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我国文化产业国际竞争力研究摘要:文化自古至今都是中外交流的重要桥梁,文化在对外贸易中起着非常重要的的作用。20 世纪90 年代以来我国文化贸易处于萌芽阶段,其发展水平与发达国家差距很大。近几年来,我国开始在各方面支持发展文化产业,以不断缩小与发达国家之间的差距。本文分析了我国文化贸易的发展现状和问题并采用指标评价方法与实证分析中国文化贸易国际竞争力,用SWOT分析法分析影响我国文化贸易竞争力水平的因素,最后从三个方面给出了相关的政策建议。关键词:文化贸易;国际竞争力;政策建议;文化产业Study oninternationalcompetitiveness ofChinasculturalindustryAbstractCultureisabridgeforSino-foreignexchangessince ancient times, and plays a very importantroleinforeign trade.Culturaltradein Chinainthe 1990 of the 20th centuryinits infancystage,ithasalargedevelopmentgapwith thedeveloped countries.In recent years,Chinasupportsthedevelopmentof culturalindustryinallaspects,so asto narrowthe gapbetweendeveloped and This paperanalyses thepresentcondition andproblem ofculturaltrade developmentandadoptedevaluationmethodandempiricalanalysisof internationalcompetitiveness of Chineseculture,trade,usingSWOTanalysis toanalyzefactorsthataffectthecompetitivenesslevelofChinascultural trade,finallygivenfromthreeaspects:policyrecommendations.Key words:Culturaltrade; Internationalcompetitiveness; Policyrecommend; culturalindustryAcknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my supervisor, Mr. Wang Hai Yuan, for his instructive advice and useful suggestions on my thesis,and for his constant encouragement and guidance. he has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis.I am deeply grateful of his help in the completion of this thesis,without his consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form.Second, I am also deeply indebted to all the other tutors and teachers in Business English studies for their direct and indirect help to me. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years.精品文档交流Contents中文摘要.iAbstractiiAknowledgements.iiiIntroduction.1I. Present situation ofculturaltraderesearchinChina and abroad.2 A. Researchstatus offoreignscholars.2 B. Researchstatus ofdomesticscholars. .2II.Thestrategicsignificanceofculturaltrade oninternational competitiveness.3 A. Powerofculturaltradedevelopmentistheonlyoption.3 B. Help toenhancetheinternationalimageandimpact4 C.Improvethestructureofimport and exportcommodities.4 D.Promotingsustainable developmentofculturaltrade.5III. Tradedevelopmentpresent situation analysis and characteristics of Chinese culture.5A.Analysisof thepresent situationofculturaltrades.5B.Characteristicsofcultureandtradein China.7.SWOT analysisofChinaforeigntradeandculturaldevelopment.7A. S-ThemainadvantagesofChinainternationalculturaltradedevelopment.7B. W- The disadvantage ofChinasforeigntradeandculturaldevelopment.7C. O-The opportunitiesofChinasforeigntradeandculturaldevelopment.8D. T-The threats ofChinasforeigntradeandculturaldevelopment.8. Chinaculturaltradedevelopmentpolicyproposals.8 A. Governmentpolicyproposals.9B.Culturalindustriespolicyrecommendations.10C.Enterpriselevelpolicyrecommendations.12Conclusion.13Notes.14Bibliography.15精品文档交流Study oninternationalcompetitiveness ofChinasculturalindustryIntroductionDuetoourculturehasa longhistory,awealthofresourcesforcultural providesverygoodconditionsforthedevelopmentoftrade.Butat thesame time,weareseeingsome ofthedeveloped countriesbyusing technology,developedeconomy,andimprovetheinstitutionaland other aspectsof acompanysadvantage,producinghighlycompetitiveexportsof culturalproducts,dominatestheinternationalmarketposition.Currentlymostof thedeficitinthetradeofChineseculture,competitivenessisnotstrong,facingthepressure of international competitionarenotoptimistic.Againstthisbackground,studyingthetradecompetitivenessofChinese cultureisveryimportant.Economicaspectsofculturehaveaspecial competitiveadvantage,itisable tokeep pace with,followthechangesof