初一英语：形容词副词的用法.doc

XXXX教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号_ 学员编号： 年 级:初一 课时数及课时进度： 学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 学科组长签名及日期 家长签名及日期课 题形容词和副词的用法授课时间： 备课时间： 教学目标形容词和副词的比较级和最高级以及运用重点、难点形容词和副词的用法考点及考试要求形容词和副词的运用教学内容 Step I Review Step II 一形容词和副词的定义形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。比如：beautiful girl tall building 副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。比如：Please write slowly and carefully. You should study much harder. 你能够再举一些例子吗？综合运用一、写出下列单词的反义词。good_ new _ young _ tall _ black_ cold_ warm _ right_ small_ easy_ 二、选择合适的词用适当的形式填入空格。far heavy busy useful cheap primary long famous usually good1. The box is too _, so I cant carry it.2. The dictionary is very _. It will help you a lot3. Tom is only nine years old. He studies in a _ school.4. He comes from America, and he can speak English _.5. How _ is the Yellow River?6. I _ go to bed at 10 in the evening.7. Hawaii is _ for its beautiful beaches8. My father is very _. Everyday he goes out at 7 and returns at after 11 in the evening.9. My house is _ away from my school. I want to live in a nearer place.10. I want to buy a new cell phone, but its not _.二几个并列的形容词修饰名词，其语序通常为：限定语（The、A）+ 描绘性形容词 + size（大小）+ shape（形状）+ age（年龄、时间）+ color（颜色）+ origin（国籍、来源）+ material（材料）+ purpose（目的）+ 名词。如：a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella可以用“Opshacom”记忆或者用“县官行令宴国材”注意：以-ly结尾的词性以-ly结尾，但却是形容词：lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely等。表愿意（无-ly）和引申意(有-ly)的副词： deep深 wide宽广 high高 low位置低 deeply深入地 widely广泛地 highly高度地 lowly地位卑微有无-ly意义大不相同的副词：dead完全，绝对be dead asleep deadly非常be deadly tired pretty相当be pretty certain that prettily漂亮地be prettily dressedclose近Dont sit close. closely密切地Watch closely! late晚、迟arrive late, come late lately最近I havent seen him lately(recently).三、形容词与副词的比较级与最高级1、当我们需要对两个事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：sth + be动词 (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ another thing I am taller than you. This room is smaller than that one.注意1.比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西.典型错误:My hair is longer than you.My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair. （）2. 表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如even、a lot、a bit、a little、still、much、far、yet、by far等修饰。如：He works even harder than before.2、最高级：三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。如：Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.He works (the) hardest in his class.最高级可被序数词以及much、by far、nearly、almost 、by no means、not quite、not really、nothing like等词语所修饰。如：This hat is by far / much / nearly / almost / not nearly / by no means / not quite / nothing like the biggest.表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent、extreme、perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。如：He is the tallest(boy)in his class.3形容词的比较级和最高级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是: 一般的直接在词尾加er和est ,如 tall taller-tallest , strong - stronger -strongest, 以e结尾的,直接加r和st，如 fine finer -finest, 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er、est，如funny funnier-funniest 双写最后的字母再加er、est，如big bigger-biggest, thin thinner-thinnest ,hot hotter-hottest 多音节词语在前面加more和most，如interesting-more interesting-most interesting, beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful 部分形容词的比较级和最高级不规则，如good-better-best, bad-worse-worst, much/many-more-most, little/few-less-least练习：一、写出下列词语的比较级和最高级easy-_ dirty-_ different-_ poor-_ busy-_ popular-_ lucky-_ cold-_ delicious-_ happy-_ messy-_ clean-_二、用所给词的适当形式填空1. She feels _(happy) today than yesterday.2. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ child.3. Dick sings _(well), she sings _(well )than John, but Mary sings _(well) in her class.4. Which is _ (easy) to learn, Chinese or English?5. Mum, this T-shirt is too small for me, could you buy me a _(big) one?6. Of all his subject, Tom is _(good) at English.7. She is becoming _ (beautiful) than before.8. It will be bad for your health to eat _(much) food and take _(little) exercise.四、形容词和副词前面使用冠词的情况。形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词，副词最高级前可不加冠词。形容词最高级前有时加不定冠词，或不加冠词，不表比较，表示“非常”。如：He is a most clever young policeman.(a most=very)The film is most interesting.(most=very)表示两者间“较的一个”比较级前加the。如：who is the older of the tow boys?在same前一般要加the。有些形容词前加the 成为名词。如the poor、the rich 等。Step IV: 巩固练习1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fredbut _ (tall) than Fred. 2. Yingtian is not as _ (tall) as Yongxian. 3. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before after the summer holidays. 4. Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken? 5. - How _ (tall) is Sally? - Shes 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling? -She s only 1.40 metres _ (tall). She is much _ (short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short) girl in the class. 6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths.He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English. 7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world. 8. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think.9. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.10. An orange is a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than awatermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _ (beautiful) than her sister.13. My room is not as _ (big) as my brother s.14.-How difficult is physics? -I m not sure. - Is it _ (difficult) than maths? - I don t think so.15.- Annie plays the piano very _ (well). - Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _ (well).16. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.17. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat). 18. Practise as _ (much) as you can. 19. The _ (much), the _ (good).20. Nowadays(现在) English is _( important )than any other subject, 1 think. 21. Most of the students think a lion is much _(dangerous) than a bear and it is the _ (dangerous) animal in the world. Homework用所给词的正确形式填空：1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever).2. Gold(黄金) is _ (little) useful than iron(铁).3. My sister is two years _ (old ) than I.4. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child.5. The _ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.6. The short one is by far _ expensive of the five.7. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother.8. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings_(well) in her class.9. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house.10. This dress is _ that.(twice, asas, expensive) (三)选择填空：1 He feels _ today than yesterday.A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like _, coffee, tea or milk?A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst3. Of the two toys, the child chose_. A. the expensive one B. one most expensive C. a least expensive D. the most expensive of them4. The line is _ than that one.A. more longer B. not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer5. The earth is _ the moon. A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger as C. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 times6. The book is _ of the two.A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest7. She looks _ than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older8. The garden is becoming _.A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautifulC. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler9. They competed（比赛） to see who could work _.A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the better C. fastest and better D. faster and better10._ hurry, _speed.A. More, less B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much, the little11. This kind of coffee is different _.A. and it is also better B. and better than the other C. but also than others D. from the other, and better (四)翻译句子：1 本书跟那本书一样有趣。This book is _ _ _ that one.2 你游泳没有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ _ _ your brother.3 今天比昨天冷的多。It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday.4 对这个故事我比另一个喜欢的多。This story is _ _ _ than that one.5 他比我大两岁。He is _ _ _ than I. 6 这个故事不如那个有趣。This story is _ _ _ than that one.7 她的身体状况一天天好起来。He is getting _ _ _ every day.8. 他对英语越来越感兴趣。He is becoming _ _ _ _ _ English.9. 他吃的越多，人越胖。The more he eats, the _ he gets.10. 你的问题四两个中比较难的那个。Your question is _ _ _ of the two. （一）When we were having an English test this morning, I felt somebody was watching me a little too closely. I turned my 41 quickly and saw Jack, who sat right behind me. My eyes caught 42 and he said very quietly,