海子诗歌论文：海子诗歌 概念隐喻 三大主题意象 认知机制.doc

海子诗歌论文：海子诗歌 概念隐喻 三大主题意象 认知机制【中文摘要】传统语言学认为,隐喻作为一种修辞,只是一种普通的语言装饰手段,因此长久以来人们对他的大量研究一直囿于文学和修辞学的范围之内。近年来认知语言学的兴起和蓬勃发展为隐喻研究提供了一个全新的视角,隐喻的本质也获得了全新的认识。认知语言学家认为隐喻不只是人类语言中的普遍现象,它更是一种重要的思维方式和认知手段。根据莱考夫和约翰逊的概念隐喻理论,隐喻是人们用清楚、具体的经验构建复杂、抽象概念的过程,它是人们强有力的认知工具。海子,作为中国新生代诗人的杰出代表,他力图通过诗歌对人类生存的意义作生命的沉思,以悲悯之心关注人类的生存状态。他的诗不是简单的抒情诗,而是直抵生命的元素,进入了一个更高的形而上的层面。海子独特的诗歌成就在于他创造了一系列新颖独特的诗歌意象,体现了其诗的精神追求和艺术特征。“麦子”,“太阳”,和“黑夜”作为海子诗中的三大主题意象,有着丰富的文化隐喻内涵,是解读海子诗歌的总钥匙。以往对海子诗歌的研究多局限于其诗的艺术特征、诗歌精神及美学价值,对其丰富的诗歌意象也较少有人从认知的角度进行分析。因此,本文试从认知语言学的角度对海子诗歌中三大主题意象蕴含的丰富的隐喻进行研究。本文以莱考夫和约翰逊的概念隐喻理论为基础,采用定性分析的方法,语料主要来自诗人西川编辑的海子诗全集中的242首短诗。通过对与三大主题意象相关的诗歌进行认真分析,笔者发现海子诗歌中这三大意象蕴含着丰富的隐喻。这些隐喻为：农耕文化是麦子；失恋的诗人是麦子；诗歌是太阳；诗人是太阳；以及人类精神的受难是黑夜。同时,基于始源域和目标域的相似性,笔者对这些隐喻的内在认知机制进行了分析,结果发现,这些隐喻体现了概念隐喻的普遍性,表明他们根植于我们自身的经验；另一方面,表明隐喻不只是语言现象,也是人类思维本质的体现。本文是运用概念隐喻理论解读中国当代诗歌意象的一次尝试,其对中国当代诗歌的鉴赏、翻译和传播都具有重大的意义。此外,本文也从汉语言语料中再一次为概念隐喻理论的普适性提供了跨文化的证据。【英文摘要】Metaphor, as a figure of speech, is traditionally viewed only as an ornament of language. Thus, metaphor research used to be confined to literature and rhetoric for a long time. However, with the rising and prosperity of cognitive linguistics, the nature of metaphor has aquired a renewed recognition. Cognitive linguists take metaphor as a way of thinking and means of cognition, not merely as a common phenomenon in human languages. According to Lakoff and Johnsons conceptual metaphor theory, metaphor, as an important cognitive tool, is a process by which complex and abstract concepts are constructed by clear and concrete experiences.Hai Zi, as an excellent representative of the new generation poets in China, he attempts to meditate upon the significance of human existence and show his solicitude for their living conditions by means of poetry. Therefore, his poetry is not merely romantic lyrics but directly touches upon the theme of human existence. Hai Zis main poetic achievement is that he creates a series of unique and original images through which his poetic spirit and the artistic features of his poems are reflected. Wheat, the sun, and the dark night, as the three important subject images in Hai Zis poetry, embody very rich metaphorical connotations and are the key clues to explore the essence of his poetry.The previous studies on Hai Zis poetry are generally restricted to its artistic features, poetic spirit and aesthetic significance. Therefore, this thesis is a tentative study of metaphors embodied in the three subject images in Hai Zis poetry from cognitive perspective. Based on Lakoff and Johnsons conceptual metaphor theory, this thesis conducts a qualitative analysis of 242 short poems excerpted from A Collection of Hai Zis Poems compiled by Xi Chuan in order to identify metaphors embodied in the three subject images. Through a thorough study of the poems related to the three subject images, the author finds rich metaphors in the three subject images which are listed as follows: AGRICULTURAL CIVILIZATION IS WHEAT; THE LOVELORN POET IS WHEAT; POETRY IS THE SUN; POET IS THE SUN; HUMANS SPIRITUAL SUFFERING IS THE DARK NIGHT. Then the author analyzes the