不锈钢基膜论文：不锈钢中空纤维基膜制备与表征.doc

不锈钢基膜论文：不锈钢中空纤维基膜制备与表征【中文摘要】本文运用非溶剂致相转化法(NIPS)制备了不锈钢中空纤维基膜前驱体,对其进行烧结得到不锈钢中空纤维基膜,采用密度、孔隙率、最大孔径、机械强度、通量、扫描电镜(SEM)等表征手段对烧结后的基膜进行表征,探讨了制备工艺对烧结后基膜性能的影响,具体结果如下：首先,制备了聚丙烯腈(PAN)、聚砜(PSF)、聚醚砜(PES)不同种聚合物的不锈钢微粉铸膜液,研究了不同悬浮液分散体系的流变性能以及稳定性能,不同铸膜液体系粘度都呈剪切变稀的特性,而且随聚合物浓度的增加而增大,最终确定选用PAN作为铸膜液的聚合物。其次,当铸膜液体系粘度为10000 mPas左右时,采用NIPS法纺制PAN体系的中空纤维基膜前驱体形态较好,基膜前驱体的密度以及机械强度随PAN含量的增大而增大,孔隙率随PAN含量的增大而减小,少量添加剂PVP可以提高前驱体的密度、孔隙率以及机械性能。第三,对基膜前驱体进行烧结制得的不锈钢中空纤维基膜随着PAN浓度的增大,烧结后基膜微观结构越来越致密,导致密度增大,孔隙率变小,最大孔径也减小,机械强度增大,通量减小。在1100-1350范围内,烧结温度越高,烧结后基膜密度变大孔隙率减小,最大孔径变小,机械强度升高,但通量下降。随着烧结气氛中H2含量的增大,烧结后基膜的密度减小,孔隙率增大,最大孔径增大,机械强度下降,通量升高。最后,加入0.5%的PVP可以适当提高烧结后基膜的致密程度,增加基膜密度,提高机械性能。添加5%的铝粉后,烧结后基膜的机械强度大大提高,比没有添加铝粉的提高了接近3倍左右,但通量大大减小。铝粉的加入可以适当减小烧结后基膜的孔径,但改变不大。不同条件烧结的基膜纯水通量随时间而衰减,最终趋于稳定。【英文摘要】In this paper, stainless steel support membrane precursor was prepared by non solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method and was sintered to become stainless steel support membrane which was characterized by various methods including density, porosity, maximum diameter, mechanical properties, flux, SEM and so on. The effect of preparing process on membrane performance after sintering was also explored.Firstly, stainless steel powder casting solution with different polymer including polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polysulphone (PSF), polyethersulfone (PES) were prepared. The rheological property and stability of different casting solution were also studied and the result showed that the casting solution viscosity went down as the shear rate went up and grew up as the content of polymer increased. At last, PAN was chosen as the proper polymer of casting solution.Secondly, the shape of PAN system hollow fiber support membrane precursor prepared by using NIPS method was better when viscosity of casting solution was about 10000 mPas. The density and mechanical properties of support precursor went up as the content of PAN went up while the porosity went down. A little bit additive PVP could improve the density, porosity and mechanical properties of membrane precursor.Thirdly, stainless steel hollow fiber support membrane was prepared after the precursor was sintered. As the content of PAN increased, the microscopic structure of support membrane became compact resulting in the increase of density and mechanical strength and decrease of porosity, maximum diameter and pure water flux. As the temperature (1100 to 1350 C) grew up, the density and mechanical strength of the support increased while the porosity, maximum diameter and pure water flux decreased. As the content of H2 in the atmosphere became more, the density and mechanical strength of support membrane became less while the porosity, maximum diameter and pure water flux became more.At last, it is better to add 0.5%PVP to improve the compactness of support membrane after sintering which can also increase the density and mechanical performance. The mechanical strength of support membrane was obviously increased after adding 5% aluminum powder which was almost three times higher than that without aluminum powder, while the pure water flux was obviously lessened. The pore diameter of support membrane could be lessened a little after adding aluminum powder. The pure water flux of support membrane sintered in different conditions went down to a stable value as time flowed.【关键词】不锈钢基膜 中空纤维膜 NIPS 制备 表征【备注】索购全文在线加好友：1.3.9.9.3.8848 同时提供论文写作一对一指导和论文发表委托服务【英文关键词】Stainless steel support membrane Hollow fiber membrane NIPS Preparation Characterization【目录】不锈钢中空纤维基膜制备与表征摘要5-6Abstract6-7第一章 绪论11-211.1 无机分离膜概述11-121.1.1 无机分离膜的发展历程11-121.1.2 无机分离膜的分类121.2 不锈钢膜概述12-131.2.1 不锈钢的分类12-131.2.2 不锈钢膜的优势与发展历程131.3 不锈钢膜的制备13-181.3.1 不锈钢膜支撑体的制备13-151.3.2 不锈钢中空纤维膜支撑体的烧结15-161.3.3 不锈钢中空纤维膜支撑体制备的影响因素16-171.3.4 不锈钢膜分离层的制备17-181.4 无机分离膜的应用18-201.4.1 废水处理181.4.2 食品行业181.4.3 气体分离18-191.4.4 生物化工191.4.5 膜催化19-201.5 本论文的研究内容20-211.5.1 研究意义201.5.2 研究目的201.5.3 研究内容20-21第二章 不锈钢粉末悬浮液分散体系的研究21-302.1 前言212.2 实验部分21-232.2.1 实验药品与实验装置212.2.2 不同聚合物铸膜液体系的制备21-232.2.3 分析实验232.3 不同铸膜液分散体系流变性能的分析23-272.3.1 聚合物浓度对铸膜液流变性能的影响23-262.3.2 少量添加剂PVP对铸膜液流变性能的影响26-272.4 不同铸膜液体系稳定性能分析27-282.4.1 PAN铸膜液体系稳定性能分析27-282.4.2 PSF铸膜液体系稳定性能分析282.4.3 PES铸膜液体系稳定性能分析282.5 本章小结28-30第三章 NIPS法制备不锈钢中纤维基膜前驱体的研究30-383.1 前言303.2 实验部分30-323.2.1 实验药品与实验装置303.2.2 不锈钢中空纤维基膜前驱体的成型30-313.2.3 不锈钢中空纤维基膜前驱体性能的表征31-323.3 NIPS法制备不锈钢中空纤维基膜前驱体工艺条件的探讨32-343.3.1 铸膜液粘度32-333.3.2 铸膜液料液釜温度333.3.3 内外凝胶浴的选择333.3.4 铸膜液流速333.3.5 芯液流量333.3.6 空气段长度33-343.4 不锈钢中空纤维基膜前驱体的性质34-373.4.1 不锈钢中空纤维基膜前驱体的密度34-353.4.2 不锈钢中空纤维基膜前驱体的孔隙率353.4.3 不锈钢中空纤维基膜前驱体的机械性能35-363.4.4 不锈钢中空纤维基膜前驱体的微观结构36-373.5 本章小结37-38第四章 不锈钢中空纤维基膜烧结工艺的研究38-704.1 前言384.2 实验部分38-414.2.1 实验药品与实验装置38-394.2.2 不锈钢中空纤维基膜前驱体的烧结39-404.2.3 不锈钢中空纤维基膜的表征40-414.3 不锈钢中空纤维基膜烧结工艺条件的探讨41-434.3.1 聚合物分解温度的确定41-424.3.2 升温速率的确定424.3.3 烧结温度42-434.3.4 烧结气氛434.4 影响烧结后不锈钢中空纤维基膜各项性能的因素43-654.4.1 铸膜液中聚合物浓度对烧结后基膜的