does the woman think of cloning?A.It has no side efifect at all.B. It should be strictly forbidden.C.It may cause trouble for humans.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。在听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。请听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6. How many people are there in the dialogue?A. 2. B. 3. C. 4.7.What are the man and the woman doing?A.They are seeing Susan off.B.They are meeting Susan at the airport.C. They are going to take a plane to somewhere.8. Where is Susan?A. She is in the plane.B. She is at the plane gate.C. She is getting on the plant请听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9. What subjects did Einstein begin to study at the age of ten?A. Maths and science.B. Medicine and violin.C. Physics and chemistry.10. What can we learn from the conversation?A. Einstein was poor in all subjects.B. Einstein got well along with other boys.C. Einstein was quite shy in his childhood.11. When did Einstein teach hirnself advanced mathematics?A. Before he was 20. B. In his twenties. C. In his thirties.请听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12. What are they talking about?A. They are talking about a sport starB. They are talking about the singing competitons.C. They are talking about one of their friends.13. Why did the man vote （选举）for Charlie?A. Charlie is very handsome.B. Charlie is very humorous.C. Charlie sings very well.14. Which of the following is TRUE of the woman?A. She thinks that Charlie will win.B. She likes Charlie very much.C. She will not vote for Charlie.请听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15. What sport are they talking about?A. Weight-lifting. B. Wrestling. C. Horse-racing.16. How much did she lift on her third attempt?A. 103kg. B. 108kg. C. 111kg.17. How many gold medals did China win on the event?A.Two. B. Four. C. Eight请听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18. How did the speaker and his wife get around in London?A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. On foot.19. Which of the following places havent they been to during their stay in London?A. Buckingham Palace.B The British Museum.C. The National Gall20. What could they do in London that they cant do at home?A. Have some very good meals.B. Go shopping.C. See some very good plays.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALi Hua is currently studying at Cambridge, UK. She has bought a bicycle and is worried about security. Her friend, Kate, found this article and sent it to her.IntroductionA lot of crime is against bicycles. About 150, 000 bicycles are stolen every year and most are never found. You can prevent this happening by following a few careful steps.Basic SecurityDo not leave your bicycle in out-of-the-way places. Always lock your bicycle when youleave. Secure it to lampposts or trees. Take off smaller parts and take them with you,for example lights and saddlesleave（车座）.LocksGet a good lock. There are many different types in the shops. Buy one that has been tested against attack. Ask for a recommendation from a bike shop.MarkingSecurity marking your bike can act as a deterrent to a thief. It can also help the police find your bicycle. It should be clearly written and include your postcode and your house or flat number. This will provide a simple way to identify your bicycle.Registration （登记）There are a number of security companies who will help mark your bicycle for you.They will then put your registration number and personal details on their computer database.Then if your bicycle is found it will be easy to contact you. -FinallyKeep a record of the bicycle yourself: its maker, model and registration number. You can even take a photograph of it. This will prove the bicycle belongs to you.1. Which part of the text gives you information on how to lock up your bicycle when you leave it?A. Registration.B. Marking.C. Basic Security.D. Locks.2. The underlined phrase “act as a deterrent to a thief” means .A. help you recognize your bikeB. help the police find your bicycleC. stop you worrying about your bikeD. stop someone stealing your bicycle3. The article advises you to keep a record of your bicycle _.A. by yourself and in a security companyB. in a security company and your universityC. in the bike shop and your computerD. in the police station and a security company【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A【解析】这是一篇应用文。