AP Chemistry Syllabus.doc

Honors Chemistry II and AP Chemistry Syllabus2011-2012Primary Text:Chemistry, 6th Edition, Zumdahl and Zumdahl ISBN 0-618-26505Supplementary Print Resources:Chemistry A Guided Inquiry, Richard S. Moog, John J. Farrell ISBN 0-471-69941Chem13 News Chemistry Education Magazine published by University of Waterloo (Canada)Lab Resources: Teacher collected labs from various lab manuals, ChemEd conferences, Woodrow Wilson T.O.R.C.H. Institute, teacher exchangesLab activities from the North Carolina School of Science and Math Workshop resourcesVernier Chemistry with CalculatorsApproximately three virtual labs from NC School of Science and Math Online AP Chemistry (Combination of wet labs and virtual labs)Technology Resources: TI-83-Plus calculators and Graph Link connections for computersWireless laptop Dell computers (checked out from school media center)Vernier LabPro and probesGraphical Analysis 3Spec-20 spectrophotometerElectronic balancesGeneral laboratory equipmentSmartBoardLCD ProjectorPrincipal Online Resources: Webassign Online Homework site (paid subscription site) Chem Team Main Menu http:/dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/ChemTeamIndex.htmlSAS in Schools/Unitedstreaming Video Site/Review Resources: Princeton Reviews Cracking the AP Chemistry Exam by Paul Foglino Webassign Online Homework site (see above)Course OverviewThe course is taught in two semesters of 90 days each. The first semester is called Honors Chemistry II, and the second is AP Chemistry. Each days class consists of a 90-minute block. Laboratory work is completed during one to three lab periods, depending on each labs complexity. Teaching StrategiesAs this is a second year course, students are expected to have a sound prior understanding of the basics of the following concepts: Nomenclature and equation writing and balancing Molar relationships Atomic structure, including electronic structure History of atomic theory Periodicity Gas laws SolutionsThese topics are revisited during AP, but are covered more quickly. Classes consist of problem solving, discussion of chemical concepts, laboratory work, lecture, and some demonstrations. A second semester project called “Ghosts of Chemists Past” requires students to do in depth research on a chemist of their choice outside of class. The project consists of numerous parts, each turned in towards the end of the semester, and each requiring research into the life and work of a particular chemist of historical significance. The total of all parts of the project counts as a test grade. Quizzes are given biweekly, homework is assigned nightly, and chapter tests are given at the end of each chapter. For chapter tests, I use questions from Zumdahls 6th Edition Test Bank, Princeton Reviews Cracking the AP Chemistry Test, released AP Test questions. Students work in pairs on most labs. A few labs are geared for individual work. Each student is required to keep a permanently bound lab notebook, containing lab reports for each lab, including purpose, procedure, data, calculations, percent error, percent yield, where appropriate, and possible sources of error. These are graded after each lab. Students have a free exchange of ideas and techniques during lab classes. A few labs take the form of problems to be solved when students are given limited information and must develop lab procedures and carry them out to solve the problems. A lab practical is given and counts as 25% of the semester exam grade.GradingTests 50%, Labs 30%, Quizzes 10%, Homework, 5%, Class work 5%The following is an outline of the topics and chapters covered and the order of coverage for each topic during the first semester.PrerequisitesChemical Laboratory SafetyChemical Laboratory EquipmentRequirements for Lab ManualChapter 1 Chemical FoundationsRelationships between measurements Unit conversions within the metric system and between metric and English unitsAccuracy and precisionSignificant figures-rules and applicationsDimensional analysisDensity determinations, calculations, applicationsPhysical and chemical properties/changesTemperature conversionsChapter 2 Atomic Theory, Atoms, Molecules, and IonsOverview of the development of the atomic theory, including Daltons theoryModern atomic theory of atomic structureIsotopic symbols-students determine protons, electrons and neutrons from symbolsCalculating average atomic massNomenclature review (ionic, covalent, and acid nomenclature rules)Cation/anion formation and namesProperties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloidsChapter 18 Nuclear ChemistryBand of stabilityNuclear particles and their propertiesWriting and balancing nuclear equationsHalf-life problemsApplications of Nuclear ChemistryChapter 3 StoichiometryMolar mass calculationsPercent composition problemsEmpirical formula/molecular formula determinationsMass/mole/particle/volume conversionsPrediction of products of chemical reactionsPrecipitation reactionsWriting and balancing equations from word equations Complete molecular Complete ionic Net ionicStoichiometric calculations Mole-mole Mole-mass Mass-mole Mass-mass Mass-volume Percent yieldChapter 4 Solution Stoichiometry and Redox ReactionsSolubility rulesPolar and nonpolar moleculesElectrolytesMolarity problemsMaking dilutionsTitration calculationsReaction Prediction and equation writingNeutralization reactionsRecognizing redox reactionsAssigning oxidation numbersDetermining oxidized and reduced species in reactionsWriting redox half-reactionsBalancing redox reactions in acid and basic solutionsDefinitions of acid, base, indicators, oxidation, reductionChapter 22 Organic ChemistryNomenclature of the alkane, alkene, and alkyne seriesCis-Trans IsomerismBasic functional groups