高考英语专项之非谓语动词用法总结及真题演练原创.doc

5高考英语专项之 非谓语动词用法总结Sunlight will undoubtedly appear after storms, no matter how long and heavy the storms are.非谓语动词用法总结时态 语态主动被动一般式动词不定式to doto be done动名词doingbeing done进形式动名词doingbeing done完成式动词不定式to have doneto have been done动名词having done(先于主句)having been done过去分词：done, being done, to be done, to have been done, having been doneII. 动词不定式、动名词用法要点讲解一. 做主语 不定式作主语 To see is to believe. 动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种： (1)把不定式置于句首。如： To get there by bike will take us half an hour. (2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如： Itbe名词to do Its our duty to take good care of the old. It takes sb + some time + to do How long did it take you to finish the work? Itbe形容词for /of sbto do It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says. There is no need to do sth. 没必要去做某事 动名词做主语 Learning without practice is no good. Seeing is believing. Its +no good(no use, fun , a waste of time/ money/energy )+doing Its no use crying over spilt milk.Its no good reading in dim light. Its a waste of time spending so much time on something that is not meaningful.题组训练A：1.(2011上海卷) 27. Its no use _ without taking action.A. complainB. complaining C. being complained D. to be complained2.（2011北京卷）25. Its important for the figures _ regularly. A. to be updatedB. to have been updated C. to updateD. to have updated3.Its no good _ here. Lets go home. A. to waitB. waitedC. waitingD. being waited4.翻译：你没必要熬夜来看这场比赛。 5.熬夜网上冲浪是一件浪费时间和精力的事情。 二、作宾语 不定式作宾语 以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。如：agree, ask, aim, arrange（安排）, choose, decide, demand（要求）, expect, fail ,help, hope, ,manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wishWhen our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot. 介词but, except, + to do(do) 在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do的形式，后面应接不带to的不定式（动词原形）；另外还有can not choose but do sth, can not help but do sth, can not but do sth.(只能做。) 题组训练B：用括号里动词的适当形式填空。1.My father promised (give) me a big surprise, if I can be admitted into a key university in 2013. 2.The enemy soldiers had no choice but in (give up）.3.On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but TV（Watch）4.Yao Ming has decided (retire), which makes many fans like me so sad.5.Yao Ming is said to consider (retire) because of health problem.动名词作宾语 以下动词后，只能接动名词作宾语，如：admit, appreciate（感激，欣赏）, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, mind, miss, practise, resist（抵制）, risk（冒险）, , suggest, dont mind, give up, insist on, put off，miss等。如： 固定句式：have difficulty(in) doing, 做.存在困难 prevent/stop(from)doing, 阻止.做某事（its）there is no use(in)doing，做。于事无补 be busy donging sth等。 忙于做某事题组训练C1.I suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside town.2.English is a beautiful language that you will enjoy (learn).34.没用什么能阻止我向梦想前进 5.今日事今日毕（put off） 3. 部分动词后面，既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，意义不变。如：begin, continue, start, hate, like, , need, require, want等。 4.need/require/want/ doing.表示被动意义，可换成to be done形式，如：Your handwriting needs improving (to be improved).区别：be worth dong sth(主动表被动，且只能用主动) =be worthy of being done= be worthy to be done。题组训练D：1.这些花儿需要浇水了。 2.任何节约用水的人都值得表扬。 5.advise, allow, encourage, forbid, permit（许可）等动词后接动名词作宾语，带不定式作宾语补足语。如 题组训练E 1.Our teachers dont permit our (swim) in the lake. 2.Our teachers dont permit us in the lake(swim). 部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。 forget, remember, regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。 mean to do 打算做某事I meant to catch up with the early bus. mean doing 意味着This means wasting a lot of money. try to do 设法尽力做某事You should try to overcome your shortcomings. try doing 试着做某事Try working out the physics problem in another way. stop to do 停下一件事去做另一件事（不定式作目的状语） stop doing 停止做某事 区别：cant help doing 禁不住They couldnt help jumping up at the news. cant help to do不能帮助干. So I cant help to make up the room for you. go on to do 继续做另外一件事He went on to talk about world situation.他接着又谈了世界形势Go on doing 继续做之前在做的事。Well go on fighting so long as there is oppression in the world.题组训练F：1.You say that you didnt mean me, but what you have been doing mean me (hurt).2. Youd better stop and do as you are told（argue）.3.On the way to the airport, I stopped a paper.（buy）4.We regret you that you are not invited to attend the meeting（tell）. 5.They regretted up to surf the Internet.(stay)6. I still remember to Qingdao for summer holidays.(take)题组训练G(综合性训练)：1.（2011天津卷）7.Passengers are permitted _ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried2.(2011上海卷) 40. Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, emailing but we seem _ the art of communicating face-to-face. A. losing B. to be losingC. to be lostD. having lost3.