研究生口语考试话题总结.doc

研究生口语考试话题总结（一）精读课文部分：1. If you are a manager whom would you like to hire? “Key players” or “newbies”? A:HELLOB: nice to meet you.C: nice to meet you too.A: here, I have a question for you. If you are a manager whom would you like to hire? “Key players” or “newbies”?B :I would you like to hire Key playersC: I would you like to hire newbies.A: Please tell the reasons why you choose them.B: I would you like to hire newbies,because college students can bring fresh blood to the company.C: but dont you think they have no experience of work? A: I agree with C . This problem would make a difference to your work. B: It may be costly to train them into skillful workers, but they have some advantages over the key players. Newbies are young, and they can endure hardship. Its easier to shape them into the sort of workers that the company wants. They often demand less. They are more obedient.A:OK . It seems to have some truth. B:So, C, can you tell me your reasons why you want to hire key players?C: If I was a manager, I would hire “key players”. They are much experienced, and adaptive to the new environment in a short time.A:I agree with you very much, C. Most of the “key players” are cooperative, risk-tolerant and good at interpersonal relationships. They can be counted on to take up certain responsibilities. C: yes !that is right! We would save both money and time which otherwise would be spent in the training of newbies.B:It is very reasonable of your opinions. But I have a question. If the managers always want to hire “Key players” the “newbies” would have no chance to have a good job . How can the graduated college students find their ideal jobs?A:In my opinion. the graduated college students should choose the jobs without high salary.C:Yes. It can help “newbies” gain some useful experience approach society.A:For a company, I think it needs to have a certain kind of training courses, for newly graduated students. Usually employees gaining skills through companys training are more loyal than those who have enough experiences already.B:Yes, employees in this kind of companies will have a clear career plan for themselves, they can see what kind of people they would become after working a certain time, and this will increase their loyalty to the company.C: It depends on the size and development of a company. For Top 500 Global corporations of course, they will have a series of training and a complete personnel system and training plans.A：You are right, but for medium-sized companies, they would need to think in more economic ways, they dont necessarily need to invest time and money into newbies whom they dont know if can be trained into qualified or not, however, key players can immediately work according to requirement. B：Well, but key players are more likely to change their jobs. This will also to some extent lead to time and money waste. Whats more, in my opinion, to hire newbies and give them enough chances are closely related to Corporate Social Responsibility. A company shall not only care about the profit, but also their social responsibilities, only by this way, we can achieve the goal of building a harmonious society.C: You are saying something too ideal, and this will take a long time to be realized. We are now discussing a topic in realty. Key players usually have more ideas towards what they do and they are more of innovation which help a company develop rapidly. B: In a short time, this maybe true, but if trained properly, newbies may have more innovated ideas because they are more easily to accept and create new ideas and these ideas may be more beneficial.C: The managers would need to be intelligent enough to search for such kind of newbies.A: Yeah, this is what the managers need to do.B: Exactly, it is their job to find talented employees rather than the experienced ones. C: Yes, but how about talented and experienced ones. They will quickly adapt to new environment and make contribution as fast as possible.A: Both of your opinions are reasonable. Key players and newbies should be given equal chance.2. What do you think is the ideal relationship?A:As the high-speed development of society, the ideal relationship has gain a wide and extensive attention. What do you think is the ideal relationship?B:It is essential for social sustainable development to obtain ideal relationship of interpersonal connection. Especially for close friendship, ideal relationship not only is mutual trust and common progress, but also has same values and visions. All around us, several close friends can hardly acquire ideal relationship, they play computer games together and keep up with the joneses each other unwholesomely, which causes harmful behavioral habits and damages physical health. In my opinion, mutual improvement and getting good physical and mental development are indispensable for ideal relationship of close friendship.What is essential for a long-term relationship?C: It is no denying that keeping trust plays a important role in a long-term relationship, once cheat replace the trust, it is long-term relationship that would not exist. Trust is a bridge connecting each others heart, while cheat is a bottomless chasm. However, not only common language but common interest is required to maintain a stable friendship. Most importantly, it is mutual understanding that reclaim a new land for friendship to grow and mellow. Common interest and trust and mutual understanding is essential for a long-term relationship. People say it is difficult to maintain a long-term relationship nowadays. What do you think of this?A: it is difficult to maintain a long-term relationship in our daily life, there are a mounting number of reasons accounting to this phenomenon. First of all, everyone is selfish and want to get maximum profits from the common cause, therefore it usually damages the harmonious atmosphere so