《状语从句精讲》PPT课件.ppt

状语从句 在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句 它可以用来修饰谓语或是整个句子 状语从句 状语从句 状语从句 时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句条件状语从句方式状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句 时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有 when while as themoment before after till until since assoonas等 Iwilltellhimwhenhecomesback 连接词when的用法小结when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是可延续也可以是表短暂性动作的动词 非延续性 如Whenthefilmended thepeoplewentback WhenIlivedthere Iusedtogototheseashore 2 可用作并列连词 其意义为 那时 这时 相当于andatthis thattime 常用于下列句式 刚要 这时突然 记忆Sb wasdoingsomethingwasabouttodosth when wasonthepointofdoingsth hadjustdonesthIwaswalkingalongthestreet whenImethimIwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein 3 还可以表示原因 既然 相当于since consideringthat 如 Whydoyouwalkwhenyouhaveacar 既然你有车为什么要步行呢 连接词when的用法 1when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词也可以是表短暂性动作的动词 非延续性 Whenthefilmended thepeoplewentback WhenIlivedthere Iusedtogototheseashore 2when表示 就在这时 在下列结构中 表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生 另一动作同时发生 beabouttodo when bedoing when haddone when Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain Iwasplayingcomputergameswhenmomcamein 连接词while的用法 1 while引导的动作必须是持续性的 在 期间 往往指一段时间 如 Whileweweretalking hecamein Pleasedon ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking 2 while作为并列连词 意为 而 却 侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比 Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingthefootball 3 while可表示尽管 相当于although while含义 WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet Icameacrossanoldfriend while Helikespopmusic whileIamfondoffolkmusic while WhileIreallydon tlikeart Ifindhisworkimpressive while Whilethereislifethereishope while when although aslongas but 连词when while as的用法 1 while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的 而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延续的 也可以是表短暂性动作的动词 When Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast heheardthedoorbellring WhenIstoppedmycar amancameuptome 不可延续 短暂性动词 只可以用when 不可用while 2 表示 随着 连词用as 不用when或while Asthedaywenton theweathergotworse 3如果主句表示的是短暂动作 而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时 when while与as可互换使用 When While AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine 4 从句动作发生在主句动作之前时 只能用when引导这个从句 不可用as或while Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork youmayhavearest Whenthechildrenhadgonetobed shebegantoprepareherlessons 连接词before Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland Wehadn trunamilebeforehefelttired Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit BeforeIcouldgetinaword hehadmeasuredme 才 不到 就 趁 还没来得及 Before从句中谓语不用否定式 Beforetheyreachedthestation thetrainhadgone 句型Itwillbe was 一段时间 before 还要过多久才 句型Itwillbe wasnot 一段时间 before 多久就 Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry Itwasn ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry 连接词since 在itis hasbeen 段时间 since从句中 时间的计算从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起 ItisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigar ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmoke 我不吸烟有三年了 我吸烟有三年了 since 在itis hasbeen 段时间 since从句中 时间的计算从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起 如 Itisthreeyearssinceshewasinourclass Itisthreeyearssincehelivedhere她离开我们班有三年了 他不住这儿有三年了 比较itisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigar ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmoke 我不吸烟有三年了 我吸烟有三年了 Nosoonerthan 一 就 Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanhewentawayagain Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewentawayagain nosooner than 用于句首要求倒装 Hardly when Scarcely when till until和not until的用法 1 until till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时 