thetimesandchanges,abletowithstandthetestoftime.Inthedeepeningeconomicglobalizationtoday,culturalinnovationand changeatthesame time,culturalinnovationandreformshavecreatednew spaces,andotheraspectsofeconomicstrategyhas nosuchability.Economy andcultureembodiesatotaleffect,itisnot onlyaneconomicfunction,andisthehomeofeconomy,aneconomicstructure.Culturaleconomic developmentcanbringsuch assports,arts,themedia, andevenpolitical developments.Culturaleconomycanalsoplayaroleinpromotingemployment,guaranteethestabilityoftheStateandsociety,nationalimageenhancement functions.Becauseofthecultureandidentityofintimacyand other reasons,culturaltradeeasiertoformRadiationeffects,otherindustries willfollowtheculturalandeconomicdevelopment,andevenhasthe potentialtobecomeanimportantmagic weaponofthetradenegotiations.I. Present situation ofculturaltraderesearchinChina and abroadA.Researchstatus offoreignscholars ByPorterfoundedtheinternationalcompetitivenessof thecountry,diamond modelfocused,demand,productionandrelatedindustriesandthefourbasic elementsof thestrategyof theenterpriseisthelargestandmostdirect impactonindustrialcompetitivenessfactors,starting pointofnational competitiveadvantageandthereisindustrycompetitiveadvantage.Thediamondmodelhasintroducednewanalysischartandanalysismethodisa break through,isconductingacompetitivenessstudyofthemostcomplete theory.“Manyscholarsintheresearchprocess,thediamondmodelproposed revisionandimprovement.Dunning(1993)said thattheroleoftransnational corporationsintheglobaleconomyisstrong.”1“Cho(1994)pointed out thatthediamondmodelcan bemorereasonableto explaintheinternationalcompetitivenessofindustryin thedeveloped world,basedonanextensiveanalysisofthepointsraised.”2Butfor developing countriesorleastdeveloped countriesontheinterpretationof theinternationalcompetitivenessoftheindustry,thediamondmodelproposednine-factormodel.B. Researchstatus ofdomesticscholarsMostChinesescholarsbycomparingtheoverseasculturalindustrytheoryof internationalcompetition,internationalculturaltradecompetitiveness analysistheeconomicanalysismodelwithdiamondmodel,as well as improvethecontrastwithChinasactual situation,tostudythecultural industriesinternationallycompetitive:Theoryoninternational competitivenessofChinastwomainaspectsofthestudyistheanalysisof constructingtheindexsystemofindustrialinternationalcompetitiveness andinternationalcompetitivenessofaspecificindustry.Pei Changhong internationalcompetitivenessindicatorsrepresentativeof theindustryare mainlytwokinds,namelytoshowtheindex(leadingtocompetition)and analysis(competitiveperformanceresults)two,thisisthefirst time Chinesescholarsproposedforevaluationof theindustrialcompetitiveness ofmorerationalandsystematicevaluationindexessystem.3II.Thestrategicsignificanceofculturaltradeoninternational competitivenessA.Powerofculturaltradedevelopmentistheonlyoption.Toscientific and technologicalprogressandinnovationasprimarycatalyst ofeconomicdevelopmentof thewhole society,as the premier strategy enhance independent innovation abilityisthecoreofbuildingan innovation-orientedcountry.At present,our countryisatruemanufacturing power,domesticresourcesandenvironmentaldeteriorationincontradiction with sstatusastheworldsfactory.Becauseof thetechnologicalcontent ofproductsis toolow,littleornocreativedesign,highbrandrecognition reasons,affectChinasoverallexporttrade.