刘彦茹 家具一班 080810095(中国古典家具的演变).ppt

中国古代家具的发展史 引言 ChinesefurnitureisanimportantpartofChineseculture Longhistory initslonghistory createdabrilliantculture Thefirstisthestumpandstonefurniture ThegenerationofChineseclassicalfurnituredatesbacktotheNeolithicperiod inthewayoflifeisalsohometothenestcaveandancienttimes becauseofthesocialenvironmentandpeople sdailylivesarenotprotected sothereisnofurnitureinthemodernsenseofthefurnishingsTheearliestisastumpandstonefurniture ourancestorsasastool thelowerwasthefurniture whichistheoriginalformoffurnitureZou 古代家具的演变过程 BusinessWeekfurniturebedbased ShangbronzetechnologydevelopedinChinaheyday Thecopper tinalloywasmadeweapons ritual productiontools utensilsandhandicraftsoflife creatingaglitteringworldofthebronzeculture manyofwhichalreadyhaveappliances woodfurnitureshape AncientChinesefurniturefromthebeginningoftheSangandZhouwidelyused Periodintheabsenceofthechair bedandcoucharealsoSeatsbedding Chinahasbeeninbedthreethousandyearsofhistory theShangandZhou sfurniturewithastrongmystery withthemainfunctionofthemainworship theuseofsymmetryinshape formandstabilityofregular statelyline toreflectthemajesty mysteryandsolemnfeeling 商周家具以床榻为主 商朝是我国青铜工艺发达的极盛时期 当时将铜锡合金制成兵器 礼器 生产工具 生活用具和工艺品等 创造了辉耀人间的青铜文化 其中很多用具已具有木器家具的雏形 而且中国古代家具从商周开始的得到广泛的应用 在没有椅子的时期 床和榻是坐具也是卧具 床的出现在中国已有三千年的历史 商周的家具带有浓厚的神秘色彩 使用功能主要主要为祭祀 在造型上运用对称 规整的格式和安定 庄重的直线 来体现威严 神秘和庄重之感 春秋战国的彩绘家具 SpringandAutumnPeriodSpringandAutumnpaintedfurniturechinesefurnitureisanimportantturningpoint thistimetheperformanceofthecharmofanincreasingspreadofrationalandcivil therehasbeencrafted andfeaturesextravagantanddecorativesetofmeteorologicalpainting sculptureinone Livingmostlylacquerfurniture lacqueredfurniture completelyreplacedthebronzeoccupyamajorposition 战国彩绘漆案 战国彩绘透雕座屏 BedandJianQinandHanDynastyHanperiodthecouchinfunctionandformaredifferent slightlywiderthanthecouch bed dobelying whiletheoppositecouch Wei Jin NorthernandSouthernDynastiesGaozuofurniturefurnitureappearslow pedalbecamepopular AftertheNorthernandSouthernhigh typehomes bettertherearmchairs squarestoolhighchairsandbedsaretopofthebed Andappearedintheformofscreensandbedtoformabedwithascreen 秦汉时期的床榻和几案普及 秦汉时期的床榻和几案普秦汉时期 床榻在功能上和形式上有所不同 床略高于宽于榻 可做可卧 而榻则相反 魏晋家具低矮南北朝时期高坐家具出现 垂足开始流行 南北朝以后 高型家渐多 出现了扶手椅 方凳椅及有床顶高的床 且出现了形式 屏风与床结合形成了带屏床 榻 唐朝家具厚重浑圆 TangDynastyfurnitureisheavyfurnitureroundimportantturningpoint hechangedthefaceoftheSixofmoneytoformasmoothsoft gracefulTangstyle typeoffurnitureincreased 唐朝家厚重浑圆唐朝是中国家具的重要转折时期 他一改六朝钱的面貌 形成了流畅柔美的 雍容华贵的盛唐风格 家具种类增多 燕尾翘头案 唐朝 制作受到唐朝家具的影响 五代家具轻简秀直 FiveSimpleandHidenaoFurnitureFiveDynasties homestylehaschangedTangstyle aseparatenewideas changeforthelightheavyfurnitureTang Jane roundedfortheshowstraight Atthispointadvocatingsimplefurniture