李华新买了一辆自行车，担心自行车的安全问题。凯特在网上找了一篇关于这方面的文章发给了李华。文章就基本的安全措施、上锁、标记、登记等方面做了说明。【1题详解】细节理解题。由“Basic Security”标题下段落内的内容“Always lock your bicycle when you leave. Secure it to lampposts or trees.”可知，这一段内容提醒读者离开自行车时要将车锁起来。将车锁在电线杆或者树上更安全。所以说这一段内容告诉读者离开自行车时要如何锁车。故选C。【2题详解】词义猜测题。划线短语所在的句子意思为：安全标记你的自行车能给小偷起到威慑的作用。由其后句子的意思“它也能帮助警察找到你的自行车”以及本段最后一句话“这提供了一种简单的方法来辨识你的自行车”可知，安全标记自行车能让我们的自行车很容易被识别出来，可以推知小偷看到这样的车一般也不敢偷，就是可以对小偷起到威慑作用。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。由“Registration”下的内容可知，有很多安全公司会帮你标记你的车。他们会将你的车牌号和个人信息录入电脑系统，如果你的车被找到，他们就可以很容易联系到你。由“Finally”下的内容可知，你最好自己记录下车的信息，这能证明车是属于你的。所以这篇文章建议我们自己记录好车的信息，也在安全公司记录好车的信息。故选A。BWho decided that blue jeans and T-shirts are “cool” for kids to wear today? Who designs the clothes you see for sale in stores? All of these questions concern the world of fashion.Fashion refers to the styles of dress that are currently popular. Fashion goes beyond just clothes, though. Its important for some people to wear only the latest fashions and styles. For others, though, keeping up with trends isnt that important. The one thing that stays the same with fashion is this: it always changes!In the 1960s and 1970s, hippies made bell-bottomed blue jeans popular. In the 1980s, Michael Jackson made parachute pants (降落伞裤) all the fashion. Now try to find these items in todays clothing stores!Why do fashions change? The answer is probably as simple as the fact that people change. Over time, the new replaces the old. People are influenced greatly by popular culture, including athletes, musicians, movie stars, as well as popular films, television shows, books and music. We are also influenced by the fashion industrys advertising.The stars of popular culture are always searching for a new angle to maintain (保持) their popularity. Often these new angles come in the form of new clothing or hairstyles. When people see these new styles, they often want to imitate their favorite stars. To do so, they seek out the latest fashions to make themselves look like the people they want to imitate. In this way, fashions evolve and change over time.For years, clothes have been used to separate people into groups. Even today, brand-name clothing that is more expensive than other types of clothing can be used by some people to distinguish themselves from others.Unfortunately, this can often have the effect of distancing certain groups from others. Dont forget that its always OK to develop your own sense of style that is unique and separate from what the fashion world determines! Stay true to yourself and let your personality not your clothes speak for who you are!4. The examples of bell-bottomed blue jeans and parachute pants in Paragraph 3 suggest that _.A. fashion always changesB. stars are always influentialC. people have different dressing stylesD. hippies and Michael Jackson are good designers5. Fashions change mainly because _.A. advertisements change rapidlyB. popular culture influences peopleC. movie stars are changing over timeD. new films and shows replace the old6. In the last paragraph, the author mainly wants to stress _.A. the advantages of staying uniqueB. the bad effects of following fashionC. the good influences of popular stylesD. the importance of having ones own personality7. We can learn from the text that _.A. fashion is all about clothesB. the author has gone out of fashionC. clothes may separate and distance peopleD. people like imitating others dressing style【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C【解析】试题分析：本文是议论文。作者主要说明了时尚为什么随着时间而改变。【4题详解】A。推理判断题。由第二段中的The one thing thatstays the same with fashion is this: it always changes可知，第三段中的两个例子都在说明：时尚总在变化。故选A。【5题详解】B。细节理解题。由第四段中的People are influencedgreatly by popular culture和第五段的描述可知，时尚在不断变化的原因是流行文化对人的影响极大。故选B。【6题详解】D。推理判断题。由最后一段中的Dont forget that itsalways OK to develop your own sense of style Stay true to yourself and letyour personality not yourclothes speak forwho you are可知，作者主要说明了要有自己独特的时尚感，并且要保持个性。故选D。【7题详解】C。