“Chinaseconomicdevelopment in thefuturewillbemoredependent onknowledgeinnovation,ratherthan investment,costofdepletingresourcesforcompetitiveadvantage.”4 Creativityandculturalindustriestalentsagglomerationeffects,doesnot take uptoomuchlandandresources,isaknowledge-intensiveindustry,not resource-intensiveindustries,hasalowinputandhighreturnsand so on.Culturalproductsandgeneralproductcomparison,profitsareterrifying.Vigorouslypromoteculturalproductsgo,you canincreasetheaddedvalue ofChinasexportproducts,isour countrybytradingpowertotradepowers, theonlychoice.B. Help toenhancetheinternationalimageandimpactCulturalproductsarenot onlycommodities,economicattributes,and propertiesofthespirit,ideology,abouttheroleofthebrandimageofa countryabroadshould not beunderestimated.Itcanreflectthiscountry s leveloftechnologicaldevelopment,expandingitsculturalinfluenceand radiation,and toimprovetheirinternationalcompetitiveness.“Nowall countriesplaytheculturecardthroughculturalinfluenceexpandingits brandawareness,butalsoisan importantcarriertoshowcasetheircultural image.”5For instanceUnited Statescultureandtherapidexpansionofthe marketshareofworldculture,broughtitshugetradingrevenueatthesame time,United Stateshegemonyandculturalvaluestotheworld.Chinese cultureis broad and profound,isourmarketinginnovativeproducts,a solid foundationintheinternationalarena,Chinasoutstandingculturaland creativeproducts,goingout,forthedisseminationofChineseculture,establishnewimageofextraordinary.C. Improvethestructureofimport and exportcommoditiesOntradeingoodsin Chinahaveacertaincompetitiveness,manyproductsof exportshareintheinternationalmarketaccounts foralargeproportion.However,seenfromthetradestructure,westilllagbehindontheservice,whichisamajorfactorin thetradeimbalancein China.Asaspecial culturaltrade,tradeinserviceshasbecomepartofinternational trade.Culturaltradeaspartofthetertiary sector,withgoodpotentialfor development.Therefore,thedevelopmentof theculturalexports,will promotethenewdevelopmentofChinasservice industry,oryou canpromote theimprovementofChinasexportstructureand.D.Promotingsustainable developmentofculturaltradeAll along, thequantitativegrowthandtradeprocessing-orientedmanneris animportantmeasuretoenhancecompetitiveness,however,fromthepointof viewofsustainable development,is notareasonableapproach.Therefore,transformingthemodeofforeign tradegrowth,improvevalue-addedproducts hasbecomeatop priority.“Culturalindustrieswithhighadded valueinline withthedirectionofeconomicdevelopmentofour country,itsgreat attractionnot onlyintermsofdirecteconomic benefits,alsohasastrong industrialimplicationandrippleeffects.”6 Such astheonethisbiglongnot onlyledtohitsthermal,greatlypromotingKoreaearn foreign exchange throughtheexportofculturalproductshasbrought aboutdirecteconomic benefits,butalsoledtheKoreatravel,beauty,food,clothing,cosmetics andotherindustrialdevelopment,andmakemore andmorepeopleinKorea favor.Thus,promotingculturalexports,thesustainable developmentisnot onlyconducive totrade,aswellasotherrelatedindustryproductsexports.III. Tradedevelopmentpresent situation analysis and characteristics of Chinese cultureA.Analysisof thepresent situationofculturaltradeTradeoverallisgood,culturaltradeweak.“Since2001afterjoiningtheWTO,Chinasforeign traderapidgrowthin overall,an increaseofabout20%.Butwecouldntcheeronculturaltrade.”7 Anecdotaldataandstatisticsfromthedifferentculturemedia,it isnot difficulttoseetheculturaldevelopmentofthetradeimbalanceisareal problemfacingChinasculturaltrade,thereis ahugedeficit.Fromthe overallperspective,culturaltrade volumeisincreasing,buttrade volume ratiohasnotimprovedsignificantly,lackofculturaltradedevelopment:No brandofculturalproductsandservicesintheworldbasedonthemain stream market.NeitherUnited States-styleblockbustersnorwillleadAsiasKorean wave,whichdoes notmatchwithChinas5,000yearsof civilization.Culturaltradeproductstructure is unreasonable.Unreasonableproductstructureisanotherphenomenoninculturaltrade,culturaltradetoolsandthephysicalcarrierofcultureistheculturein hardware,such asfilm,cameras,video