that we cant preserve a long-term relationship. Moreover, currently our society lacks of trust between the two persons, such as food security, drug security, false advertisements and so on. This reasons prompt us not to establish a sustainable long-term relationship. Last but not least, sufficient temptations cant make us firm individual standpoints, which leads to erratic behaviors in a long-term relationship. But I think these reasons cant be excuses of distrust.B: To better solve this problems, more importantly, concerted efforts from governments and individuals are taken urgently, the governments should set a series of laws and regulations so as to norm the social order. For an individual, we should keep a good habit of resisting temptation which is aimed at maintain a long-term relationship.C: Therefore, we should maintain a long-term relationship and an ideal relationship in order to make our life more and more healthy and harmonious. Thats all, thanks.3.What are the factors that cause stress? Is stress good for us or not? Stressful situations. Techniques for reducing stress.A：B, do you often feel stressed?B: yes.A: And what factors do you think cause stress?B: Sometimes the stress comes from inside, rather than outside. Stress comes from lacking of ability. When I feel I cant do something well or I cant finish my work in time, I will be stressed. You even can stress yourself out just by worrying about things.A: C, How do you think?C: first, I think School is the biggest cause of stress especially for students. I always feel stressful before the exams, such as this one. Or before having speeches in front of colleagues. Then comes the jobs stress. Such as Being unhappy in your job, having a heavy workload or too much responsibility, working long hours and working under dangerous conditions.B: I think Family stresses is another important one. Examples are: the death of a loved one, divorce, moving to a new home, and taking care of an elderly or sick family member.C: And any major life change can be stressful - even a happy event like a wedding. More unpleasant events, such as a divorce, major financial setback, or death in the family can be significant sources of stress.A：Yes, since stress is an unavoidable part of life, is it good for us or not? B: In small doses, stress can actually be beneficial to us. Stress can help push us into action. even helping to keep us focused on the problem at hand. For example, exams give us stress while it makes us study harder. This type of stress is good.C: yes, it is only when the stress becomes too great, affecting our physical or mental functioning, that it becomes a problem and require an urgent solution to reduce stress. such as the stress experienced by people with some disabilities.A: Or Being abused as a child.C: yes.A: so we can divide them into two parts, good stress and bad stressed. Most stresses that activate us are considered to be good. And any stress that is long-term and brings about long-term anxiety is considered to be bad for our health. Anything that turns your world upside-down is bad stress. We all want to feel safe and secure, but we cannot always count on things being the same. We experience different things in our lives that turn our world upside down and cause us to feel stress. B, do you know some stressful situations?B: I think death of a loved one makes people stressful. This is something which we can do little about. Many people recover from this stressor and continue with their lives. Others never fully recover. Then comes the major illness. One person being ill does not just affect that person, but everyone around him or her. A major illness is one of the worst stressors we can endure as it can go on for years.C: yes, and Divorce. Even if we are glad to get rid of our ex-partner, divorce is a major stressor in our lives. In addition to causing us to feel stress, it can also stress out our children. Whats more, losing a job often results in depression as well as anxiety. You will probably experience stress after you get a new job.A: And in some cases, happy events such as the birth of a child, marriage, or even a new job can lead to stress. But there is good news still. There are many techniques that can be used to reduce stress in life , do you know some?B: First, you should have a healthy lifestyle. A healthy balanced diet can provide us with the energy we need. Certain foods such as banana can lift mood. Exercise can increase energy and is believed to affect mood and makes us feel happier.C: Relaxation is also important. Sleep a good night sleep helps reduce stress. However, a regular routine with sleep can help, get up at the same time every day. breathing exercises, going for a walk or even having a hot bath. All of this reduces stress levels. A: yes. And when you stressed, you can take a 5-minute break and focus instead on your breathing. Or talking about problems with others.It helps relieve stress and also can help you moving on. 4.Do you think that the basic nature of human beings does not change? Is Human nature good or evil?A:Hi, B! Ive seen you walked out of the library, what have you been studying for recently?B:Oh, hey! My tutor just asked me to do a research, I was trying to search some information in the library.C:Hi, you two! What are you talking about?B:We are discussing about As research.C:Interesting! Whats the topic?A:Peoples opinion on the basic human nature, likeehdoes it change, or, is it good or evilsomething like that.C:Whoa, thats sounds very abstruse. Have you got some researching plans?A:Yes, I decide to make some interviews with different people, and analyze their answerstalking about my plan, oh, Ive got an idea!B:What?A:Since weve met here, you two can just be my interviewers!C:Thats ok! Im glad to help you with your research.B:Im glad, too.A:Thanks! So, do you think that the basic nature of human beings