中山大学新理5.0英语自主学习大厅第四册第三单元D套答案.doc

中山大学新理5.0英语自主学习大厅第四册第三单元D套答案B4U3-D Part I Listening Comprehension ( 15 minutes ) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear ten statements. Numbers 1 to 6 are based on Text A while the rest are based on Text B. Each statement will be read ONLY ONCE. Listen carefully and decide whether each statement is true or false. 1. A) T B) F Script: How to prepare for an interview should become a compulsory course for todays graduates. 正确答案： A 2. A) T B) F Script: To be competitive, you must learn to overcome your weak points and promote your strong points. 正确答案： A 3. A) T B) F Script: In the New York Marathon, the author and his daughter were encouraged to reach the deadline by a handicapped veteran. 正确答案： A 4. A) T B) F Script: The taxi driver was so courteous and generous that he offered his customer a free call. 正确答案： B 5. A) T B) F Script: To make a difference can always help people to obtain some favorable opportunities. 正确答案： A 6. A) T B) F Script: The authors mentor, Curt Carlson is always very generous and has passion for being first. 正确答案： A 7. A) T B) F Script: According to Text B, the author applied for a typist in a hospital for the only reason of making money. 正确答案： B 8. A) T B) F Script: The authors family thought that no one would marry her because of her ordinary looking, and therefore she had to work and live on her own. 正确答案： A 9. A) T B) F Script: The author was so worried and frightened that she couldnt finish the typing test. 正确答案： B 10. A) T B) F Script: She was lucky to get the opportunity of being interviewed because of her good English in the application letter. 正确答案： A Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. In America, people are faced with more and more decisions every day, whether its picking one of thirty-one ice cream (11)_ or deciding whether and when to get married. That sounds like a great thing, but as a recent study has shown, too many choices can make us (12)_ , unhappy, even paralyzed with (13)_ . “Thats (14)_ true when it comes to the work place”, says Barry Schwartz, an author of six books about human (15)_ . Students are graduating with a variety of skills and interests, but often find themselves (16)_ when it comes to choosing an (17)_ career goal. In a study, Schwartz observed decision-making among college students during their senior year. Based on answers to questions regarding their (18)_ and career decisions, he divided the students into two groups: maximizers, who consider every possible option, and satisfiers, who look until they find an option that is good enough. You might expect that the student who had undertaken the most exhausted search would be the most satisfied with their final decision, but it turns out thats not true. Schwartz found that while maximizers ended up with better-paying jobs than satisfiers on average, they werent as happy with their decision. The reason why these people (19)_ is that a world of possibilities may also be a world of missed opportunities. When you look at every possible option, you tend to focus more on what was given up than what was gained. After surveying every option, a person is more (20)_ the opportunities they had to turn down to pursue just one career. Script: In America, people are faced with more and more decisions every day, whether its picking one of thirty-one ice cream flavors or deciding whether and when to get married. That sounds like a great thing, but as a recent study has shown, too many choices can make us confused, unhappy, even paralyzed with indecision. “Thats particularly true when it comes to the work place”, says Barry Schwartz, an author of six books about human behavior. Students are graduating with a variety of skills and interests, but often find themselves overwhelmed when it comes to choosing an ultimate career goal. In a study, Schwartz observed decision-making among college students during their senior year. Based on answers to questions regarding their job hunting strategies and career decisions, he divided the students into two groups: maximizers, who consider every possible option, and satisfiers, who look until they find an option that is good enough. You might expect that the student who had undertaken the most exhausted search would be the most satisfied with their final decision, but it turns out thats not true. Schwartz found that while maximizers ended up with better-paying jobs than satisfiers on average, they werent as happy with their decision. The reason why these people feel less satisfied is that a world of possibilities may also be a world of missed opportunities. When you look at every possible option, you tend to focus more on what was given up than what was gained. After surveying every option, a person is more acutely aware of the opportunities they had to turn down to pursue just one career. 正确答案： flavors 正确答案： confused 正确答案： indecision 正确答案： particularly 正确答案： behavior 正确答案： overwhelmed 正确答案： ultimate 正确答案： job hunting strategies 正确答案： feel less satisfied 正确答案： acutely aware of Part II Reading Comprehension ( 25 minutes ) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. My mentor, Curt Carlson, is the 21 man in Minnesota, owner of a hotel and travel company with sales 22 $9 billion. I had to get to a meeting in New York one day, and Curt 23 offered me a ride in his jet. It happened to be a day Minnesota was hit with one of the worst snowstorms in years. Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport was closed for the first time in 24 . Then, though the storm continued to 25 us, the airport opened a runway for small craft only. As we were taxiing down it to 26 , Curt turned to me and said gleefully, “Look, Harvey, no tracks in the snow!” Curt Carlson, 70 years old at the time, rich beyond anyones wildest dreams, could still 27 with excitement about being first. From my 28 ,thats what its all about. Prepare to win. Never stop 29 . Believe in yourself, even when no one else does. Find a way to 30 . Then go out and make your own tracks in the snow. A) make a differenceB) strikeC) in the neighborhood ofD) take off E) generallyF) standpointG) sparkleH) take on I) poundJ) to learnK) wealthiestL) generously M) learningN) decadesO) make no difference 21._ 正确答案： K 22._ 正确答案： C 23._ 正确答案： L 24._ 正确答案： N 25._ 正确答案： I 26._ 正确答案： D 27._ 正确答案： G 28._ 正确答案： F 29._ 正确答案： M 30._ 正确答案： A Section B Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice. Passage One Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. Job sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one full-time job. The two people willingly act as part-time workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a full-time worker. If they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 percent of the jobs wages, its holidays and its other benefits. Of course, some job sharers take a smaller or larger share of the responsibilities of the position, receiving a lesser or greater share of the benefits. Job sharing differs from conventional