主句的动词是延续性动词 表示动作或状态一直持续到until till所表示的时间 意为 某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止 Wewaiteduntilhecame 2用于否定句时 主句谓语动词是非延续性动词 从句为肯定 意为 某动作直到某时间才开始 Hewon tgotobedtill untilshereturns 3 till不可以置于句首 而until可以 如 4 not until句型中的强调和倒装说法 UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit Itwasn tuntilnearlyamonthlater Ireceivedthemanager sreply A sinceB whenC asD that 2 Itwasnearlyamonth Ireceivedthemanager sreply 3 Itwasnearly9o clock Ireceivedthemanager sreply 4 Itwasnearlyat9o clock Ireceivedthemanager sreply before when that 考点 易混淆句型itis 时间 sincebeforewhenthatItisfiveyears hefinishedhisresearch Itwasfiveyears hefinishedhisresearch Itwasfiveyearslater hefinishedhisresearch Itwas5o clock hegothome Itwasat5o clock hegothome when that since before that Onceyouseehim youwillneverforgethim Once 一但 就 引导状语从句的连接词有 If unless aslongas incase providedthat onconditionthat 条件状语从句 If 如果 Ifyoudon thurryup youwillmisstheplane Ifitsnowstomorrow theflightwillbecanceled Ifyouleaveat6o clocktomorrowmorning you dbettergettobednow Unless 如果不 除非 ifnot Wecan tgetthereontimeunlesswebooktheearliestflight Wecannotgetthereontimeifwedon tbooktheearliestflight Don ttroubletroubleunlesstroubletroublesyou Hewillnotjoinusunlesshechangeshismind Aslongas 只要 Wewillsucceedaslongaswekeepontrying Youcan tplaygamesaslongasyouremembertherules Amanisnotoldaslongasheisseekingsomething As so faras 据 所知 AsfarasIknow hespeaksEnglishverywell As SofarasIknow heisanexpertonDNA Incase 假使 如果万一 Theplanecannottakeoffincaseitrains Sendusamessageincaseyouhaveanydifficulty Providedthat如果 有时省略that Theplanewillbeingoodconditionprovidedthatitistakencareofcarefully Youcanbecomeastewardessprovidedthatyouareingoodshapeandyouhavegotthepropereducation Onconditionthat 条件是 Hesaidthathewouldcometothemeetingonconditionthatnooneaskedhimtospeak ThemotherpromisedtothesontobuyhimatoyairplaneonconditionthathepasseshisEnglishtest 注 主从句的动作发生在将来时 则主句用将来时 从句用一般现在时 Ifhearrivestomorrow Iwillbewaitingforhimattheairport Hesaidhewouldnotleaveunlessitwasfinenextday 地点状语从句 地点状语从句只有两个连词 Where wherever Where 在 地方 Putthemedicinewhereyoucaneasilygetit Wherethathighbuildingstands thereusedtobesomelow desertedhouses Wherethereisawill thereisaway Wherever 无论哪里 Hefollowsherwherevershegoes Whereveryouare Iwillberighttherewaitingforyou 在地点状语从句之前 不要使用介词 误 Youshouldputthebookatwhereitwas 正 Youshouldputthebookwhereitwas 你应该把书放在原来的地方 误 Weshouldgotowhereweareneededmost 正 Weshouldgowhereweareneededmost 我们应该到最需要我们的地方去 原因状语从句 because as since nowthat 和consideringthat for seeingthat这六个连词都用于表示表示原因 但在语气上一个比一个弱 Because 因为 通常从句放在主句后 MrSmithwasveryupsetbecausehecouldn tfindhisluggage Hesaidthathecouldn tworkbecausethecomputerwasoutoforder because和for的区别 for是并列连词 只用于连接表示原因的分句 因此不能用于句首 because表示原因时 可位于句首 误 Forhedidnotobeytherules hewaspunished 正 Becausehedidnotobeytherules hewaspunished As 因为 通常放在句首 Asitisquitewindytoday hedecides Asheishonestandmodest allhisfriendslikehim Since 既然因语气较弱 常译为既然 Sinceeverybodyhascome wecansetoff Sincethepurserdidn ttelluswhattodo wecanrelax Nowthat 既然 Nowthatyouarehere youcanjoinus Nowthatallairlinesofferdiscountprices weshoulddothesame consideringthat 顾及到 Consideringthattheyarejustbeginners theyaredoingquiteagoodjob seeingthat 由于 Seeing that quiteafewpeoplewereabsent wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff 结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的连词有 that sothat so that such that So that 太 以至于so后面应用形容词或副词 有时省略so只用that Boeing747issolargethatpeopleliketocallitjetbomb Theflightscheduledsoearlythatnobodywantedtolookonit Sothat 因而 以便 为了有时so可以省去 CanyoumoveyourluggagealittlebitawaysothatIcanputmineintheoverheadbintoo Speaklouderpleasesothatthepeopleatthebackcanhearyou Such that 太 以至于用法与so that相同 但such后面应用名词 