典型例题及解析八.doc

典型例题及解析八题1 变成否定句，一般疑问句并做肯定和否定回答1We are middle-school students. 我们是中学生。答：We arent middle - school students. Are you middle - school students? Yes, we are. No, we arent. 连系动词（to be）am is are的变化形式：肯定句：主语+be +表语（合成谓语）否定句：主语+be not+表语疑问句：Be + 主语+表语Yes, 主语+be 主语+ be not 注：be not的缩写is not = isnt are not=arent am not不可缩写为amnt I am not=Im not 2The girl looks like her mother. 这女孩长得像她妈妈。答：The girl doesnt look like here mother. Does the girl look like her mother? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt. 连系动词的另一种表达方式：turn, get, become, grow, feel, sound, look, taste, smell等，变否定句、疑问句、回答时与行为动词变化相同。3The boys often play football on the playground. 男孩们经常在操场上踢足球。答：The boys dont often play football on the playground. Do the boys often play football on the playground? Yes, they do. No, they dont. 行为动词（to do）的变化形式：肯定句：主语+谓语动词否定句：主语+ dont +动词原形疑问句：Do + 主语 + 动词原形Yes, 主语+ do No, 主语+dont 4Tom watches TV every day. 汤姆每天看电视。答：Tom doesnt watch TV every dayDoes Tom watch TV every day? Yes he does. No) he doesnt主语是第三人称单数时的变化形式：肯定句：主语（三单）+谓语（动词的第三人称单数形式）否定句：主语（三单）doesnt+动词原形疑问句：Does+主语（三单）+动词原形Yes，主语+does No，主语+doesnt5I have some new books. 我有些新书。答：I havent any new books. (I dont have any new books. I have no new books.) Have you any new books?行为动词（to have）的第三人称单数是has。注：（l）I am not可缩写为Im not，不可缩写为 amnt. （2）肯定回答不缩写：Yes，I am不可以Yes，Im；Yes，I do不可以Yes，Ido。（3）否定回答一般都缩写：No，we arent. No，Im notNo，I dont. （4）have no后不可有冠词 any或 some。（5）问什么答什么：Do问一do答，Be问一be答，Have问一have答。（6）名词问用相应的代词答。题2 汉译英。1我们每天七点钟到校。We come to school at seven every day.一般现在时，表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。常与often, always, usually, sometimes, every+名词等连用。2太阳从东方升起，西方落下。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.一般现在时，表示客观事实或普遍真理。3她说，光比声传播得快。She said that light travels faster than sound.虽然主句是过去时said，但因宾语从句是客观事实，故永远用一般现在时。4如果明天不下雨我去长城。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go to the Great Wall.if引导的从句用一般现在时代替将来时。5他一回来，我就把它交给他。Ill give it to him as soon as he comes back.引导 as soon as的时间状语从句用一般现在时代替将来时。6明天我的女儿动身去大连。My daughter leaves for Dalian tomorrow.表示安排或计划好的将来的动作。用一般现在时，只限于某些表示来、去、动、停，开始等的动词。如：go, start, leave, come, begin, return, stop, want动词，区别于进行时代替将来时。7铃响了。There goes the bell.有些倒装句都用一般现在时。例：Here he comes. Here comes the headmaster.题3 用括号中动词的适当形式填空。1. He _ (go) to the park on Sundays.2. _they_ (like) China?3. Lucy _ (not like) meat at all.4. The students _ (have) an English class every day.5. _ your father _ (speak) French well ? No, he6. My grandpa often _ (watch) TV in the evening.7. If I _ (have) time tomorrow, I _ (go) with you.8. Please _ (tell) her as soon as you _ (see) her tomorrow.9. Miss Gao _ (not have) lunch at school. She _ (have) it at home.10. Tom often_(do) his homework at the table.