变速器外文资料翻译.doc

外文资料翻译学生姓名： 常 世 鹏 专业班级： 车辆工程07级5班 指导教师： 朱 天 军 河北工程大学机电学院2011 年 6 月Dual-clutch transmission technology highlightsTransmission technology motor vehicles as a whole is shifting from manual to automatic transmission development, especially at this stage of rapid development of computer technology used in variable-speed transmission system, so that the car automatic transmission technology has been rapid development. In recent years, the automotive automatic transmission there are three main types: mechanical electronic control automatic transmission (AMT), Stepless automatic transmission (CVT) automatic transmission and hydraulic machinery (AT). In the electronically controlled automatic transmission in the field of mechanical, in recent years, there is a new variable-speed transmission, that is, double-clutch automatic transmission speed (Dual Clutch Transmission), due to both inherited and the AMT structure manual transmission easy to install Compact space, light weight, high-efficiency drive, many of the advantages of low manufacturing costs, and the integration of AT under the uninterrupted power, the rapid shift of the good characteristics of a smooth, quickly became the industrys R & DCT will be the new hot spot for a certain On the degree of change to the existing transmission market. In the next few years, the global transmission of light vehicle market will be AT, CVT, and between the DCT. Dual-clutch transmission technology development and application of the history of the status quo: Dual-clutch transmission (DCT) to the concept of the 1960s are now history. As early as 1939 in Germany to apply for the Kegresse.A first dual-clutch gearbox of the patent, a manual transmission will be divided into two parts, the design concept, part of the odd file transfer, even another part of the file transfer. And the transmission of power through the linking of the two clutch two input shaft, adjacent to the file of passive gear and the two staggered mesh gear input shaft, with two clutch control can be achieved without cutting off power conversion of the transmission ratio, thus shortening the Shift time, effectively enhance the quality of transmission, The transmission has been carried out in the cargo on board the pilot, was limited to the control of technology, such transmission has not deployed mass production. Then in the 1980s, Porsche is also dedicated to the invention of the cars dual-clutch gearbox (PDK), but it will not DCT technology into mass production. Dual-clutch transmission characteristics of the structure and working process Structural characteristics: Dual-clutch gearbox are built by the clutch set off by the two-device manual transmission based on the three-axis variable-speed gear system, automatic transmission agencies, electronically controlled hydraulic control system. Input shaft assembly by a solid axle shaft and its external sleeve combination of the two-input drive system, odd and even stall the drive gear stalls were arranged in both input shaft. Clutch with a solid input shaft linked to control the odd file, with 2 clutch sleeve (hollow) associated input shaft, and even control file. The two take turns to double- clutch drive system transfer power. The power of the output shaft is the difference between the two, the output shaft to achieve a low profile when the power output, the root of another high-speed shaft and reversing the power output file, the output shaft of the two power transmission and have the final output axis Together, will transfer power to the wheels, in addition Biansuchilun group on the layout did not adopt the traditional layout, Biansuchilun the place is not in accordance with the order of the stalls, so that the two stalls in the adjacent Transmission Gear will no longer share a synchronizer, which is to achieve a seamless transfer of power to provide technical assurance. Process: When the car stalls put up a running start, the odd file to control the input shaft through a clutch, so that the odd file to connect the solid input shaft rotation, a file-synchronization automatically with the low profile of a file output shaft gear mesh, with Low-speed file-axis output. In the low end of the output shaft of a helical gear, helical gear will rely on the power output to the differential, the longer the end to the output shaft. In a file synchronization and file a gear meshing with the same time, file sync 2 devices are electronically controlled components and under the control of the 2-phase meshing gears file, in the work of stand-by status. 