recorders,video cameras, etc.Their trade volumeaccountedformore thanhalfofChinastotal foreigntrade,is thesecond-largestexporter.8Butitstradeisequaltogoodstrade,less profit,advantagehumancapitalinour countryifit isnotobvious,restrictedtheirexportshigh.Cultureisamajorcomponentofcultural software,such asfilms,books,games,theatricalperformances, and so on.Ithasbothcommercialpropertyandart,willbringin anextrasuperhigh profits.9For examplethepopularityofKorean dramasofKoreabringsthe hugerevenuesfromtrade,bringingnot onlyfilm and televisionincomeat thesame timepromotethedevelopmentofindustriesassociatedwiththefilm and televisionindustry,asIdol-relatedclothing,toys,musicindustrysuch asdevelopment.ButtheChinesearenotmakingafar-reachinglikeDaeJang geumseries,filmslike thiswillnot onlybringeconomicbutalsocultural influence.B.Characteristicsofcultureandtradein ChinaFirst,Culturaltradebody is single,andsecond,theculturalcompositionof trade imbalances,thethirdistradeimbalanceofregionaldevelopment,geographicalhierarchyoffourculturaltradeisconcentrated. SWOT(Strengths Weakness Opportunity Threats)analysisofChinaforeigntradeandculturaldevelopmentA.S-ThemainadvantagesofChinainternationalculturaltradedevelopment. Firstof all,Chinaholdculturehasa longhistoryandabundantcultural resources.Second,Chinahasabroadmarketat home and abroadofcultural products,andhugemarketpotential,thusconducive tothedevelopmentof Chinasforeigntradeandculture.B.W-The disadvantage ofChinasforeigntradeandculturaldevelopment.First it isaweakfoundationofculturalindustries.At present,Chinaslarge culturalenterpriseswithinternationalinfluenceisminimal,overallthe majorityofsmallerculturalenterprisesinChinatotake advantageofscale tocompeteintheinternationalmarket.Second,lackofinnovationof culturalindustry,outputchannels.”CurrentlyinChina,thelackof innovationofculturalindustry,exportofculturalproductsare mostly traditionalandculturalproducts,theseproductswithlowadded valueand do notreflectChineseculturalindustryhaspotentialvalue.“10 Threecultural industryisthelackofspecializedpersonnel.Talentshortageseverely restrictsthereleaseofculturalresources,economic benefitsand efficiencyandeffectivenessofexportsofculturalproductsandservices.C.O-The opportunitiesofChinasforeigntradeandculturaldevelopment.DevelopmentofChinasforeigntradeandcultureisfacingunprecedented opportunities,thestrongsupportofnationalpolicyon theone handand increasingfinancialinputforthedevelopmentofChinasforeigntradeand cultureprovidesastrongpoliticalsupport,on theother handagood communicationplatformfortheeconomicdevelopmentandculturalinnovation topromotetheinternationalinfluenceof theChineseculturepromotion.D. T-The threats ofChinasforeigntradeandculturaldevelopment.First of all,it wasliberalizedtraderules,andontheoverallsituationofChinas culturalindustry,lackoftransnationalculturalenterprisewith internationalimpact,intheinternationalmarketisfacingUnited Statesa stronginfluxofculturalproductsandservices,Chinesecultural enterprisesseemto bemorevulnerable.Therefore,thecurrentinternational traderulesforculturaltradedevelopmentinChinaisnegative.IIisa strongcompetitorin theinternationalmarket,Chinasculturalindustryand theculturaltradestartedlate,andintheinitialstageofChinas culturalindustry,funding,marketing,productmarketing,technical innovationandtalentsupplyareasarenotmatureenough,difficult to contendwithculturalpower. Chinaculturaltradedevelopmentpolicyproposals A.Governmentpolicyproposals First perfecttheculturaltradepolicylegalsystem.Culturaltradedevelopmentfirstof alltothedevelopmentofcultural industries.First,thecultureindustryhas juststartedandneedsinthe developmentofforeign trad

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