推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的clothes have beenused to separate people into groups和最后一段中的this can often have the effect of distancing certain groups fromothers可知，衣服可以把人分成不同的群体，也可以让不同群体之间的人疏离。故选C。【名师点拨】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。比如，第34小题，D。推理判断题。由最后一段中的Dont forget that itsalways OK to develop your own sense of style Stay true to yourself and letyour personality not yourclothes speak forwho you are可知，作者主要说明了要有自己独特的时尚感，并且要保持个性。故选D。考点：考查议论文阅读CYoure out to dinner. The food is delicious and the service is fine. You decide to leave a big fat tip. Why? The answer may not be as simple as you think.Tipping, psychologists have found, is not just about service. Instead, studies have shown that tipping can be affected by psychological reactions to a series of different factors from the waiters choice of words, to how they carry themselves while taking orders, to the billls total.Even how much waiters remind customers of themselves can determine how much change they pocket by the end of the night.“Studies before have shown that mimicry （模仿）brings into positive feelings for the mimicker, wrote Rick van Baaren, a social psychology professor. These studies show that people who are being mimicked become more generous toward the person who mimicks.So Rick van Baaren divided 59 waiters into two groups. He requested that half serve with a phrase such as, Coming up! Those in the other half were instructed to repeat the orders and preferences back to the customers. Rick van Baaren then compared their takehome pay. The results were clear-it pays to mimic your customer. The copycat （模仿者）waiters earned almost double the amount of tips to the other group.Leonard Green and Joel Myerson, psychologists at Washington University in St Louis, found the generosity of a tipper may be limited by his bill. After research on the 1,000 tips left for waiters, cabdrivers, hair stylists, they found tip percentages in these three areas dropped as customers bills went up. In fact, tip percentages appear to plateau （稳定期）when bills topped $100 and a bill for $200 made the worker gain no bigger percentage tip than a bill for $100.Thats also a point of tipping, Green says. You have to give a little extra to the cabdriver for being there to pick you up and something to the waiter for being there to serve you. If they werent there, youd never get any service. So part of the idea of a tip is for just being there.8. Besides service, how many other fectors（因素）affecting the customers tipping are mentioned in the passage?A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 49. These studies show that .A. tipping can be affected by physical reactions to many different waitersB. the mimic waiters can get almost twice as much money as those who dont mimick othersC. people who are being mimicked usually tip less to the person who mimics themD. mimicry makes the mimicker feel bad10. According to the passage, which of the following will be likely to show the right change of the tip percentages?A. B. C. D. 11. We know from the passage that the writer seems to .A. object to Mr Greens idea about tippingB. think part of Mr Greens explanation is reasonableC. support the opinions of Mr Green and Rick van Baaren about tippingD. give his generous tip to waiters very often【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章向大家介绍了影响顾客消费后给的小费多少的诸多因素。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的内容（心理学家发现，小费不仅仅是关于服务的。 研究表明，顾客对服务员的言辞的选择、点单时服务员的行为甚至对订单总额的心理反应都会影响到小费的多少。）以及第三段内容（甚至服务员提醒了顾客多少也能决定最后的小费的多少）可知，除了服务，影响小费多少的因素还有服务员的言辞、点单时服务员的行为、订单总额以及服务员提醒了顾客多少等四个因素。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第五段中的“The results were clear-it pays to mimic your customer. The copycat （模仿者）waiters earned almost double the amount of tips to the other group.”可知，结果很明显-模仿是有用的。模仿者获得的小费几乎是另一组没有模仿者的两倍。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。由第六段中的“they found tip percentages in these three areas dropped as customers bills went up. In fact, tip percentages appear to plateau （稳定期）when bills topped $100 and a bill for $200 made the worker gain no bigger percentage tip than a bill for $100.”可知，研究者发现，在服务员、出租车司机和理发师这三个领域，当账单上升时小费的比例会下降。实际上，当账单在100美金的时候小费比例趋于稳定，200美金的账单给的小费比例不会高于100美金账单给的小费比例。