（2011四川卷）2. Lydia doesnt feel like_ abroad. Her parents are old. A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study4. David threatened _ his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid. 2009上海, 39A. to be reported B. reporting C. to report D. having reported5. 29. Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. 2009上海，35A. having held B. to hold C. Holding D. hold 三、非谓语动词作表语不定式做表语 (将来性，表示职业，职责，目标，理想等)To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter. What I would suggest is to put off the meeting. Ing形式作表语（表示正在进行，状态）。The boy has been missing for days.ed 形式作表语（表示状态）The window was broken. I once got lost “使 ”性动词如excite, interest, worry, puzzle, confuse等的现在分词，过去分词可以看做是一组形容词。 如：exciting(令人.的), excited（感到.的） 四、作定语 不定式作定语 （强调将来发生）。 (1)与被修饰词之间有动宾(被动)关系，同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管有被动含义，却仍 用主动语态 I want to have something to drink. I have something important to do today. The best way to realize your dreams is to work hard.（2）被修饰的词是抽象名词（如,ability,chance,promise等）时，用动词不定式作定语。I need a chance to express my true feelings. 动词ing形式作定语 (强调性质，用途，正在进行，和所修饰名字之间有主动关系) This passage can be used as listening materials. The reading room of our school library can hold 800people. The man standing there is my friend3.动词ed形式作定语（动作完成， 和所修饰名词有被动关系）The fallen leaves tell me that the fall is coming.I miss the days spent in university.题组训练H1.The building _now will be a restaurant . 2.The building _next year will be a restaurant .2.The building _last year is a restaurant. A. having been built B. to be built C. being built D. built 3.（2011浙江卷）19. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city _ by their enthusiastic supporters. A. being cheeredB. be cheeredC. to be cheered D. were cheered4.（2011福建卷）23. Tsinghua University, _ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded5.(2011湖南卷)21 . The ability _an idea is as important as the idea itself. A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed6.(2011湖南卷)23.The players_from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected7.(2011上海卷) 32. The rare fish, _ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea.A. savedB. savingC. to be savedD. having saved8.(2011全国卷I) 27. The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house. A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen9.（2011江苏卷）31. Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared10.（2011全国卷II）15. The island, _ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined 五、非谓语动词作补足语 动词不定式作宾语补足语 (1)常要求不定式作宾补的动词有：allow, ask, advise, beg, cause, drive（强迫），encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, would like (love, hate), order, permit, persuade, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。如： Would you like me to give your regards to Mary? )感官动词（强调过程）和使役动词后用动词原形做宾补. 这种句式在变为被动语态时，to不能省略， I didnt hear anyone say anything about it. They make the students do too much homework every day. Had better, would rather, why not,rather than,情态动词后加动词原形2. 动词-ing作宾语补足语（宾补和宾语主动关系或正在进行）: 感官性动词+doing(强调正在进行) have sb/sth dong sth keep sb/sth doingThe boss has the machine working all the day. I notice him reading a book3过去分词做宾语补足语 get sth done, make oneself understood(宾语和宾补间有被动关系或表示一种状态)I found him burnt by the fire. I will get my hair cut.题组训练I:1.（2011浙江卷）14. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words. A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost2.（2011安徽卷）30. Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces.A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break3.（2011陕西卷）14.Claire had luggage _ an hour before her plane left. A.check B. checking C. to check D. checked4. They use computers to keep the traffic_smoothly. 2009全国卷, 16A. being run B. run C. to run D. running六非谓语动词作状语 不定式作状语 作目的状语 可换为 so as to 或 in order to.I stayed there to see what would happen. Henry has decided to go to the hospital to be examined by the doctor. 结果状语 enoughto 区别 too to. Im too tired to stay up longer. only to (?出人意料) Jane hurried back only to find her mother dying in the hospital. 不定式短语还可作独立成分，用于句首、句中或句末。如： To tell the truth（to be honest）, to begin with（首先），to be frank(坦白说)，2.现在分词，过去分词作状语现在分词过去分词作状语作状语（原因，结果，方式，伴随，条件）黄金法则：主句主语要跟分词部分的逻辑主语（隐含的，不直接给出）保持一致 Given one more hour, I will finish it.独立主格：分词有其独立的主语，可以不和主句主语不一致Weather permitting, well go out for a walk. Homework finished, he went out to paly games. having done, having been done 的动作先于主句发生，常作原因状语.用having done, having been done 形式作状语必须是状语部分的动作先于主句Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter题组训练J：1._many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .3. _from space , the earth looks blue .4._from space , we can see the earth is blue . A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See5. The dirty clothes _ , the girl hung them up outside .6. _ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside . A. was washed B. washed C. were washed D. having washed.A. Having been told . B. Told C. He was told D. Though he had been told8.