牛津英语初中动名词和动词不定式综合练习.doc

中小学1对1课外辅导专家精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义教学目标：综合复习非谓语动词中的动名词和动词不定式教学内容Part 1 动名词的几个特殊情况：1) 有些动词的后面能跟动名词做宾语，有些动词能跟不定式，有些两者都可以， 它们的具体含义有时还不一样。 能跟动名词的动词有： consider, dislike, enjoy, finish, keep, mind, 等。 能跟不定式的动词有： decide, expect, hope, mean, want, wish, 能跟动名词和不定式的动词有： love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, start, 2) 动词后面跟动名词还是不定式，含义不相同，总的来说，表示习惯的， 一般性的动作多跟动名词，一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。 I like to go with you. 我想和你一块儿去。 I like reading. 我喜欢阅读。 He promised to help her. 他答应过要帮助她。 We love watching VCD. 我们喜欢看VCD。 3) remember, forget, regret后面跟动名词时，动名词表示过去的动作，后面跟不定式时，不定式表示将来的动作。 I remember meeting him in the street. 我记得在街上见过他。 I remember to write a letter to my parents. 我想起来要给我父母亲写信。 4) stop + 动名词表示停止动名词所表示的动作， stop + 不定式表示停下来 做不定式所表示的动作。 Stop smoking, please. 请不要抽烟 。 Lets stop to have a rest. 咱们停下来休息一下吧。 5) 动名词和分词的区别： 动名词作定语时，动名词和它所修饰的词没有逻辑上的主谓关系，表功能。而分词作定语时， 分词和它所修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系。 reading text 阅读课文 动名词 a sleeping bag 睡袋 动名词 developing country 发展中国家 分词 Part 2 动词不定式(1) 常见带to的动词有： ask , want , like, teach , allow , advise , persuade , require , tell , cause (2) 常见不带to的动词有：常见感官动词：see , watch , hear , feel , notice 常见使役动词：have , make , let help sb to do sthhelp sb do sth (均可以，但用法有些微差别)注意：动词hope, demand, agree, suggest, insist 等不能跟不定式作宾语补足语。错误：I hope you to come earlier tomorrow.正确：I hope you will/ can come earlier tomorrow.错误：I agree you to leave early.正确：I allow you to leave early.常见的含有动词不定式的句式主要有以下几种：一. It takes sb. some time （money）to do sth. 某人花费多少时间（金钱）做某事。例如： 1. It often takes me half an hour to watch TV every evening. 每天晚上我常常用半小时看电视。 2. It took me ten yuan to buy the book last week. 上周我花了10元买那本书。 3. How long will it take them to finish the work? 完成那项工作需要花费他们多少时间？ 在使用该句式要注意的是：sb. 如果代词表示用宾格；take随时态改变；句中的时间用段时间，对此提问用how long。 例：It takes us more than two hours to do our homework every day. It took us more than two hours to do our homework yesterday. It will take us more than two hours to do our homework tomorrow. How long did it take you to do your homework yesterday? 二. Its time to do sth. 该做某事了，同义句为： Its time for sth. / doing sth. 例： Its time to go to school. 该上学了。 （Its time for school.） Its time to get up. 该起床了。 （Its time for getting up.） 此句可以扩展为：Its time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时间了。 for sb. to do sth. 是动词不定式的复合结构。例： Its time for me to work. 到我工作的时间了。 Its time for you to go to school. 到你们上学的时间了。三. 主语be（not）+adj.+enough to do sth. （某人、某物）足够（不能）做某事。例： The boy is old enough to go to school. 这个孩子到了上学年龄。 Im tall enough to reach the top of the tree. 我够高能够到树顶。 1. 此句是肯定句时，可以用主besoadj.that的句型（即sothat表示的结果状语从句）来替换。 The boy is so old that he can go to school. Im so tall that I can reach the top of the tree. 2. 此句是否定句式时，既可以用sothat引导的结果状语从句来替换，还可以用tooto句式替换。例： He is not old enough to go to work. 他太小不能去上班。 He is so young that he cant go to work. He is too young to go to work. 再如： The box is not light enough for me to carry. 这个箱子太重我搬不动。 The box is too heavy for me to carry. The box is so heavy that I cant carry it. 四. sb. +be ready + to do sth. （某人乐意做某事） He is always ready to help others. （他总是乐于帮助别人） Im always ready to make new friends. 我总是乐于结交新朋友。五. Its +adj. + for / of sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事例： Its dangerous for children to play football in the street. 对孩子来说在街上踢足球是很危险的。 Its good for us to take more exercise. 对我们来说多运动是有益的。 Its very kind of you to say so. 你这样说真是太好了。 Its very kind of you to help me. 你真好，肯帮我。 该句式中，引导动词不定式的逻辑主语的介词用for还是of，主要取决于前面的形容词。如果形容词是描述动词不定式的行为者的性格、品质的。如：kind, good, nice, wrong, right, clever, careless, foolish等，应用of；如果形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对动词不定式的行为者的品质进行评价的，就用for. 常见这类形容词有difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous等。 Its wrong of you to do it. 你做这件事是错的。 Its hard for you to be a lawyer. 对你来说做律师很困难。六. 主+would like / love to do sth. 喜欢（想做某事） Id like to go there with you. 