也就是说，小费随着账单额的升高而降低，在100美金之后趋于稳定。观察图像，与D图像符合。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。这是一篇说明文，由首段中的“The answer may not be as simple as you think.”可知作者认为给的小费多少的理由及原因没有我们想的那么简单，下文就是作者认为有可能的理由。也就说明作者是赞同Mr Green 和 Rick van Baaren 关于小费的研究的。故选C。【点睛】细节理解题是高考阅读中常考题型。本题中的第一题是典型的细节理解题。但是在做这一题时，同学们很容易做错的一点是可能会找出第二段中的影响小费的因素，却忽略第三段中影响小费的因素。避免出现这种遗漏的方法就是分析每段内容或者每段中心意思讲的是什么，这样就不会由于答案不在一个段落内而被落下。DAlthough many online personality tests are fun, only a few will really give you insight into who you are and what you are supposed to be doing with your life.At CareerPlanner. com we believe that each individual （个人），regardless of （不管）race or religion, has a purpose in life, and until you discover what your purpose is, you will not find true happiness, nor true job satisfaction.This doesnt mean you wont be successful. It just means you wont be happy until you are moving towards your true purpose.Unfortunately, our school system does very little to help students discover their true career. This is where online personality tests and career tests can help.Online personality tests and career tests can help you better understand what type of work you should be doing to achieve job satisfaction, happiness, and success.Personality tests are most useful in giving you insight into “how your personality compares to others and “how you like to work.In particular, if you frequently experience difficulty working with others, or getting their support and cooperation, a really good personality test would show you how to get along better.While personality tests are very useful at showing you how you like to work and how you like your work environment, they are not really designed to show you what type of work is right for you.That is where Career Interest Tests come in. Online Career Tests, such as the CareerP offers will help you discover what your true interests are, and what type of work you will be passionate about.But back to personality tests. The most well-established personality tests are the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator R, and the Enneagram.12. The underlined word insight in the first paragraph means .A. theoryB. demandC. understandingD. term13. You cant achieve true job satisfaction unless you .A. find your true purpose in lifeB. choose the best workC. get along well with othersD. adapt to the work environment14. The writers purpose in writing this passage is .A. to present some popular online personality testsB. to tell readers about online personality and career testsC. to tell the differences between some popular online testsD. to persuade people to take online personality or career tests15. What will the writer most probably talk about next?A. The differences between personality tests and career tests.B. The similarities between personality tests and career tests.C. The reasons why personality and career tests are popular.D. The details of the two most well-established personality tests.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了心理测验的重要性以及各种测验的用途，并向大家推荐了几个比较靠谱的测验。【12题详解】词义猜测题。划线单词所在句子意思为：尽管网上很多人格测验是比较有趣的，但是只有很少的几个能让你了解自己是什么样的人以及你的人生中应该做些什么。划线单词与第五段首句中的“help you better understand（帮你更好的了解）”相呼应。这两句话主语都是测验，宾语都是关于自己的职业的内容，所以谓语动词也呼应。A. theory 理论；B. demand要求；C. understanding理解；D. term把叫做。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“until you discover what your purpose is, you will not find true happiness, nor true job satisfaction.”可知，直到你找到你的人生目标，你才会找到真正的幸福，才能有真的工作满足感。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的内容（尽管网上很多人格测验都很有趣，但是没有几个能真正让你了解自己并让你知道你人生中应该做些什么）可知，作者写本文的目的是想让我们了解网上的各种测验。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章结构，最后一段之前的内容为我们讲述了各种测验的重要性及用途，由最后一段中的“But back to personality tests. The most well-established personality tests are”可知，作者接下来可能是要向我们介绍各种测验中做的比较好的测验。首先为我们介绍的就是这两种做的比较好的人格测验。故选D。【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词猜测词义。同学们看到生词猜测词义，可能最熟悉的方法就是在生词前后找到其释义句，再根据释义句推出答案。但是本题我们有一种更为便捷的办法，就是根据文章前后语句间的前后呼应关系解题。一篇文章中，当一个对象有多种用途时，在对它们进行说明时会出现相类似的句式，我们可以根据这种结构上的呼应解题。本题第一题的详解中使用的就是这种方法，大家可以查看。所以在不同的问题中，我们要根据篇章内容结构选用最快捷的办法解题。第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What makes a good school?Im a parent of two elementary s