simpleandgenerous toreplacethesimplebeautyinherentinthedeliberatepursuitoftheTangharassmentdecorativefurnituretendencytosetagoodexampleofSong typefurniture 五代家具轻简秀直到五代时 家居风格有一改唐风 另立新意 变唐家具之厚重为轻简 浑圆为秀直 此时家具崇尚简洁 朴实大方 以朴素的内在美取代了唐家具的刻意追求繁缛装饰的倾向 为宋式家具树立了典范 座椅 宋代家具纤秀精细 SongFineFurnitureXianxiufurnitureinthehistoryofourcountrycriticalperiodofdevelopment itisareversaloftheTangDynastyroundedandthick roundbodyisrectangularbodychanges inheritedtheFiveDynastiesandfurniturestyle Songhasalsoappearedinthefirstcombinationoffurniture asYanfew Furthermore therewasspecialfurniture suchasplayingthepianowithatable playchesswiththechesstable eatingdinnertables etc used IntheSongDynasty theframestructurehasmatured ithasalsobecomeaSongdynastystylefurniture ahandsomefoundationforMingfurniturebegan 宋代家具纤秀精细宋代是我国家具史上重要的发展时期 它一反唐代的浑圆与厚重 变圆形体为矩形体 继承了五代家具的风格 宋代还出现了最早的组合家具 称为燕几 此外 还出现了专用家具 如弹琴用的琴桌 对弈用的棋桌 进食用的宴桌等 在宋代时 框架结构已经成熟 这也成为成为宋代家具清秀造型的一个基础 为明式家具拉开了序幕 明式家具繁简相宜 Ming stylefurnitureataffordabledisplayTraditionalandSimplifiedMingfurnitureisgenerallyknownas Ming stylefurniture butnotonlyreferstotheMing stylefurnitureandfurnitureofMing QingDynastyandtheRepublicofChinaproducedalargenumberoffamilyalsousedtheMingstyle includingfurniture contemporaryproduction therearemanyclearstyle canbecalled Ming stylefurniture MingDynasty avarietyofcolorfulvarietiesoffurniture completesetsoffurniture theconcepthasbeenformed therehavebeenbuildingspacefunctionsintothehall bedroom studyandothersupportingequipment 明式家具繁简相宜明代家具一般被称为 明式家具 但明式家具又不仅仅指明代家具 清代和民国时期出品的大量家也采用了明式风格 包括当代生产的家具也有很多明式风格 都可称为 明式家具 明代时 家具品种多种多样丰富多彩 成套家具的概念已经形成 出现了以建筑空间功能划分的厅堂 卧室 书房等配套用具 清式家具 Qing stylefurniture theso calledQingstylefurniture butthatbeforethearrivalofEmperorKangxiYongzhengandQianlong aswellasthebeginningoftheQingDynastyJiaqing referstothisperiodofprosperityduringtheQingDynastyfurniture MiddleoftheQingfurniturefeaturesprominentasthe Qingstylefurniture masterpiece Qing stylefurniture decoration findmore seekingfull seekingwealth seekinggorgeous Anduseavarietyofmaterials combinedwithavarietyoftechniques Evenapieceoffurniture butalsobyvariousmeansandmaterials Carving inlay giltandtaking LoAustin woodandstoneanduse Atthistimefurniture commonwholebodydecoration nogaps toanunprecedentedsplendidandbrilliant ThethirdstageisaftertheendoftheQingdynasty Asforeigncapitalisteconomy culture andtheChurchoftheinputportastheeconomyofGuangdong smostprominentandwidelyacceptedforthefurniturewasFrencharchitectureandtheimpactoftheFrenchRococofurniture Thepursuitofwomen scurves toomuchdecoration andevenstuffing Woodisnotseekingnoble workmanshipisrelativelyrough Thischapteralsoincorporatedintoseveralpieces inordertocompareandenjoy 清式家具我们所谓清式家具 乃是指康熙未至雍正 乾隆