必修二 Module Four学案.doc

必修二 Module Two 导学案New Words1. contemporary: adj. 1)当代的 现代的 2) 同一时期的 同一时代的 contemporary music contemporary literature Beethoven was contemporary with Naplon.2. delightful: adj. （时光，活动或地方）令人愉快的，可爱的，宜人的，使人快乐的 delighted: adj. 高兴地,愉快的 be delighted to do sth 高兴地做某事他们举办了一场愉快的聚会。 They gave a delightful party.我很高兴听说你找到了新工作. Im delighted to hear about your new job.delight vt. 使高兴，使愉快； n. U，C快乐；乐事他的话使我们感到很高兴。His words delighted us.电影给数百万人带来欢乐. Movies give delight to millions of people.with delight 高兴地，乐意地 to ones delight 使某人高兴的是令我非常高兴的是，我通过了考试。 To my great delight, I passed the exam.It is really an honour to have a _ talk with the president.AdelightedBdelighting Cdelightful Ddelight答案：C3. scene: n. 1) 景色（眼睛看到的景色）2) 现场 地点词语辨析: scene: 指眼睛看到的景色,或特定情境下呈现出的景象; 还有现场的含义 scenery: 指自然景色; 某个地区的整个风景,是由多个“scene”构成的 view: 从高处或远处看到的景色 sight: 有价值去看的风景，名胜。常复数，指人文景观 用适当的词填空： 1). Switzerland is well-known for its impressive mountainous _. 2). They stood there looking at the happy _ of the children playing in the park. 3). Youll get a fine _ of the town from the top of the hill. 4). Come and see the _China. 5). Would you like to enjoy the _ in this beautiful country with me? 1.scenery 2.scene 3.view 4.sights 5.scenery4.alive: adj. 活着的 在世的词语辨析: alive, living, live, lively1) alive:活着的，在世的有生气的，有活力的，活跃的，是表语形容词，可作表语、后置定语、宾语/主语补足语，不可作前置定语. alive作表语时可与living互换。 e.g. The fish we caught is still alive/ living. Doctors kept the baby alive for 6 weeks. He is thought to be the greatest man alive.2) living: 意为“活着的”，主要用作前置定语或表语，也可作后置定语。作比喻义（如“活像，逼真的”解时，要用living）。只有living前加the可表示“活着的人”，作主语时，视作复数e.g. living things the living He is the living image of his father.3) live: laiv adj. 活着的；活生生的；现场直播的，实况转播的。只能作前置定语，且只能修饰物。e.g. a live fish a live TV broadcast 一条活鱼 电视直播4) lively: adj. 生动的；活泼的；有生气的，充满趣味的，令人兴奋的，精力充沛的 e.g. a lively boy lively description用适当的词填空:.The _ must finish the work of those dead.Therell be a _ TV broadcast of the conference this evening.The cat was playing with a _ mouse.Both animals and plants are _things.The doctor kept the baby _ for a week.The old man is still very much _.He is the _ image of his father.He had a strange way of making his classes _ and interesting.1.living 2.3.live 4.7.living 5.6.alive 8.lively4 observe: vt. 1) 注视 观察2) 遵守（规则，法律等）3)庆祝，庆贺 e.g. I felt he was observing everything I did. Do they observe Christmas Day in that country? Can you say something about how the Chinese observe the MidAutumn Festival?短语:His neighbour observed a stranger enter his house. He observed a stranger wandering around the store at 10 p.m. yesterday.He was observed to pass by the store in a hurry. 总结: observe sb. doing. 注意到某人在做 observe sb. do . 注意到某人做 若变为被动则为: sb. be observed doing/to do词语辨析：observe, look, see, watchobserve强调从不同角度较长时间地“观察，研究”。look只强调“看”的动作，不强调结果。see强调“看见”的结果。watch“注视，观看”，指目光较集中地看电视、表演等。(2008湖北)Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese stillthe traditional customs.Aperform Bpossess Cobserve Dsupport解析：考查动词词义辨析。observe the traditional customs“遵循传统习俗”。observe“遵守，遵循”；perform“表演”；possess“拥有”；support“支持”。