Theforeignvisitorwassuchafastspeakerthatnobodycouldunderstandhim 6 目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的主要连词有 that sothat inorderthat forfearthat lest Let stakethefrontseats so thatwemayseemoreclearly So that 以便 从句中常常使用一些情态动词 如 can could may might should等 inorderthat 为了 与sothat相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词 如 can could may might should等 Schoolwasclosedearlyinorderthatthechildrenmightgohomeaheadofthestorm forfearthat 生怕 为了防止 某事发生 Hetookthenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit Theinstructoremphasizedontheissuethreetimesforfearthatthestudentsdidnotpayenoughattentiontotheproblem incase 万一 Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold Youshouldbringadictionaryincaseyouneedit Pleasetakeanumbrellaincaseitrains Lest 以防万一 Themandecidedtotellhisbossthefactlesthewouldbeangrywithhim Themanageroftheworkshopaskedhisstafftoworkovertimelesttheywouldn tfinishthetaskontime 比较状语从句 引导比较状语从句的连词有 As as notso as as than themore themore As as 像 一样 Ifyoudon twanttomisstheflight youneedtobeattheairportasearlyaspossible Mygrandmatoldmethathereyesightwasasgoodas10yearsbefore Cultivationtothemindisasnecessaryasfoodforthebody Notso as as 不像 ThejobisnotsodifficultasIthoughtitwouldbe Theflightwasnotso asharmfulasthecaptainpredicted than 比 怎么样 用于事物间的比较 more后面用形容词或副词 Peoplebelievethatbeingastewardessisbetterthanmostoftheotherjobs IpersonallythinkthattheAmericanmoviesaremoreinterestingthanChineseones Themore themore 越 越 Themorehelistenedtothatsong thelessheenjoyedit Themorethingsamanisashamedof themorerespectableheis 必背 常见的比较句型 Hisfatheristwicedoubleasoldashe is Hisfatheristwotimesolderthanhe 他爸爸的年龄是他的两倍 Ournewschoolisthreetimesbiggerthantheoldone 我们的新学校比老学校大三倍 Ournewschoolisfourtimesasbigastheoldne 我们的新学校是老学校的四倍大 Ournewschoolisfourtimesthesizeoftheoldone 我们的新学校是老学校的四倍 8 让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词有 Although though as evenif eventhough nomatter however whatever while whether Although though 虽然although和though可以互换 但although常放在句首 Though可以用于倒装 Althoughitwasraining theplanemanagedtotakeoff Althoughitwasnothisfault hetookalltheblame Thoughhedidhisbest hedidn tsucceed Childthoughhewas hedidquitewell As 尽管as引导让步状语从句时 句子通常倒装 可与though互换 Busyasheis henevermissesafootballmatch Hardassheworks shemakeslittleprogress Evenif eventhough 即使 Evenifyoudon tlikeyourboss youshoulddoyourwork Evenifyouarenotfondofflowers youshouldn tmissthechrysanthemumexhibition EventhoughImightbewrong Iwillgomyway Eventhoughhisdeandidn tmeanit hestillfeltembarrassed However 不论 however引导让步状语从句时 句子通常倒装 Hecouldn tgetthereontimehoweverfasthedrove Thefathercouldn tmakehisdaughtersmilehoweverhardhetried Nomatter what when where how 无论 什么 何时 何地 怎样 Theoldmanwouldn tbelieveanythingnomatterwhatyousaid Pleasetellmetheresultnomatterwhenyougetit Hewouldn tforgivemenomatterhowhardIbeggedhim Iwillfindyounomatterwhereyouhide Whatever 不管 Whateverotherpeoplemaysay shewon tchangehermind Whateveryoudo itwon taffectourplan While 尽管 WhileIhavesympathyforyou Ican thelpyou Whileit snoneofmybusiness Iwillwatchyou Whether 不管 常与ornot连用 Whetherheisgoodornot thecompanydecidedtosendhimabroad Whetherhisproposalispracticalornot thedepartmentplanstoadopt 9 方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由 as asif asthough as 与 一样 DoinRomeastheRomansdo Leavethingsastheyare asif asthough 仿佛 由asif或asthough引导的从句中可用虚拟语气 Shestoodatthedoorasif asthough shewerewaitingforsomeone 1 youdecidetotakeup youshouldtrytomakeitasuccess A IfB WheneverC UnlessD Whatever 2 Itisfoolishtotakeataxiyoucaneasilywalktothestation A beforeB thatC unlessD when 3 I llacceptanyjob Idon thavetogetupearly A eventhoughB thoughC incaseD aslongas 4 problemsyouhave youcanalwayscometomeforhelp A WhatB WhateverC WhicheverD Which 6 DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowe