初中英语语法_反意疑问句.doc

初中英语语法 反意疑问句反意疑问句是由两部分组成的，前一部分是对事物的陈述（即陈述句），后一部分是简短的提问（即简短疑问句），中间用逗号隔开。如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定疑问句；如果前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑问句。两部分的人称和时态要一致。其回答是用 yes 或 no 来表示。一、含be(is, are, was, were)动词的反意疑问句，需用be的适当形式. You are from America, arent you? Yes, I am. No, Im not. The Green werent at home last night, were they? Yes, they were. No, they werent.注意：1、陈述部分主、谓语是I am.时，反意疑问句用arent I 或aint I ,而不是am not I (可用am I not)。例如：Im working now, arent I? 我在工作，是吗？二、行为动词的一般现在时的反意疑问句,需用do/does的适当形式。 You often watch TV in the evening, dont you? Yes, I do. No, I dont. The first class begins at eight, doesnt it? Yes, it does. No, it doesnt.三、行为动词的一般过去时的反意疑问句，需用did的是适当形式。The rain stopped, didnt it? Yes, it did. No, it didnt. Jims parents didnt go to Hong Kong last month, did they?Yes, they did. No, they didnt.四、一般将来时的反意疑问句，需用will的适当形式。 The boys will play games, wont they? Yes, they will. No, they wont. It wont stop raining, will it? Yes, it will. No, it wont.五、现在完成时的反意疑问句，需用have、has的适当形式。 You have been to Shanghai before, havent you? Yes I have. No, I havent. Jack hasnt done his homework, has he? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.六、现在完成进行时的反意疑问句，、需用have、has的适当形式。 You have been skating for five hours, havent you? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Bob hasnt been collecting kites since 1999, has he? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt.七、含有情态动词的反意疑问句，需用情态动词的适当形式。You can speak French, cant you? Yes, I can. No, I cant.The students must study hard, mustnt they? Yes, they must. No, they neednt.注意：当陈述部分含有情态动词must时，我们便要分析一下must的含义。如果must 作“一定；要；必须”讲，反意疑问句须用mustnt或neednt；而当must作推测意义“一定是；必定”讲时，反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。例如：He must work hard at physics, mustnt he? 他必须努力学物理，是吧？You must go home now, neednt you? Yes, I must. No, I neednt.Tom must be at home，isnt he? 汤姆一定在家，是吧？八、祈使句用于反意疑问句中这种类型较特殊，前一部分是祈使句，后一部分是肯定疑问形式。回答也较灵活。句型1: Lets + 动词原形 + 其它，shall we? 例如: Lets go for a walk, shall we?句型2:其它形式的祈使句，will you（表示请求）或wont you(表示提醒)? Come into the classroom, will you? -OK. Please be careful, will you? Be quick, will you? Dont you be late again, will you? Do it at once , will you? Let me have a try, will you?Let us leave now ,will you?九、感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句常根据其主、谓语来确定。例如： How time flies , doesnt it ? How tall the buildings are , arent they? How hard its raining, isnt it ? What a tall man , isnt he ? What tall buildings, arent they? What an old picture, isnt it?十、陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时，反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如：Something is wrong with my radio, isnt it? 我的收音机出毛病了，是吧？十一、陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如：Everyone is here, arent they? 大家都到了，是吗？No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事，对吗？十二、陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如：This is a plane, isnt it? 这是一架飞机，是吗？These are grapes，arent they? 这些是葡萄，是吗？十三、当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：few, little, seldom，hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如： You have never been to Beijing, have you? Yes, I have. No, I havent. Mr. Fat has few friends here, does he? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt. There is little milk in the bottle, is there? Yes, there is. No, there isnt. He could do nothing, could he? Yes, he could. No, he couldnt.但是，当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的，其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如：It is unfair, isnt it? Its impossible , is it ? 十四、当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用it。例如：What you need is more important, isnt it？你需要的东西更重要，是吧？十五、当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose.)that. 结构时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致，主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如：I dont think he will come, will he? 我认为他不会来，对吗？I believe they can finish the work in time ,can they?十六、have(has)不是“完成时态”时，其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。例如：They had a meeting just now，didnt they? 他们刚才开了个会，是吗？You have to water the vegetables every day, dont you?你每天都要浇菜，对吧？He has to stay at home, doesnt he? They had to start at once ,didnt they?十七、陈述部分是there be句型时，其反意疑问句中要用there。例如：There arent any children in the room, are there? Yes, there are. No, there arent. There will be a basketball match tomorrow, wont there? Yes, there will.No, there wont.十八、陈述部分有had better时，反意疑问句中要用had 。例如：We had better go to school at once, hadnt we? 我们现在最好马上去上学，好吗？ They had better not go out at night, had they?十九、陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语可以用one，也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如：One shoul