does not change?B:Well, I think basic human nature doesnt change.A:You do? Why?B:I think only the surface that is capable of alteration, improve and refinement. I mean, we can alter only peoples customs, manners, dress and habits.C: I agree with you.B:Moreover, I think no one wishes his nature to change. For example, one may covet the position of President or King, but would not change places with them, unless it meant the continuance of his own identify. C:Yes, nowadays, each man sees himself as unique, and so far as he is concerned the center of the universe, and different from any other individual. When Mr. Smith is mistaken for Mr. Jones, then the one who made mistake should apologize.B:Yes! Thats what exactly I meant! A, what do you think about this problem?A:Me? EhI think every man has a unique character. No two people will ever draw the same conclusions from the same experiences, but each one will analyze them in his own way and fit them into the mosaic of his own lifes pattern. Human nature is ever true itself, not to systems of faith or education. The qualities born in one remain as potentials whether they have a chance to develop or not. They may disappear from view for considerable periods of time when people are under pressure, or change of interest, but nothing can permanently change them, nothing can erase them.C:So, to some extend, we three share the same opinion on this problem!A:Yes! All right, lets move on to the next question. Is Human nature good or evil?C:Good of course! A:Reasons are?C:I think man is perfect when he is born, just as a seed, the spirit is perfect, but when it inhabits human structures, it becomes less perfect, and during its association with the outside world, it shows the mortal weakness, desires and limitations. But the spirit, the inner man, remains untouched and undefiled by evil. Only the outer man, I mean the personality and the physical body, will become imperfect, due to ignorance, wrong thinking and violation of the law of being. The outer man, was originally perfect, too, but man has so desecrated and abused it that today it is far away from the original model.B:Thats true. It explains why behavior attracts attention only when it deviates from the normal. Such as the good neighbor, the conscientious citizen, the kind father and faithful husband pass unnoticed. But the murderer, robber or wife beater is singled out for publicity, because such behavior is unusual.A:Yes! Mans goodness, is revealed by his countless acts of heroism, unselfishness and sacrifice. We often read on the newspaper that people save others at the peril of their own lives. One jumps into the river and rescues a swimmer from drowning; anotherrushes into a burning house and carries a stranger to safety; many give their blood so that others may live. Countless unnamed and unrecorded men have given their lives for their fellowmen, not only on the battlefront but on the home- front as well.C:Absolutly! So the conclusion is: Human nature is good, and it doesnt change!B:Yes!A:Okay, let me write down. Thank you so much, you two have just helped me a lot!B&C: You are welcome!5.What do you think is the purpose of education? Do you want to further your study in an overseas country? Why or why not? Which do you think is more important, higher education or job training?A: Our presentation is like a broadcast program. OK, lets start now.B: Hello, and welcome to The Purpose of Education. Im B. Joining me today is my college A.A: Hello. Im A. Education is always a hot topic for both Chinese and foreign experts to search, but so far, only few people understand why we need to get education? And we invited C, as our guest today. Hi, C!B: Hello C!C: Hi A,B! Hello everyone!B: All right, C, could you talk something about yourself for us?C:My family told me when I was a little girl and I went to school just for my future life, accepting education means to learn knowledge, get a good job, and then have a very happy marriage. A:Yes, not only you, but even for almost any others. If you go to interview some pedestrians on the street, asking them “whats the purpose of education in your mind?” I guess most of their answers would be the same as the one your family has given you. B: But can we dare to say that all the answers are wrong? Absolutely not. For this question of education, Whats your opinion, C?C: Well, first of all, the most traditional understanding of education is teaching you some knowledge, so I think the most fundamental purpose of accepting education is to increase our knowledge and skills, then influence our life, and eventually, change the world. A: Yes, it is . Now for us, school education seems more important, in many peoples eyes, a person accept education good or bad depends on the result of their examination. C: Yeah, all the knowledge that teachers impart in class is all the most basic knowledge we need. I think if we want to study well from teachers, the first thing you have to make clear is what you need. As long as we understand what we do want to learn, then we will have great direction and purpose to learn, naturally we will do it well. B: Maybe, for example, not only myself but also do my classmates favorite class is foreigner teachers class. In their class, we need to improve our oral English, learning more interesting knowledge about the other countries, so in their class, we will learn a lot knowledge what we willing to accept. C: Yes. On the other hand, I think the purpose of education is also to reflect others. That is teaching you how to live your life. I think education with teach you knowledge, more should teach their methods, rather than teaching knowledge but showing the methods may be a better way of practicing education, so after they are leaving school, they still know how to study by themselves. A: You mean the education is the way which teaching us living skills, rig