新概念三册笔记(3).doc

酷兔英语-全球最大的智能化英语训练平台 Lesson 3 An unknown goddess 无名女神【New words and expressions】 生词和短语goddess n. 女神archaeologist n. 考古学家Aegean adj. 爱琴海的explore v. 考察，勘探promontory n. 海角prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的civilization n. 文明storey n. 楼层drainage n. 排水worship n. 崇拜sacred adj. 宗教的，神圣的fragment n. 碎片remains n. 遗物， 遗迹，废墟classical adj. （希腊罗马）古文化的reconstruct v. 修复rest v. 倚放，放置hip n. 屁股，臀部full-length adj. （裙衣）拖地长的graceful adj. 优雅的identity n. 身份goddess n. 女神explore v. 考察，勘探The archaeologists are exploring the cave.exploration n.explorer n.探险家promontory n. 海角prosperous adj. （经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的Our finance is prosperous.thriving 昌盛的，兴旺的booming 蓬勃的，景气的flourishing 繁茂的，健康的civilization n. 文明high level of civilization高度文明civilize v.storey n. 楼层drainage n. 排水worship n. 崇拜respect; admireWho do you worship in th world?warship n. 军舰战船sacred adj. 宗教的，神圣的holy adj. 神圣的，圣洁的solemn adj. 庄严的，庄重的sacred music 圣乐sacred promise 神圣的诺言fragment n. 碎片remains n. 遗物， 遗迹，废墟classical adj. （希腊罗马）古文化的classical music 古典音乐classical education 人文科学教育classic adj. 第一流的This is a classic example of love at the first sight.classic n. 杰作，经典之作reconstruct v. 修复re-重新，再次construct 构造，建造，组织build house 造建筑物put up a tent construct a sentenceconstruct a broken statuaryerect: build high buildings erect monument 建造纪念碑erect clock tower 建造钟楼set up; establish; found 建立Eg: set up students unionestablish a school / rulefound a countryconstruction n.constructive adj. 有教育意义的constructor n. 建设者rest v. 倚放，放置hip n. 屁股，臀部口 在服用兴奋剂，宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士；adj. 通晓的，见闻广的Eg: Hary is a real hip. 玛丽真是赶时髦The guy isnt a hip.这家伙什么都不懂joined at the hip 表示交情极厚的Eg: These two are joined at the hip.shoot from the hip 信口开河Eg: Sorry, I said that I shouldnt have shot from the hip.full-length adj. （裙衣）拖地长的a full-length dressgraceful adj. 优雅的a graceful ladyelegant (behavier)identity n. 身份【Text】 Lesson 3 An unknown goddess 无名女神Listen to the tape then answer the question below.How did the archaeologists know that the statue was a goddess?Some time ago，an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of KeaAn American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia IriniThe city at one time must have been prosperous，for it enjoyed a high level of civilizationHouses-often threestoreys high-were built of stoneThey had large rooms with beautifully decorated wallsThe city was even equipped with a drainage system，for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streetsThe temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of the temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statuewas found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hip. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far,the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.【课文讲解】an interesting discovery：强调discovery， 体现发现这个动作被考古学家做出主动语态难以突出重点 archaeologists made an interesting discovery英文表达：结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述An American team explored a temple whichwhich引导定语从句，修饰限定templewhich stands in an ancient city onwhich = that; stand = lie, situate (vt.) locate (vt.)An American team explored a temple which is located / situated inAn American team explored a temple which lie instand表示高高坐落于，矗立于Eg: She stands 1.75m. / A great tree stands on the mount.The city at one time must have been prosperous，for itfor引导原因状语从句，对主句的附加说明because引导原因状语从句，重点突出原因Eg: The day broke for the birds were singing.at one time:表达曾经，一度；过去时态的标志， oncemust have been 对过去事实肯定的推测enjoyed a high level of civilization. 享有高度文明withEg: a young man with broad shoulders / an old lady with black hairbeautifully decorated 过去分词做定语a beautifully dressed lady衣着漂亮的女士 / a deserted carpark 废弃的停车场a white painted door 被粉刷成白色的门现在分词做定语，被修饰词与修饰词之间为；逻辑主动关系a boy climbing the tree / the students reading in the roomThe city was even equipped with for were foundbe equipped with 配备，装备Eg: the car was equipped with air conditioning.for 引导原因状语从句beneath the narrow streets / under the narrow streetsprep. beneath = under 正下方He is standing under / beneath the umbrella.under:在进行中，under control 控制之中；under discussion 讨论之中；under repairs 修理之中below:在下方，强调斜下方Eg: She is sitting below the window.The temple whichbe used as / be used to be 把用作为Eg:The box was used as a desk in the small village school.The wooden box was used as a bookcase.The wooden box is used to contain books.In the most sacred room ofEach of these represented been painted.represent vt. 代表I represent all the classmates.The body of one statue was founddating 现在分词，修饰remainsthe customs dating from 1990date from 追溯到，从 开始The tradition dates from the time when his grandfather was young.The castle dates from the 14th century.The castle dates back to the century.Its missing head happened to be among remains ofhappen to 强调事情的偶然发生Eg: I happen to have driven that kind of car. 我恰巧开过那种汽车。He happened to find the ticket in his pocket. 他恰巧在口袋里找到那张票。句式：It happens thatEg: It happnes that I met her on my way to workI happened to meet her on my way to workhappen on 巧遇，偶然发现,偶遇Eg: I happend on this old picture in the back of the drawer.Guess, who I happend on while I was in London last month?reconstruct: put together, piece together, restore四个形容词: amazed:very much surprisedsurprised; astonished; amazed; astounded 感到惊讶的，语气递增astonished: much surprisedamazed: very much surprised 惊奇astounded 非常惊讶，尺愕，惊奇to find / to discover / to realizeIm not surprised to see you here.turn out 表明结果 turn out ( to be) + n./adj.Eg: Our party turned out (to be) a successthe concert turned out to be failure.It turned out that 原来是(表示结果)that 从句，或其他名词从句，it 作形式主语Eg: It turned out that the diamond had been in the bank all the time.It turned out that his statement was false.as it turns out 人们后来发现Eg: As it turns out, there was not need to worry.As it turns out, the report was mistaken. 人们后来发现,这篇报告被弄错了。She stood three feet high and her hands rested on th hips.rest on = depend on, lean onHis hand rested lightly on my shoulder.which swept the ground进一步说明拖地的，曳地的despite / in spite of +n. /动名词It is still a problem for the archaeologists up to now.so far,up to now 都是完成时的标志discover her identity: find out he identity【Special difficulties】happen (to) , it happened that【Multiple choice questions】Comprehension 1 The interesting discovery made by the archaeologists was .a. that the city had once been prosperousb. that the temple had been used as a place of worshipc. they found the fifteen statues had been paintedd. that they were not the first to have found the head of the goddessIts missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.1. D2 The city enjoyed a high level of civilization . This is confirmed by the fact that .a. some of the houses were built only one storey highb. a great number of fragments were found in the templec. the city had been built on clayd. advanced techniques had been employed in building and decoratingThis is confirmed by the fact that引导同位语从句，补充说明fact 的内容。be employed in:被应用在方面The city at one time must have been prosperous，for it enjoyed a high level of civilizationHouses-often three storeys high-were built of stoneThey had large rooms with beautifully decorated wallsThe city was even equipped with a drainage system3 In seeking to establish the identity of the reconstructed statue, the archaeologists .a. tried to determine which goddess it representedb. pieced together the fragments they foundc. discovered that it was more modern than any of the other statuesd. wondered whether it belonged to the fifth or the fifteenth centuryin doing sth: 在方面structure 4 The city had once known .(ll.4-5)a, a prosperity b, the prosperous c. the prosperity d. prosperity重点词汇know:知道，认识；经历过，曾经有过（= experience）, 这是一个文学用语，比experience更加正式5 The temple used as a place of worship since Roman times. (ll.9-10)a. was b. has not been c. had been d. was notsince:自从 主句的主干时态为现在完成时6 They found that the goddess turned out to be (ll.14-15)a. surprisingly b. with surprise c. to their surprise d. a surpriseto their surprise:使某人感到惊讶的是 （在句中可做独立的状语，句子的主语不必是某个人）with surprise:惊讶地 （首先，必须与行为动词连用，其次，句子的主语必须是某个人）Eg: To my great disappointment the train had already left.With satisfaction / delight / dismay He smoked his cigarette with satisfaction.He went home with dismay.To our dismay the party proved to be a failure.7 being very old, she was very graceful. (ll.16-17)a. Although b. In spite of c. Even d. Even thoughdespite = in spite of (可以和名词、代词、动名词搭配)8 So far, the archaeologists to discover her identity. (l.17)a. have been impossible b. have not been able c. cannot have been d. could notso far 现在完成时的标志 如果用posible / imposible, 要采用形式主语itit has been impossible for the archaeologists to discover her identity.Vocabulary9 In the most room of the temple(l.10)a. holy b.