答案：CWhile driving, you should_the speed limit.Acelebrate Bignore Cdeny Dobserve答案：D5 adopt: vt. 1) 采用 采纳 采取2) 领养 收养 eg. We adopted different approaches to the problem. He is not my real father; Im adopted. adapt: v. 1) 适应（常与to 连用）2) 改编 eg. We have had to adapt quickly to the new system Three of her novels have been adopted for television.6. aim: vi 1) 瞄准 对准 （常与at 连用） 2) 计划 打算 以 为目标短语: aim at sth/ doing sth 以(做).为目的 aim to do/ to be 立志/打算做某事 be aimed at 目的是；旨在eg. He aims at becoming a doctor. He aims to be a doctor. These laws are aimed at preventing traffic accidents7. stand: (stood, stood)1) vi. 站立 直立 2) link verb 处于某种状态（后接形容词，副词，介词短语或分词） 3) vt. 忍受 容忍 （一般用于疑问句和否定句中，后接名词，动名词或动名词的复合结构） e.g. She was too weak to stand. The house stood empty for a long time. 那所房子空了好长一段时间 Im sorry for the mistake, I stand corrected. 抱歉，我出了个错，我愿意纠正 I cant stand his brother. I cant stand walking any longer. How can you stand Marty coming home late all the time? 你怎么能够忍受马蒂总是回家晚？短语: e.g. What does SOS stand for? stand for 代表We wont stand by and let them close our school. stand by 袖手旁观 His height makes him stand out in the crowd. stand out 显眼,突出 A little piano stands against the wall. stand against 倚/靠.站着 Stand still while I take your photograph. stand still 站着不动8 realise/ realize: vt. 1) 意识到 了解 知道 2) 实现（希望，目标等） e.g.很多人已经认识到外语作为一种工具使用的重要性。Many people have realized the importance of foreign language as a tool.The man realised his dream to be a actor.Only by working hard can we realize our hopes.只有通过努力才能实现我们的愿望。词语辨析: realise; come truerealise: 及物动词 实现理想，愿望等come true: 不及物动词短语 理想愿望实现 e.g. He has realised his dream. His dream of becoming a teacher has come true. 他实现了梦想 He realised his dream./ His dream is realised. His dream came true.9 destroy: vi 摧毁 毁灭词语辨析: destroy; damage; ruin destroy: 其摧毁程度大，不可修复或不在存在 e.g. The fire destroyed the whole building. damage:指部分的，可修复的损坏 e.g. Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness. 长期生病，损伤了她的心脏 ruin: vt. 毁坏（毁坏某种好的或有用的东西，此物仍存在，却已失去了其良好的特征；即可指抽象，也可指具体） e.g. Too much sugar can ruin your teeth. The rain ruined our holiday.Introduction and Reading 1 name: n. 1) 名字2) 名声； 声誉 e.g. Hes made quite a name for himself. 他给自己闯出了名气 vt. 命名； 说出的名字,列举 e.g. Who is going to name your baby? 谁将给你们的宝宝取名字？ How many countries can you name? 短语: name sb. after/ for 以的名字给取名；为取名 e.g. Bill is named after his father. 比尔以他父亲的名字取名 The college is named after/ for George Washington.Paragraph A2. This is a painting by the Spanish artist, Pablo Picasso, considered to be the greatest western artist . consider: v. 1)consider考虑（可用于进行时） + n/pron./v-ing 从句 疑问词+不定式 e.g. Have you considered the suggestion? We considered going to see the doctor the next day. We must consider what to do next. We didnt consider whether he should go or not.2)consider认为（无进行时） + sb/sth (to be/as)+n./adj. it（形式宾语）+adj./n.+to do/that-clause(真正宾语) sb/sth+to do/to have sone that-clause e.g. 我认为他是我最好的朋友 I consider him to be my best friend. I consider him as my best friend. I consider him my best friend.我觉得能和你在一起工作是极大的快乐。I consider it a great pleasure that I can work with you.我们都认为是他偷了汤姆的钱包。We all considered him to have stolen Toms wallet.3. Cubist artists painted objects and people, with different aspects of the object or person showing at the same time.在描绘物体或人的时候，立体派画家会同时展现对象的多个不同侧面。with引导的短语作状语，表示伴随状况。with短语在句中也有时作定语，其结构如下：with宾语形容词/副词/动词ing/过去分词/不定式e.g.