part-time work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment. Job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people. Job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather, is to provide well-paid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities. As would be expected, women constitute the bulk of job sharers. A survey carded out in 1988 by Britains Equal Opportunities Commission revealed that 78 per cent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. Subsequent studies have come up with similar results. Many of these women were re-entering the job market after having had children, but they chose not to seek part-time work because it would have meant lower status. Job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into full-time work after a long absence. The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional one-position jobs. However, to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. Moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. In sum, for a position to be job-shared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals. 31. “Employee commitment” in Paragraph 2 refers to the employees _. A) loyalty B) qualification C) devotion D) technique 正确答案： A 32. Work sharing is different from job sharing in that _. A) it requires more working hours B) it doesnt matter with the unemployment problems C) it creates more job opportunities for the unemployed D) it offers a more satisfactory salary 正确答案： C 33. Job sharing is popular with young mothers mainly because _. A) they can take care of both work and family B) they are over ideal working ages C) they seek equal opportunities with men D) they have difficulty finding full-time jobs 正确答案： A 34. In job sharing the partners should _. A) be social equals B) know each other very well C) be intimate friends D) have similar working experience 正确答案： B 35. The main purpose of the passage is to _. A) distinguish between job sharing and work sharing B) describe job sharing in general C) criticize job sharing as inefficient D) discuss a way to tackle unemployment 正确答案： B Passage Two Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. Careers for women should not be any different from careers for men. Decisions about gainful and satisfying employment for women should be made on the basis of individual interest and abilities. A variety of factors can help women find better jobs. Women need better career planning and counseling. They should be encouraged to develop personal goals that will enable them to compete for good jobs in light of their abilities, desires and training. Career guidance should begin at the junior high school level, or even at the elementary school level, with the assistance of counselors, teachers and parents. Some women must change their career aspirations. Since openings in the usual womens occupations will not be sufficient to supply jobs for all women seeking work, they must choose alternatives in other occupations. Many of these jobs may pay higher wages and offer greater opportunities for promotion. In the past, too many women were forced to settle for second best. Others were willing to settle for inferior jobs because they felt that their stay in the labor force would be temporary. However, the situation is changing as more and more women become aware of the possibility of combining the roles of wife, mother, and homemaker with that of paid worker. Employers attitudes about womens roles and desires to work need to be changed. Perhaps, the overriding factors and the myths that employers, policymakers, and others in our society have unfairly associated with the work patterns of women. One such myth is that women are not seriously attached to the labor force, as they work only for pocket money. However, one recent study shows that of the 33 million women in the labor force, more than half are working because of pressing economic needs. These women comprise a group who are either single, widowed, divorced, separated, or married to men with incomes of less than $ 5,000 a year. Women constitute nearly two fifths of the work force. However, because of foregone conclusions about their interests and abilities, women are unfairly restricted in the kinds of jobs they hold. Their concentration in the less rewarding, lower paying occupations with fewer chances for advancement. Personal choice in the world of work will begin to become a reality when the guidance counselor, the shop teacher, the plant employer, and women themselves are able to develop an appreciation for the differences in personal abilities and desires. 36. Which of the following is the thing that the author advises women to do? A) To stay at home and become proficient with domestic work. B) To take jobs reserved for men when other jobs are unavailable. C) To remain in jobs usually dominated by women. D) To settle for second best jobs. 正确答案： B 37. According to this essay, women have often settled for inferior jobs because _. A) they only work for pocket money B) they do not expect to work very long C) employers have put much emphasis on factory laborers D) they think they are inferior to men 正确答案： B 38. According to the essay, which one is not mentioned? A) Women should appreciate their desires and personalities in choosing jobs for themselves. B) Women should plan their careers and consult others. C) Women should apply for jobs which offer higher pay and promotion. D) Women should, first of all, be good housewives whatever they do, or wherever they aim . 正确答案： D 39. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of this essay? A) Equality for men and women in employment is easier said than done. B) There should not be any difference between careers for men and women. C) Women should not have a sense of inferiority. D) Women are being treated unfairly in employment. 正确答案： B 40. Which is stated that is beneficial and helpful for women in job hunting? A) Employment direction. B) A peculiar self-introduction. C) Keeping relaxed in the interview. D) Concentrating on inferior jobs. 正确答案： A Part III Vocabulary and Structure ( 10 minutes ) Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. 41. Journalists who were _ off about the incident raced to the scene. A) informed B) tipped C) let D) told 正确答案： B 42. I have never laid _ to being an expert in this field. A) claim B) declare C) announcement D) issue 正确答案： A 43. My doctor suggested me to _ yoga. A) take a crack at B) have a crack of C) have crack of D) take crack at 正确答案： A 44. She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she _ too long. A) has been reading B) had read C) is reading D) read 正确答案： A 45. Her diamond necklace _ in the light. A) flashes B) sparkled C) beamed D) sparked 正确答案： B 46. Today, the Big Four, which hold somewhere _ 60 percent of the deposits and make about 66 percent of the loans in China, are insolvent. A) in the approach of B) in the neighborhood of C) on the region of D) in the approximation of 正确答案： B 47. My friend _ the bad news before I c