2014年广东高考语法填空解题技巧.ppt

Welcome 语法填空解题技巧 请将近年的广东高考语法填空题都认认真真做一遍 请在解题的过程中思考 1 短文体裁 记叙文 说明文 还是议论文 2 主要考点 没有题示词的纯空格题主要填了哪几类词 有提示词的题主要考查了哪几类语法知识 2013年广东高考真题 Oneday Nickinvitedhisfriendstosupper Hewascookingsomedeliciousfoodinthekitchen Suddenly he16 find thathehadrunoutofsalt SoNickcalledtohisson Gotothevillageandbuysomesalt butpayafairpriceforit neithertoomuch17 toolittle Hissonlookedsurprised found nor IcanunderstandwhyIshouldn tpaytoomuch Father butifIcanpayless 18 notsaveabitofmoney Thatwouldbeavery19 reason thingtodoinabigcity butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikeours Nicksaid Nick sguests 20 hadheardtheirconversation askedwhytheyshouldnotbuysaltmorecheaplyiftheycould why reasonable who Nickreplied Theonlyreasonamanwouldsellsalt21 alowerpricewouldbebecausehewasdesperateformoney Andanyonewhotookadvantageofthatsituationwouldbeshowingalackofrespect22 thesweatandstruggleofthemanwhoworkedveryhardtoproduceit at for Butsuchasmallthingcouldn t23 possible destroyavillage Inthebeginning therewasonly24 verysmallamountofunfairnessintheworld buteveryoneaddedalittle always25 think thatitwasonlysmallandnotveryimportant andlookwherewehaveendeduptoday possibly a thinking 请归纳这篇文章的考点设置有提示词 纯空格 语法填空题 空格设计 纯空格 连词17 介词21 22 冠词24 从句引导词20 疑问副词18 有提示词 谓语动词16 非谓语动词25 词性转换19 23 除了这些 还可能会考 代词 除了这些 还可能会考 比较等级 纯空格题的解题技巧 1 人称代词 当句子缺主语或宾语时 填人称代词 例1 Behindhimwereotherpeopletowhomhewastryingtotalk butaftersomeminutes walkedawayandsatnearme lookingannoyed they 此处缺主语 填代词 指代前面的otherpeople 例2 Heaskedhisteacher Sir thewaterwasawful Whydidyoupretendtolike it 此处缺宾语 填代词 指代前面的thewater 限定词是指冠词 形容词性物主代词 或可以作定语的不定代词等 2 限定词 在名词或 形容词 名词 前 填限定词 例3 Ayoungman whiletravelingthroughadesert cameacrossaspringofclearwater waterwassweet The 冠词 例4 Theyoungmanwenthomewithahappyheart Afterthestudentleft theteacherlet studenttastethewater another 不定代词 例5 Itissaidthatashort temperedmanintheSongDynasty 960 1279 wasveryanxioustohelp ricecropgrowupquickly his 形容词性物主代词 此时 要根据搭配的需要或句意的需要 如动词与介词的搭配 介词与后面名词的搭配等来确定填具体哪个介词 3 介词 当空格后的名词或动名词不是作主语 表语也不是作动词的宾语时 应为介词的宾语 故填介词 例6 Thenewboylookedattheteacher afewsecondsand for 介词 具体填哪个关联词 由两句之间的逻辑关系来决定 关联词包括连词和从句引导词 4 关联词 当空格前后都是句子且这两个句子之间没有关联词时 填关联词 例7 Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid grow higher but 转折连词 例8 Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim theyhadtolookatMary madeherfeellikeastar which 定语从句的引导词 有提示词的解题技巧 谓语动词 时态和语态 非谓语动词词性的转换形容词或副词的比较 最高级 有提示词 此时 要根据语境确定用哪种时态 根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用被动语态 还要考虑主谓一致 以及是否要用虚拟语气 1 谓语动词 当句子缺少谓语动词时 括号中的动词就是谓语动词 例9 Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking Jane inform wasinformed 若是非谓语动词就要确定用doing形式 done形式 还是todo形式 非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系 2 非谓语动词 当句中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词与括号中的动词 例10 Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday wear sunglasses wearing he与wear是主动关系 用现在分词 例11 Lessons learn insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople learned lessons与learn是被动关系 用过去分词 例12 Forexample theproverb pluckingupacrop help itgrow isbasedonthefollowingstory tohelp 帮助禾苗长 是 将禾苗拔高 的目的 用不定式作目的状语 要善于分析语境 辨别省略了than 的隐性比较级 3 比较等级 当括号中所给词是形容词或副词且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时 很可能填该词的比较级 或最高级 例13 Itmighthavemadeitalittle hard foreverybody harder 因madeit后作宾补 要用形容词 而hard作 困难的 解本身就是形容词 所以应考虑用其比较级 我们可根据以下3点顺利解题 1 作主语或宾语用名词形式 2 作定语 表语或补足语用形容词形式 3 修饰动词 形容词或另一副词 作状语 用副词形式 4 词类转化 当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时 就需要词类转化 例14 Histeachertookadeepdrink smiled warm andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater warmly 修饰谓语动词smiled 用副词 例15 ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather choose oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather choice 在that引导的宾语从句中作主语应当用名词 或者说 在形容词性物主代词后 一定是用名词 例16 Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir nature course natural 在名词course前 要用形容词 2013年广州调研 Once inalovelygarden livedthemostbeautifulbutterflyintheworld Shewassopretty andhadwonsomanybeautycompetitions16 shehadbecomeveryproud Oneday thenaughtycockroach 蟑螂 gotfedupwithhershowingoff anddecided17 teach heralesson that toteach 活学活用 Shewenttoseethebutterfly andinfrontofeveryoneshetoldherthatshewasn treallythatbeautiful andthatthebutterflyonlywonthecompetitions18 thejudgeshadbeenpaid In19 real thecockroachwasthemostbeautiful Thebutterflywasangryandtoldthecockroach I20 beat youinabeautycompetition withwhicheverjudgesyouyourselfchoose because reality willbeat OK Iaccept SeeyouonSaturday answeredthecockroach andleft21 waitingforareply ThatSaturdayeveryonewentto22 beautycompetition Thebutterflyarrivedcompletelyconfidentofvictoryuntilshesaw23 thejudgeswere cockroaches worms beetles Allof24 preferredtheuglinessandbadsmellofthecockroach without the who them Thebutterflywasleft25 sob anddisappointed wantingnevertoenteranotherbeautycompetitioninherlife Fortunately thecockroachforgavethebutterflyforherprideandtheybecamefriends sobbing 16 that 结果状语从句引导词 17 toteach 非谓语 18 because 原因状语从句引导词 19 reality 名词 20 willbeat 谓语 21 without 介词 22 the 冠词 23