有这么多的工作要做，他忙个不停。With so much work to do, he was kept as busy as a bee.这么多人这么仔细地观察着我，我感到有点儿紧张。I felt a bit nervous with so many people watching me so closely.他没做完作业就回家了。He went home with homework unfinished.人们嘲笑皇帝没穿衣服走在大街上。People laughed at the emperor walking in the street with nothing on.(1)(2010山东29 )The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked.A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid答案：A (2)(2009全国)Now that weve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions_？AtakingBtakeCtakenDto take答案：C(2007福建)Come on, please give me some idea about the project.Sorry.With so much work _my mind ，I almost break down.AfilledBfillingCto fillDbeing filled答案：BParagraph D4. He is most famous for his lively paintings of horses.他以画马而著称。most后接形容词或副词，前面不加定冠词the时，意思是“非常”。我对你的回答非常满意。I am most pleased with your answer.Most的下用法如下：1)adj. 最大的；最多的；大部分的；大多数的我大部分的业余时间用来上网。My most spare time is spent surfing the Internet.2)adv. 最；很；非常感谢你让我度过了一个非常有趣的夜晚。Thank you for having me spending a most interesting evening.3)pron. 大部分，几乎所有那天是星期天，大部分商店都关门了。It was Sunday and most of the shops were shut.at (the) most 最多；不超过 make the most of只是表示作最大的利用Paragraph E5. Im studying art at school, and I enjoy it a lot, although I can get tired of looking at pictures all the time. 1) although: conj. though 尽管 (只用于正常语序,不与but 连用，但可与yet, still 连用) e.g. Although the sun was shining it wasnt very warm. 注意: as 只用于倒装（将表语，状语，情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首；如果是单数名词，前不 加冠词）though: 即可用于正常语序(等于although)，又可用于倒装语序(等于as)e.g. 试着把下列句中的although 换成as, 句子该如何说?Although he is rich, he is happy. Rich as he is, he isnt happy.Although he might try, he couldnt succeed. Try as he might, he couldnt succeed.Although he is a child, he knows a lot. Child as he is, he knows a lot.6. get/be tired of “对厌烦；厌倦。”该短语为系表结构，后接名词、代词或动名词。We are tired of having the same kind of food every day.我们对每天吃同样的食物感到腻烦。知识拓展: be/get tired with/from 因而疲倦 be tired out 很累；很疲倦他跑累了。He is tired with running.我出了一趟远门，很疲倦。 Im tired out. Ive had a long journey.Mr. Smith, _of the _speech, started to read a novel.Atired; boring Btiring; bored Ctired; bored Dtiring; boring答案：AParagraph F7. My parents are fond of going to art galleries and often take me with them, so Ive developed an interest in art.我的父母总爱去艺术展览馆，并常带我一起去，由此，我对艺术产生了兴趣。该句是由连词so连接的并列句，在第一个分句中，are fond of与take是并列谓语。 be fond of (doing) sth 特别喜欢 e.g. Im not fond of eating meat. Shes fond of books and anxious for knowledge.8. I can tell by the style.tell: v. told, told 1) 告诉 告知 2) 识别 辨别 分辨 e.g. He write to tell me he couldnt come. She told the news to everybody she saw. I cant tell which book is his.短语: tell by 依据.判断; 从.可以看出 tell A from B 辨别A与B tell . apart 区分 tell the difference between A and B 区别A和B, 说出A和B的不同 e.g. Can you tell Tom from his twin brother.Everyday English and Cultural Corner1 make (much) of sb/ sth明白某人/ 某事 eg. I couldnt make much of his speechit was all in English. What do you make of this latest idea?2. happen: vi. 发生 短语: sth happens to sb 某人发生某事 sb happens to do sth 某人碰巧做 It happens that 碰巧 eg. I dont care what happens to her.我不在乎她会有什么遭遇 That woman you are talking about just happens to be my wife.I happened to meet her on my way home.3.agree to, agree with 与agree onagreeto“同意”，后可接表示“建议，计划，安排”的名词，也可接todo不定式Doyouagreetotheplan?agreewith“同意”后接某人或某人的话语。还可表示“与相适应”“适合于”Thewineistoostrong;itdoes notagreewith me.agreeon表示“在某事上取得一致，达成协议。”Weallagreeontheplan.a series of 一连串的；一系列的，指一连串类似的事物因彼此有共同的目的、类似的性质而系统地结合在一起。后接复数名词，谓语动词用单数。After a series of unsuccessful attempts, he at last passed his driving test.他经过多次努力，终于通过了驾照考试。The Mexican team will be playing a series of games in Brazil this year.墨西哥队今年将在巴西进行一系列比赛。A series of lectures is said to be given by Mr Smith.They carried out _experiments to test the new drug.Aa great deal of Ba great amount of Ca series of Da series答案：C4. Take turns to ask your questions take turns to do sth 轮流做某事do sth by turns 轮流做某事 Its onee turn (to do sth) 轮到某人(做某事)Grammar动词的ing形式和动词不定式用法例句英语中许多动词后面常接动词的ing形式作宾语。这类动词常见的有：avoid, admit, consider, dislike, enjoy, finish, keep, imagine, practise, appreciate, escape, mind, miss, delay, deny等。You should avoid making the same mistake next time.下次你应避免犯同样的错误。He is considering going abroad.他在考虑出国。Do you mind my opening the window？你介意我打开窗户吗？Why have they delayed opening the new school？他们为什么延迟成立新学校的时间？用法例句英语中有一些动词短语常接动词的ing形式作宾语。这类动词常见的有：insist on, object to, be good at, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, get/be used to, pay attention to, be fond of, be worth等。He is good at singing.他擅长唱歌。We are looking forward to seeing you again.我们盼望能再见到你。Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.任何值得做的事就值得做好。不定式可以作一些动词如want, hope, wish, decide, promise, agree, pretend, demand（要求）, desire（期望，希望，渴望），aim, attempt, expect, learn, manage, seem, afford, ask（要求）, fail, plan, refuse, prepare, offer, seek（企图，试图），teed（往往，常常），care（喜欢，愿意），choose（选定，愿意）等的宾语，“疑问词不定式”结构还可作介词的宾语。I have decided to study engineering.我决定学工程学。How I wish to have another day off！我多么想再有一天假期啊！She promised to come at nine oclock.她答应9点来的。She gave me lots of valuable adivce on how to lose weight.她给我提供了一些如何减肥的好建议。用法例句不定式作动词宾语，其后跟补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式后置。I think it necessary to reserve air tickets.我认为预订机票是非常有必要的。I make it a rule to do shadowboxing every morning.我养成了每天早上打太极拳的习惯。begin和start后既可接动词的ing形式作宾语，也可接动词不定式作宾语，但以下情况需要用动词不定式：(1)当begin或start用于进行时时；(2)当begin或start的主语是事物时；(3)当begin或start后跟的是不可用于进行时的表示心理活动或精神状态的动词(如feel, think, realize)时。The ice is beginning to melt.冰块开始融化。Soon it began to rain.很快天开始下雨了。He started to realize the importance of English.他开始意识到英语的重要性。动词的ing形式作主语用法例句动词的ing形式直接作主语。Reading is an art.读书是一种艺术。Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer.在这种条件下工作不是一种乐趣，而是一种痛苦。用it代替动词的ing形式作主语It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。作there be no句型中的主语。译为“很难，不可能”There is no joking about such matters.这种事情开不得玩笑。There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour productivity.不容否认新方法大大提高了劳动生产率的事实。Theres no holding back the wheel of history.动词的ing形式作主语和动词不定式作主语的用法比较：区别例句表示一般抽象时，二者可以互换。Reading/To read good books makes us happy.读好书使我们快乐。表示具体情境下或有待于完成的动作，通常用动词不定式；表示一般的、抽象的、多次性的行为通常用动词的ing形式。Playing/To play with fire is dangerous.玩火危险。To finish reading such a long novel will take me several days.读完这么长的小说要花去我好几天时间。当it为形式主语时，二者可以互换。It is difficult to solve that problem. (It is difficult solving that problem.)解决那一问题很难。动词的