2 files look at the power transmission line, when the transmission linked to a file, even control the input shaft of the gear clutch 2 is separated, so at this time in the engine and disconnect the power completely, even at this time to connect the sets of files Cylinder (hollow) input shaft 2, although the files will be driven by the gear rotation, but it is entirely in the other with the odd file with the gears turning, no power output only for the next file or prepared to do . Therefore, even stall the input shaft will not enter the file on the odd-numbered axle of the interference caused by power, high-speed file will follow the output shaft rotation, but also in a state of idling, there is no power output, so there is no power output The occurrence of any power to interfere with each other. 2 files into the transmission, when the clutch down a file from a file at the same time, clutch 2 connection, put up 2 files at the same time, 3 and file in advance, so for the work carried out so that in gearbox into the file and pick Did not file space. Therefore, DCT transmission in the course of the work always is a combination of 2 stalls, is a work, and the other to prepare for the next step. Even the control file in the clutch ECU control, and engine power output, control input file odd-numbered axle of the clutch and engine output disconnect, it completed the input shaft of the power switch, the process, Clutch two entirely at the same time, and no longer as the traditional single-clutch gearbox, clutch and engine in the power output disconnect, there will be power interruption. At the conclusion of the second gear power switch at the same time, control of third gear synchronizer will be in control of the electronic control components, and third gear box Biansuchilun mesh, so that the third gear transmission gear on standby. In addition to the file or when, DSG will stall at a higher state of readiness, speeding in the file, the file can also be reduced for the realization of standby time to speed up the files decline. As the DCT is based on the axis parallel to the development of the manual transmission, it inherited the manual transmission in the transmission efficiency, space for the installation of compact, light weight, low prices at the same time, but also has automatic transmission and shift quality start Good character, have broad prospects for development and promote the use of significant advantages, mainly in the following areas: DCT is almost free from restrictions on transfer of power can be widely used in a variety of vehicles. DCTs production costs low. As the DCT is based on the manual transmission from the development of power transmission is still relying on the clutch and gear, the complexity of the low gear of the domestic parts and components manufacturers more mature technology, most of the transmission manufacturer has some technical basis. DCT for the development of technology to provide the conditions. DCTs production through the existing file manual transmission lines will be used to transform a little, so for the manual transmission plant product upgrade cycle short, fewer new investments, production of a good inheritance. As the transmission needs of a wide range, DCT technology (ten technical gear automatic transmission technology) application will not only be limited to automotive transmission, transport machinery in other industries, can produce the same effect of the application. Chinas automobile industry started relatively late, at this stage of the production line has more to the production of manual transmission file-based, in the automatic transmission is in a high growth period, the domestic automotive automatic transmission in the mainly rely on imports, the development of products that improve the DCT Chinas self-developed automatic transmission capacity will certainly have a positive role in promoting. At the same time, and also to adapt our industrial base.汽车变速系统技术研究汽车变速系统技术整体上是由手动换档向自动换档发展，尤其是现阶段高速发展的计算机技术应用于换档变速系统，使汽车自动变速技术得到了快速的发展。近年来，汽车自动变速器主要有三种型式:电控机械自动变速器(AMT)、无级自动变速器(CVT)和液力机械自动变速器(AT)。在电控机械式自动变速器领域，近年来又出现了一种新的变速传动方式，即双离合器式自动变速传动(Dual Clutch Transmission)，由于它既继承了AMT和手动变速器的结构简单、安装空间紧凑、重量轻、传动效率高、制造成本低等许多优点，又融合了AT下不间断动力、迅速平稳换挡的良好特点，很快便成了业界研究开发的新热点DCT将会在一定程度上改变现有的变速器市场格局。未来几年，全球轻型车变速器市场的竞争将在AT、CVT和DCT之间展开。双离合器变速器技术发展历史及应用现状:双离合器变速器(DCT)的概念到目前已经有六七十年的历史。早在1939年德国的Kegresse.A第一个申请了双离合器变速器的专利，提出了将手动变速器分为两部分的设计概念，一部分传递奇数档，另一部分传递偶数档。且其动力传递通过两个离合器联结两根输入轴，相邻各档的被动齿轮交错与两输入轴齿轮啮合，配合两离合器的控制，能够实现在不切断动力的情况下转换传动比，从而缩短换档时间，有效提高换档品质，该变速器曾经在载货车上进行过试验，限于当时的控制技术，这种变速器并没有投入批量生产。随后在20世纪80年代，保时捷也发明了专用于赛车的双离合变速器(PDK)，但也未能将DCT技术投入批量生产。双离合器变速器的结构特点及工作过程结构特点：双离合器变速器是由两个离合器集合而成的双离合装置、基于手动变速器的三轴式齿轮变速系统、自动换档机构、电子控制液压控制系统组成。输入轴总成是由一个实心轴及其外部套筒轴组合而成的双传动输入系统，奇数档位和偶数档位的传动齿轮分别布置在这两个输入轴上。离合器1与实心输入轴相联，控制奇数档，离合器2与套筒(空心)输入轴相联，控制偶数档。两个离合器轮流向双传动系统传递动力。而动力的输出轴也是有分别的，一根输出轴实现低速档时的动力输出，另一根轴实现高速和倒车档的动力输出，两根输出轴的动力都要和变速器的最终输出轴联动在一起，将动力输送到车轮上，此外在变速齿轮组的布置上也没有采用传统的布置方式，变速齿轮的放置并不是按照档位的顺序排列的，这样相邻两个档位的变速齿轮就不会再共用一个同步器，这更是为实现动力的无缝传递提供了技术保证。工作过程:当汽车挂上1档起步行驶时，控制奇数档输入轴的离合器1接通，使连接奇数档的实心输入轴转动，1档同步器自动与低速档输出轴上的1档齿轮啮合，实现与低速档输出轴联动。在低速输出轴的末端有一斜齿轮，依靠这个斜齿轮将动力输出到差速器，再传递给最终输出轴。在1档同步器和1档齿轮相啮合的同时，2档同步器也在电控组件的控制下和2档齿轮相啮合，处于工作待命状态。再看2档的动力传输路线，当变速器