现在进行时题析题1 变成否定句，一般疑问句并作肯定句和否定回答。1. We are having an English class now.答：We arent having an English class now.Are you having an English class now?Yes, we are. No? we arent.解析：肯定句：主语+助动词be+现在分词否定句：主语+be not + 现在分词疑问句：Be + 主语+ 现在分词 Yes, 主语+be. No，主语+be not表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，常与now连用。2. My brother is watering flowers in the garden.答：My brother isnt watering flowers in the garden.Is your brother watering flowers in the garden?Yes, he is. No, he isnt.注：助动词be + 现在分词构成谓语部分，be根据主语决定。题2 用括号中动词的适当形式填空。1. Look! The dog _ (run) after the cat.答：is running, look! 是判断进行时的标志，只有正在跑才能看到。2. Listen! Lily _ (sing) in the next room.答：is singing, listen! 是进行时的标志，只有正在唱，才能听到。3. What _ you _ (do) now? Im writing a letter.答：are.doing。根据答语判断时态。4. Where is Kate? She _ (climb) the hill over there.答：is climbing。此题是根据题意理解。5. Its six oclock in the morning. The Blacks _ (have) breakfast.答：are having。特定时间进行的动作，用进行时。总结判断进行时的方法：（1）now, at the moment（此刻）。但：I must go now（虽有now，must后必须用原形go）（2）以不及物动词（vi.）look，listen开头的句子。（3）根据上下文。（进行时间，进行时答）（4）特定时间正在进行的动作。（见题5）（5）根据题意理解。（见题4）题3 英译汉并说明含意。1. How are you feeling today?你今天觉得怎么样？用进行时表示比 How do you feel today更亲切。2. Tom is doing well in maths.汤姆数学学得好。用进行时表示比 Tom does well in maths。更有赞美的意思。3. He is always thinking of others.他总是想着别人。always与进行时连用表示赞叹。4. He is always talking in class.在课堂上他总是说话。always与进行时连用表示厌烦。5. The moneys are always running and jumping.猴子不停地跑啊，跳啊。always与进行时连用表示反复的动作。6. Mr Liu is always beginning his lessons.刘先生开始上课了。用进行时表示情况的不断发生。总结（1）现在进行时表示具有感情色彩赞叹厌烦表扬，批评等。（2）表示反复动作，此种用法常与always连用。（3）进行时态通常用于持续性动词，如用于瞬间动词，则往往表示即将、重复行动。例：He is always leaving things about. （批评）他总是到处扔东西。Why are you always making the same mistake？（批评）你为什么总是犯同样的错误？We are eating potatoes these days . 这些天，我一直在吃土豆。He is always working late（表扬）他总是工作到很晚难点释疑1.【原句再现】Can I get you something to drink? 【疑问】get能否用bring代替？【解惑】get = go and bring，意为去取，常用作get sb. sth. =get sth. for sb.。如：Please get me a glass of water. = Please get a glass of water for me. 请给我取杯水来。bring只表示拿来，指从别处带过来。如：Bring me the book, please. 请把书给我带来。可见，此句中的get不能用bring代替。2【原句再现】Do you have a big breakfast? 【疑问】一日三餐前不用冠词，为何用a big breakfast?【解惑】一日三餐前一般不加冠词。如：I have lunch at home. 我在家吃午饭。但当前面有形容词修饰时，一般要加冠词。如：have a small breakfast早饭吃得少。3【原句再现】She is wearing a nice dress. Were going to New York. 【疑问】She is wearing a nice dress. 并没有指正在发生的动作，为什么用现在时行时态？Were going to New York. 是进行时，为什么不表示正在进行的动作？【解惑】这涉及到现在进行时的用法，它不仅表示正在发生的动作，还可表示现阶段存在的状态。She is wearing a nice dress. 意为她穿着漂亮的连衣裙。在英语中，表示短暂动作的动词如go, come, leave等，可用进行时表示即将发生的动作。再如：Im coming, Mum. 妈妈，我就来！4【原句再现】All the other children in the class are Chinese. 【疑问】句中all是什么词？该怎样用呢？【解惑】all在此句中为形容词，意为所有的、全部的，作定语修饰名词时，如：All the boys are fifteen. 所有的男生都是15岁。注意：all用作定语时，要放在定冠词、指示代词或形容词性物主代词前。如：all these books, all his sons等。5【原句再现】-May I have a look at your ticket? -Here it is. 【疑问】句中的Here is it. 与Here you are. 有何区别？【解惑】Here it is.与Here you are.虽均是交给对方东西时的常用交际口语，但应注意二者的正确使用。当给对方的东西是单数时，Here it is. =Here you are. 如：a. JIM: Give it to me, please. LUCY: Here you are. (=Here it is.)(P8)b. WOMAN: May I have a look at your ticket? WANG LING: Here it is. (=Here you are.)(P33)当给对方的东西是复数时，则只能用Here you are.如：DAD: Can you bring them here? I want to put these books in them. TED: Sure! Here you are. (如换为Here it is.则为错)(P72) 单句改错乱中取胜记住以下几点，做题时便会迎刃而解：一、扫描全句 寻找信息单句改错一般有四处划线，其中有一处是错的。首先，你要做到“扫描”全句，寻找信息。围绕划线处，结合句意，分析句子的结构，从而找出错误的地方。如：Here sister is good at swim. A B C D【分析】A与B处由人称搭配可看出无错，C处与is good构成固定搭配，也没错那么只能是D项错了。再细看be good at这个短语中，at为介词，不能接动词原形应接v-ing形式。所以，swim应改为swimming（注重双写m）。二、特殊句式 寻根问底有些句子是某种句式给“变形”运用，只要仔细观察，就会发现错误之处。如：Its time have supper. A B C D【分析】“扫描”全句不难发现。这是个固定句式，其结构为：It is time + to + 动词原形+其它。正确答案为：C have to have.三、抓住关键 不怕题难改错题常常是对词汇、语法的综合考查，做题时要抓住关键词仔细判断看它属于哪类错误（句法、词法和语法）以便对症下药。如：Can you fly a kite? Yes, I amA B CD【分析】D。（关键词）开头的句子，答语中一般还用can。正确答案为：amcan。又如Arent throw it like that. A B C D【分析】由句中无主语可推知它是祈使句，throw是动词原形，那么否定式应为Dont。正确答案为：ArentDont。四、细心核查 以防错判句中错项改过之后，须将正确的句子诵读数遍，检查句子结构是否准确，意思是否符合逻辑。如：Dont let him to play cards. A B C D【分析】假如你选A项有错，将其改为Arent。那么在草稿上再写出Arent let him to play cards. 一看便知原来A是对的。若去掉C项则变成：Dont let him play cards. 再一看，这才是正确的答案。因为它符合“let + 宾语+动词原形”的表达结构。病句辨与析改正下列对话中的错误，将正确答案写在各行相应的横线上。没有错的不改，只在横线上打“”。A: Hi, Li Pin! You early today! 1._B: Yes, I come to school early everyday. 2._A: What time do you get up in weekdays?At seven oclock? 3. _B: No, thats late too. I get up at 6:30. 4. _A: Oh, but I get up usually at seven. I live near my school. 5. _I can eat lunch at home. Do you have lunch at home, too? 6. _B: No, I usually have lunch at school. After 7. _lunch I often play games and my friends. 8. _A: Thats good! What about Wu Dong?B: I think he has lunch at home. Hes home is near here. 9. _A: Oh, Miss Gao is coming. Its time for have our English class. 10. _B: Lets go in.【答案及简析】1early前加are，early是形容词，作谓语要用“be + 形容词”形式；2everyday改为every day，前者是“日常的”、“每天的”，作形容词用，后者才是“每天”；3in改为on，weekdays与“星期几”的名称一样，前面要用介词on；4late too改成too late，too表示“太”时，要放在被修饰词前；5usually应放在get前；6，与三餐（breakfast，lunch，supper）搭配使用；表示“吃”时，习惯上用动词have，也可以用eat；7；8and改为with，表示“与某人一起”要用介词with，不能用and；9Hes改为His，hes是he is的缩写，his才是“他的”；10for改为to或have改为having。易混词辨练 1. I have _ book.A. an B. some C. many R a2. Its _ when(当时) the sun is in the day.A. day time B. sunshine(阳光)C. Sunday D. morning3. He is an _boy.A. Chinese B. JapaneseC. Australia D. France4. _ is the first day of a week.A. Monday B. SaturdayC. Sunday D. Friday5. The room is “_