（2011四川卷）16. _ an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous. A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer9.（2011辽宁卷）30. _ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people. A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering10.（2011天津卷）12._ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated11.（2011重庆卷）29.More TV programs, according to government to officials, will be produced _peoples concern over food safety.A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D. having raised12.（2011重庆卷）33. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ of his own dreams.A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. renmind13.(2011湖南卷)29 .Do you wake up every morning _ energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt14.（2011山东卷）27. Look over theretheres a very long, winding path_ up to the house. A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead15.（2011全国卷II）18Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _nothing about the argument. A. says B: said C. to say D. saying16.（2011江西卷）32. On receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from office. A. saysB. saidC. sayingD. to say17.(2011上海卷) 33. At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam. Then I changed my mind, _ that he could do nothing to help.A. to realizeB. realized C. realizingD. being realized18（2011四川卷）11. Simon made a big bamboo box _ the little sick bird till it could fly. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep19.（2011陕西卷）20.More highways have been built in China, _it much easier for people to travel form one place to another. A. making B. made C. to make D. having made七、非谓语动词的注意事项疑问词不定式结构 疑问词who, what, which, when, where, whether, how后可接不定式，在句中作主语、宾语、表 语等。(主动表被动) 如： . I dont where to go. I dont how to do it. (if 不能接不定式) 2.动词不定式主动表被动的情况： 疑问词+to do be to blame 不定式作定语， 和被修饰的名词有被动关系又和另一名词或代词有逻辑上的主谓关系。Please lend me a pen to write with. I have something to do.3.动词ing形式主动表被动的情况：need,want, require+ doing / to be done be worth doing (只用主动)4.非谓语动词的否定：直接在前面加not5动名词的复合结构：形容性物主代词/名词所有格+动名词Would you mind my smoking here.6.with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式He left home with the water running. She stands there with her arms crossed.7.特殊形式 Generally speaking. 一般来说Frankly speaking,. 坦白地说 judging from. 根据来判断Considering. 考虑到， Provided假使8be+过去分词/形容词（+介词）类型的短语，如果如果出现在状语中， be省去即可Interestd in music, he bought a Mp3 player to enjoy music.Tired of learning, he dropped out of school.9.介词后面要用动名词或名词10. sb/sth +be+said/reported/considered to do John is considered to have a gift for music. sb/sth +be+said/reported/considered to have done Jacky is reported to have arrived in Ningbo. sb/sth +be+said/reported/considered to be doing Tom is said to be playing basketball now.11.一个句子里，必须有，也只能有一个主句（其形式可以是and,but等连接的并列句），其余部分要么是从句，要么就是非谓语成分。题组训练：1. _to the left , youll find the post office . 2. If you _to the left , youll find the post office .3. _to the left , and youll find the post office . A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned非谓语动词专项练习一根据括号里的提示填空1. The building _(正被建) is our library.2. The bird _(昨天被抓) died.3. All the books _(向图书馆借来的) must be returned next Monday.4. He is a good teacher _( 受尊重) by all the patients.5. I will attend the meeting _( 下周召开) 。6. The building _ ( 被树包围的 ) belongs to me.7. I have never heard the song _(用英语唱)8. I _ every month . (每月理发一次)9. He _( 遭到扒窃)10. _(若加热) ，water changes into steam.11. _( 被她的话感动了)，he promised to help her.12. I wont go _(既使被邀请了)。13. The man _（自称是）Mr. Smith called you.14. _（写得如此匆忙），his comopsition is not well written.15. _（有两个小孩上学），the parents are working hard.16. When hearing someone calling his nname, his heart beat quickly. (改错)17. They found the water _. (污染) 18. I felt myself _(被撞到)。19. They kept the door _. (锁着)20. We have made our views_ (他们都知道) 21. I must get the work _( 做) before Friday.22. He had his horse _. (死于战场)23. He stood there, with his hand _（举着）24. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _.（捆在背后）25. We wre on the way with 50 miles _. （要走）26. He went into the room with a book _(手里拿着一本书 )27. All the afternoon, he worked with the door _. (锁着)28. With the exam _（临近） ，the students were busy preparing for the exam.29. He used to sleep with the light _.（让灯开着）30. With _ .（没有东西剩下来可吃了），he went out for shopping.31. The girl sat there, with _( 眼睛盯着天花板)32. I live in the room with its door _（ 门朝着南面）。33. With _, （课结束了） we went out to play.34. With the exam _.（明天要举行）， I cant go to the cinema tonight.35. He went to school with _. （鼻子冻得红红的）36. With _.（妹妹出去了） she had to stay at home.37. The woman with _（抱着一个小孩） is Lipings mother.38. He fell asleep with the radio _. （开着） 39. He lay in the c