working mechanism of these metaphors based on the similarity between the source domain and the target domain. On one hand, the findings reveal that conceptual metaphor is grounded in our experiences with physical world. On the other hand, they demonstrate that conceptual metaphor is not only a phenomenon in our languages, but also a manifestation of our thought.This thesis is a tentative study to explore images in contemporary Chinese poetry by the application of conceptual metaphor theory. It is of great significance to the appreciation, translation as well as transmission of contemporary Chinese poetry. Moreover, it provides another cross-culture evidence for confirming conceptual metaphor theory from the corpus of Chinese language and culture.【关键词】海子诗歌 概念隐喻 三大主题意象 认知机制【英文关键词】Hai Zis poetry conceptual metaphor theory three subject images cognitive mechanism【目录】概念隐喻视角下的海子诗歌三大主题意象研究Abstract7-8摘要9-10List of figures10-11Chapter One Introduction11-141.1 Research Background11-121.2 Objective and Significance of the Thesis121.3 The Outline of the Thesis12-14Chapter Two Literature Review14-222.1 Introduction to Hai Zi and Hai Zis Poetry14-162.1.1 Hai Zis Personal Background142.1.2 Hai Zis Main Works and Features of His Poetry14-152.1.3 Social Background of His Poetry Writing15-162.2 Previous Studies on Hai Zis Poetry16-182.2.1 Traditional Approach to Hai Zis Poetry16-172.2.2 Study of Images in Hai Zis Poetry17-182.3 Conceptual Metaphors in Literature18-212.3.1 Researches on Conceptual Metaphors in Literature Abroad18-202.3.2 Researches on Conceptual Metaphors in Literature at Home20-212.4 Cognitive Approach to Poetry21-22Chapter Three Theoretical Framework22-343.1 A Brief Retrospect on Metaphor Research22-253.1.1 Comparison Theory22-233.1.2 Substitution Theory233.1.3 Interaction Theory23-243.1.4 Conceptual Metaphor Theory24-253.2 Lakoff and Johnsons Conceptual Metaphor Theory25-313.2.1 Classification of Conceptual Metaphor Theory26-283.2.2 Features of Conceptual Metaphor28-303.2.3 Working Mechanism of Conceptual Metaphor30-313.3 Significance of CMT in Analysis of Poetry31-34Chapter Four Subject Images in Hai Zis Poetry34-504.1 Image and Poetry34-394.1.1 Definition of Image34-364.1.2 Classification of Images in Poetry36-394.2 The Three Subject Images in Hai Zis Poetry39-504.2.1 Wheat Image in Hai Zis Poetry40-454.2.2 The Sun Image in Hai Zis Poetry45-464.2.3 The Dark Night Image in Hai Zis Poetry46-50Chapter Five Metaphorical Analysis of The Three Subject Images in Hai Zis Poetry50-615.1 Identification of Metaphors in The Three Subject Images in Hai Zis Poetry50-525.1.1 Language Data Collection50-515.1.2 Language Data Processing51-525.2 Cultural Features of Metaphors in Hai Zis Poetry52-555.2.1 Metaphors and Chinas Agricultural Civilization52-535.2.2 Metaphors and Religion and Mythology53-545.2.2.1 Metaphors and Christianity535.2.2.2 Metaphors and Greek Mythology53-545.2.3 Metaphors and Philosophy54-555.2.3.1 Metaphors and Existentialism545.2.3.2 Metaphors and Nietzsches Superman Philosophy54-555.3 Working Mechanism of Metaphors in Hai Zis Poetry:similarity55-615.3.