我很想和你一起去那。 Id love I like to help you study English. 我很愿意帮你学英语。 此句式还可以扩展为： would like / love sb. to do sth. “喜欢/想让某人做某事。” Id like you to stay here. 我想让你留在这。 Id like them to help me. 我想让他们帮助我。七. had better do sth. （最好做） Its very cold outside, youd better put on your coat. 外面很冷，你最好穿上大衣。 Wed better go right now. 我们最好马上去。 had better do 的否定式为had better not do. （在better后加not即可）例： Youd better not speak when your mouth is full of food. 满嘴食物时你最好别讲话。八. Why dont you +动词原形+？（Why not动词原形？）你为什么不？ 这本书有点难，为什么不读些容易的？ This book is a bit hard, why not read something easier? Its warm here, why dont you take off your coat? 这很暖和，你为什么不脱掉外衣？ There is a seat, why not sit down? 还有座位，怎么不坐下？九. Would / Will / Could you please 动词原形？ 请你好吗？（用来请求对方为自己做某件事） Would you please bring some water with you? 请你带点水来好吗？ Will you please help her with her maths? 请你帮她学数学好吗？十. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿也不愿 I prefer to stay at home rather than go out. 我宁愿呆在家里，也不愿出去。 She prefers to be poor rather than get money in such a way. 她宁愿受穷也不愿以这种方式挣钱。十一. Its ones turn to do sth. 该轮到谁做某事了。 ones用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格来替换。例： Its my turn to be on duty. 该轮到我值日了。 Its Li Pings turn to clean the blackboard. 该轮到李平擦黑板了。 Its our turn to do the cleaning. 该轮到我们做扫除了。 Its Dannys turn to give a talk. 该轮到Danny做报告了。十二. 主语be形容词to do sth. 做某事如何。例： Im sorry to hear that. 听到这事很难过。 Im glad to see you again. 再次见到你我很高兴。Part 3非谓语动词正误解析1. Learn English is very important to us .2. My job is teach these children .3. He will invite some friends have dinner .4. My biggest challenge is improve basketball skills .5. Hear the good news, all of the students jumped up.6. He will go to Hainan have a long holiday.7. He was very angry find his toy car broken.8. On my way home, I saw a big dog lie under the tree.9. Its time go to school .10. Tom has finished to repair his broken bike .PART4 实战演练.1. So much work usually makes them _ very tired. A. to feelB. feelsC. feelingD. feel 2. Many boys and girls are made _ what theyre not _. A. to do, interestedB. to do, interested in C. do, interested inD. doing, interested 3. He asked me _ to his birthday party. A. to goB. goC. goesD. went 4. The teacher told the students _ in class. A. not talkB. dont talk C. didnt talkD. not to talk 5. I didnt go to bed until I finished _ my homework. A. to doB. doingC. didD. do 6. He doesnt feel like _ anything today. A. to eatB. eatingC. eatD. ate 7. We saw him _ the building and go upstairs. A. to enterB. enter C. enteringD. entered 8. When I was walking in the street. I saw a plane _ over my head. A. fliesB. flyingC. flewD. to fly 9. Stop _ so much noise! Father is working at the desk. A. to makeB. makingC. to hearD. hearing 10. You must be very tired. Why not _ a rest? A. to stop to haveB. to stop having C. stop to haveD. stop having 11. Im sorry, I _ my homework at home. Thats all right. Dont forget _ it to school this afternoon. A. forget, to takeB. forget, bring C. left, to takeD. left, to bring 12. Wheres my letter, Mum? You posted it yesterday. Oh, I really forget _ it. A. postB. postsC. to postD. posting 13. I really dont know _ about it. A. what to doB. how to C. to do whatD. how can I do 14. Youd better _ his computer. Mine is broken. A. useB. usesC. to useD. using 15. Youd better _ football in the street. A. not playB. playingC. not to playD. play 16. _ you like to go shopping with me? Yes, I _. A. Would, wouldB. Will, will like C. Would, would loveD. Would, would love to 17. The doctor often tells him _ more exercise. A. to takeB. takingC. takenD. take 18. Would you please tell Kate _ my best wishes to everybody. A. gaveB. givingC. to giveD. gives 19. Cranny asked Li Feng _ some shopping for her. A. doB. doesC. to doD. did 20. My friend Kate asked me _ to the zoo with her. A. goB. to goC. wentD. going 21. The teacher often tells Jim and John _ too much time playing video games. A. not to spendB. to not spend C. dont spendD. doesnt spend 22. Her mother told her _ in b