Alcohols, Esters, Carboxylic AcidsAromatic hydrocarbonsDehydration synthesisHalogenated hydrocarbonsPreparation of aspirin and calculation of % yieldChapter 5 GasesKinetic Molecular TheoryConverting between pressure unitsAvogadros LawIdeal Gas LawBoyles, Charles, and Gay-Lussacs Laws problems and applicationsGrahams LawDetermining molar mass from gas densityChapter 7 Atomic Structure and PeriodicityPeriodicity of atomic trends (groups and periods)Electron configurations and atomic propertiess, p, d, f orbitals and their positions on the periodic tableValence electrons as a function of familyNoble gas core configurationsChapter 14 Acids and Bases (covered 1st and 2nd semesters)pH scaleCalculation of H+, OH-, pH, and pOHCalculations based on experimental titration dataSections of Chapters 8 and 10 Chemical BondingTypes of chemical bondsElectronegativity and bond polarityVSEPR and Lewis StructuresMolecular geometryIntermolecular forces and physical propertiesHeating and cooling curvesThe following is an outline of the topics and chapters covered and the order of coverage during the second semester. These topics are covered more slowly than those topics in first semester.Chapter 6 Thermochemistry and ThermodynamicsLaw of Conservation of EnergyPotential and Kinetic EnergyThermosicles Lab-preparation of a heating curve for H2O Chemical energyDelta E= q +wEnthalpy calculationsEntropyDelta H, Delta S, Delta G calculationsQ= m Cp D T calculationsCalorimetry Determining Cp of unknown metal labHesss Law problemsHesss Law LabDelta Hf calculationsChapter 13 Chemical EquilibriumWriting equilibrium expressionsCalculation of equilibrium constantsSolving equilibrium problems Kp,Kc, KspLe Chateliers Principle and applicationsPredicting equilibrium shifts with changing conditionsChapter 12 Chemical KineticsReaction RatesRate LawsReaction MechanismsLab-Determination of Rate of Decomposition of Crystal VioletChapters 14 and 15 Acids and BasesAcid-base theories; Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, and LewisStrength of acids and basesAcid-base titration curvesSolving acid-base problems pKa, pKb, pH, pOHAcid-Base Titrations and analysisChapter 17 ElectrochemistryGalvanic cellsCell PotentialStandard reduction potentialsNernst equation AP Labs1. Endothermic Reaction-inquiry activity with potassium bitartrate and sodium bicarbonate. Students measure temperature change as reaction proceeds, and then test various hypotheses to determine variables which affect delta T.2. Density of a Metal-determining the density of a metal sample and the density of a liquid sample. Measurement and error analysis3. Paper Chromatography-separation of ink pigments and calculation of Rf values4. Column Chromatography-using Sep-Pak columns and syringes for the separation of pigments in grape kool-aid5. Weigh to Go! Column chromatography lab onboard the Destiny Bus Traveling Science Laboratory. 6. Composition of Hydrates-Lab groups are given hydrates to determine the % H2O in the hydrate. Quantitative measurements, calculations, determination of the formula of the hydrate, and error analysis are performed.7. Molar Mass of a Gas-determination by density of vapor. Calculation of molar mass of a gas by experimental density determination. Error analysis8. Synthesis of Alum from Aluminum Cans-Students use vacuum filtration. Stoichiometric calculations of theoretical yield. Actual yield is determined. Percent yield is calculated and errors are analyzed.9. Using Conductivity to Determine Endpoint in Ba(OH)2 and H2SO4 titration-Use of class data to determine average molarity of Ba(OH)2 solution. Error analysis10. Molar Volume of a Gas-use of eudiometers, Mg ribbon, and HCl to produce and collect H2 gas. Write balanced equation for the reaction. Predict products, apply combined gas law and Daltons Law of Partial Pressures to correct experimental values to standard conditions. Calculate volume of gas from moles of Mg used11. Synthesis of Acetylsalicylic Acid-Write balanced equation including structural formulas, predict theoretical yield, calculate % yield. Error analysis12. Inquiry Lab-Two Problems Part A-Develop a procedure to identify three unknown liquids(H2O, ethanol, and oxalic acid)Part B-Develop and implement a plan to determine the number of moles and grams of acetic acid in a restaurant-sized packet of mustard. (Most students used titration.) 13. Evaporation and Intermolecular Forces-Use Vernier temperature probes and LabPro. Graph results as time vs. molar mass, using Graphical Analysis. Analyze data.14. Thermosicles Activity-Students freeze thermometers in 10 mL of H2O in test tubes overnight. They warm, read, and record temperatures and times from ice to boiling and graph to create a heating curve for water. They then determine the melting point and boiling point graphically.15. Hesss Law-small scale calorimeters are made and used to prove Hesss Law with NaOH and HCl reactions. Students measure masses, temperature changes and reaction steps to determine the stepwise and overall Delta enthalpy.16. Specific Heat of Cadmium determination-Since students have carried out a specific heat of a metal lab in chemistry I, using a coffee cup calorimeter, this is a virtual lab from the North Carolina School of Science and Math Online AP Chemistry Course. Students observe and record data in their lab notebooks from the online demonstration. They must then calculate the specific heat of Cd and the percent error.17. Equilibrium and Le Chateliers Principle (NCSSM Online AP Chemistry Course) Pre-lab-Students complete a pre lab sheet predicting shifts in directions in two reactions at equilibrium. They complete these pre lab sheets together during a brainstorming session and turn them in. They then complete data sheets