《软件工程-实践者的研究方法》cha.ppt

1 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman Chapter21 ProjectScheduling SlideSettoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 ebyRogerS PressmanSlidescopyright 1996 2001 2005 2009byRogerS PressmanFornon profiteducationaluseonlyMaybereproducedONLYforstudentuseattheuniversitylevelwhenusedinconjunctionwithSoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e Anyotherreproductionoruseisprohibitedwithouttheexpresswrittenpermissionoftheauthor AllcopyrightinformationMUSTappeariftheseslidesarepostedonawebsiteforstudentuse 2 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman WhyAreProjectsLate anunrealisticdeadlineestablishedbysomeoneoutsidethesoftwaredevelopmentgroupchangingcustomerrequirementsthatarenotreflectedinschedulechanges anhonestunderestimateoftheamountofeffortand orthenumberofresourcesthatwillberequiredtodothejob predictableand orunpredictablerisksthatwerenotconsideredwhentheprojectcommenced technicaldifficultiesthatcouldnothavebeenforeseeninadvance humandifficultiesthatcouldnothavebeenforeseeninadvance miscommunicationamongprojectstaffthatresultsindelays afailurebyprojectmanagementtorecognizethattheprojectisfallingbehindscheduleandalackofactiontocorrecttheproblem 3 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman SchedulingPrinciples compartmentalization definedistincttasksinterdependency indicatetaskinterrelationshipeffortvalidation besureresourcesareavailabledefinedresponsibilities peoplemustbeassigneddefinedoutcomes eachtaskmusthaveanoutputdefinedmilestones reviewforquality 4 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman EffortandDeliveryTime 5 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman EffortAllocation frontend activitiescustomercommunicationanalysisdesignreviewandmodificationconstructionactivitiescodingorcodegenerationtestingandinstallationunit integrationwhite box blackboxregression 6 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman DefiningTaskSets determinetypeofprojectassessthedegreeofrigorrequiredidentifyadaptationcriteriaselectappropriatesoftwareengineeringtasks 7 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman TaskSetRefinement 1 1Conceptscopingdeterminestheoverallscopeoftheproject Taskdefinition Task1 1ConceptScoping1 1 1Identifyneed benefitsandpotentialcustomers 1 1 2Definedesiredoutput controlandinputeventsthatdrivetheapplication BeginTask1 1 21 1 2 1FTR ReviewwrittendescriptionofneedFTRindicatesthataformaltechnicalreview Chapter26 istobeconducted 1 1 2 2Derivealistofcustomervisibleoutputs inputs1 1 2 3FTR Reviewoutputs inputswithcustomerandreviseasrequired endtaskTask1 1 21 1 3Definethefunctionality behaviorforeachmajorfunction BeginTask1 1 31 1 3 1FTR Reviewoutputandinputdataobjectsderivedintask1 1 2 1 1 3 2Deriveamodeloffunctions behaviors 1 1 3 3FTR Reviewfunctions behaviorswithcustomerandreviseasrequired endtaskTask1 1 31 1 4Isolatethoseelementsofthetechnologytobeimplementedinsoftware 1 1 5Researchavailabilityofexistingsoftware 1 1 6Definetechnicalfeasibility 1 1 7Makequickestimateofsize 1 1 8CreateaScopeDefinition endTaskdefinition Task1 1 isrefinedto 8 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman DefineaTaskNetwork 9 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman TimelineCharts 10 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman UseAutomatedToolstoDeriveaTimelineChart 11 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman ScheduleTracking conductperiodicprojectstatusmeetingsinwhicheachteammemberreportsprogressandproblems evaluatetheresultsofallreviewsconductedthroughoutthesoftwareengineeringprocess determinewhetherformalprojectmilestones thediamondsshowninFigure27 3 pareactualstart datetoplannedstart dateforeachprojecttasklistedintheresourcetable Figure27 4 meetinformallywithpractitionerstoobtaintheirsubjectiveassessmentofprogresstodateandproblemsonthehorizon useearnedvalueanalysis Section27 6 toassessprogressquantitatively 12 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman ProgressonanOOProject I Technicalmilestone OOanalysiscompletedAllclassesandtheclasshierarchyhavebeendefinedandreviewed Classattributesandoperationsassociatedwithaclasshavebeendefinedandreviewed Classrelationships Chapter8 havebeenestablishedandreviewed Abehavioralmodel Chapter8 hasbeencreatedandreviewed Reusableclasseshavebeennoted Technicalmilestone OOdesigncompletedThesetofsubsystems Chapter9 hasbeendefinedandreviewed Classesareallocatedtosubsystemsandreviewed Taskallocationhasbeenestablishedandreviewed Responsibilitiesandcollaborations Chapter9 havebeenidentified Attributesandoperationshavebeendesignedandreviewed Thecommunicationmodelhasbeencreatedandreviewed 13 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman ProgressonanOOProject II Technicalmilestone OOprogrammingcompletedEachnewclasshasbeenimplementedincodefromthedesignmodel Extractedclasses fromareuselibrary havebeenimplemented Prototypeorincrementhasbeenbuilt Technicalmilestone OOtestingThecorrectnessandcompletenessofOOanalysisanddesignmodelshasbeenreviewed Aclass responsibility collaborationnetwork Chapter6 hasbeendevelopedandreviewed Testcasesaredesignedandclass leveltests Chapter19 havebeenconductedforeachclass Testcasesaredesignedandclustertesting Chapter19 iscompletedandtheclassesareintegrated Systemleveltestshavebeencompleted 14 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman EarnedValueAnalysis EVA Earnedvalueisameasureofprogressenablesustoassessthe percentofcompleteness ofaprojectusingquantitativeanalysisratherthanrelyonagutfeeling providesaccurateandreliablereadingsofperformancefromasearlyas15percentintotheproject Fle98 15 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman ComputingEarnedValue I Thebudgetedcostofworkscheduled BCWS isdeterminedforeachworktaskrepresentedintheschedule BCWSiistheeffortplannedforworktaski Todetermineprogressatagivenpointalongtheprojectschedule thevalueofBCWSisthesumoftheBCWSivaluesforallworktasksthatshouldhavebeencompletedbythatpointintimeontheprojectschedule TheBCWSvaluesforallworktasksaresummedtoderivethebudgetatcompletion BAC Hence BAC BCWSk foralltasksk 16 TheseslidesaredesignedtoaccompanySoftwareEngineering APractitioner sApproach 7 e McGraw Hill2009 Slidescopyright2009byRogerPressman ComputingEarnedValue II Next thevalueforbudgetedcostofworkperformed BCWP iscomputed ThevalueforBCWPisthesumoftheBCWSvaluesforallworktasksthathaveactuallybeencompletedbyapointintimeontheprojectschedule thedistinctionbetweentheBCWSandtheBCWPisthattheformerrepresentsthebudgetoftheactivitiesthatwereplannedtobecompletedandthelatterrepresentsthebudgetoftheactivities