Unit 8 Reading.ppt

Unit8Reading AmericanHouses Present AHouseofIdealsandRealities PassageA Pre readingquestions What syourimpressionofAmericanhouses Somepictures Housedescription Pleasechooseoneofthefollowingfourhousesanddescribeitwithouttellingthespecificnumber Anotheroneshouldtellthepicturebyhisorherdescription Yourdescriptionshouldonlyfocusonthehousesthemselves Thesurroundingsshouldn tbementioned 1234 Vocabularyofhouse dwellingapartmentbuildingsrowhousesdetachedhouse semi detachedhouse terracedhouse pitchedrooffrontdoorresidencearchitectureverandavestibule parlorpantrydoorwaypatiodeckfrontporchlivingroomyardshelterdomicileamenityrentalapartment Detachedhouse Pitchedroof Veranda aroofedopencorridororpatio Vestibule 前厅 门厅 parlor 客厅 pantry 食品储藏室 Doorway 门口 patio Arooflessinnercourtyard typicallyfoundinSpanishandSpanish styledwellings housingestate54houseonahousingestate55pent penthouseroof坡屋面56dormer天窗57garden terracedhouse排房58frontgarden59hedge树篱60pavement62streetlamp63litterbasket housedividedintotwo64hippedroof四坡屋顶65frontdoor66frontsteps67canopy68flowerwindow pairofsemi detachedhousesdividedintofourflats70sunlounge parlor71awning sunshade 72 76blockofflats72staircase74studioflat studioapartment 单间公寓75sunroof asunterrace76openspace 77 81multistoryapartmentbuilding77flatroof78pentroof79garage80pergola凉棚81staircasewindow82high riseapartmentbuilding83penthouse 高楼的 顶层房子 84 86weekendhouse atimberhouse84horizontalboarding85naturalstone basecourse 砌成墙壁的砖 石等的 层86strip狭长的window Ahouseofideasandrealities AmericanHouses Ahistory Textanalysis Pleasesummarizethemainideaofeachparagraph Summary Comprehension P1 Theidealofan Americanhouse Whatistheidealofan Americanhouse Afree standingdwellingTheconnectionbetweenafree standingdwellingandAmericanspiritIndependenceIndividualismFreedomprivacyWhatkindofdwellingcanrepresentChinesetraditionalideas Siheyuan orChinesecourtyard courtyardhouse afree standingdwellingthatrisesfromitsownpieceofland free standing self sufficient notfixedtoanything orstandsonitsownawayfromotherthingsrise tobeerected矗立Newbuildingsarerisinginthecity 城市里新的高楼大厦不断地被建起来 P2 DetailsoftheAmericanhousehavechangedgreatlywiththepassageoftime HowdoestheAmericannotionofahousedifferbetween1920sand1960s 1920s moreattentiontothefront 1960s moreattentiontotheback1920s moreattentiontotheformalceremonies 1960s moreattentiontothepractical informalneeds exertingamajorinfluenceon wieldingagrowinginfluenceon P9 shed haveinfluenceon Inthe1960s theprevailingvisionwasofahousethathadsubstitutedabackpatioordeckforthefrontporchandhadaddeda familyroom asacasual unceremoniousalternativetotheformalityofthelivingroom Inthel960s Americansbuiltabackpatioordeckforthefrontandaddedafamilyroomasacasual informallivingroomforthefamilyuse Thelivingroom then wouldbekeptforreceivingguestsorhavingceremonies suchashavingapartyorfestivalcelebration P3 TheessentialsfortheidealAmericanhousesremainedconstant Whataretheessentialelements FreedomComfortIndependenceDignityandreposeCommunitylifeSafety Despitesuchmodifications thegoverningidealremainedconstantinitsessentials anindividualresidenceenclosingacomfortableamountofspacebeneaththeslopesofitsroofandenjoyingdominionoveracertainamountoflandbeyonditswalls Althoughresidentialdesignshadagreatdealofchanges thebasicthingsremainedunchanged Ahousemuststandindependently withenoughroomsandsufficientspacefromitsneighbors possessedameasureofdignityandrepose sing ameasureofsth degreeofsth someSheachievedameasureofsuccesswithherfirstbook 她的第一部书就获得了一定程度的成功 P4 TheidealAmericanhousesatisfiedtheinterestsofAmericanfamilies P5 Changefromthe Americanhouse tothe Americanhouses Thehousehasbeenpressedtoadapttothechangeinthehouseholdandtheworkforce Whatcausedthischange FamilystructuresEmploymentEconomicpowerofthesociety Thenationhasenteredaperiodinwhichmanyhousesaredistinguishedlessbytheirlingeringsimilaritiesthanbyhowtheydivergebothfromoneanotherandfromhomesofthepast Duringthisperiod Americanresidentialhousesbegantoshowmoredifferencesthansimilaritiesindesign styleandstructurebothfromeachotherandthoseofthepast P6 Themotivationsforvariedformsofhousearedisparate Whatarethemotivations ForbetterdwellingsDrivenbynecessityFinancialconcern Agreatmanymore bycontrast resemblethepioneerswhoweredrivenonwardbynecessity likethosewhopushedwestwardbecausetheycouldn tfindopportunityintheirnativeregions manytodayaremovingtoinnovativehousingsimplybecausetheoldstandardofadetachedhousehasslippedoutofthriftfinancialgrasp Unlikethosewhopineforandcanaffordcreativestyles somepeopleareinnovativebecausetheycannotaffordtobuildtheir ideal house suchasadetachedhouse P7 Reasonsforcautiouschangesinhousedesign ahouseisaproducttoberesoldlaterAmericanculturereflected Mobility pragmatism financialconcern Whatisthe pragmaticstyleofchange pragmatic adj Dealingorconcernedwithfactsoractualoccurrences practical Flightsoffancyareconsideredchancy C flightofsthinstanceofsthveryimaginativebutusunotpractical 想像力的 奔放wildflightsofimagination想像联翩 idm习语 aflightoffancyunrealisticidea etcthatexistsonlyinsb smind悬想 异想天开 P8 InnovationisdemandedineverysignificantaspectofAmericanhouses WhathaschallengedthetraditionalAmericanhouses Intheairtodayispracticallynoneoftheflashy1950s intheair a incirculation current在流传中 流行的 There s afeelingof unrestintheair 四处充满了不安 的感觉 b uncertain undecided未确定的 悬而未决的 Ourplansarestill up intheair 我们的计划仍悬而未决 P9 Changesinsocietyresultinchangesinhouses Differenthouseholdsleadtodiversityinhousing Expressionsfor moreandmore agrowinginfluenceincreasinglybuy anincreasingdiversityWe rebeyondthepointofpretendingthatoneortwoorthreeformsofhousingwillfiteveryone sneeds Weusedtobelievethatoneortwoformsofhousingwouldfiteveryone sneeds Butnow wedon tthinksoanymore Title Ahouseofidealsandrealities Whataretheidealsandwhataretherealities AmericanHouse AmericanHouses VocabularyParagraph1 constitute Tobetheelementsorpartsof composefree standing self sufficient notfixedtoanything orstandsonitsownawayfromotherthingslot n Apieceoflandhavingspecificboundaries especiallyoneconstitutingapartofacity town orblock expanse n Awideandopenextent asofsurface land orsky stretch Tobecomelengthened widened ordistended Toextendorreachoveradistanceoranareaorinagivendirection row Aseriesofobjectsplacednexttoeachother usuallyinastraightline detachedhouse Standingapartfromothers separate 指房子 独立于其他的allure n Thepowertoattract enticement dispersal Theactorprocessofdispersingortheconditionofbeingdispersed distributionembed Tofixfirmlyinasurroundingmass embedapostinconcrete fossilsembeddedinshale Toenclosesnuglyorfirmly pitch Tosetataspecifieddownwardslant 设以特定的向下倾斜的角度 pitchedtheroofatasteepangle 将屋顶搭成陡斜式prominent Immediatelynoticeable conspicuous Discussion Theconnectionbetweenafree standingdwellingandAmericanspirit WhatkindofdwellingcanrepresentChinesetraditionalideas Paragraph2 embellish Tomakebeautiful asbyornamentation decorate notion Abelieforopinion Amentalimageorrepresentation anideaorconception Afancifulimpulse awhimveranda n Aporchorbalcony usuallyroofedandoftenpartlyenclosed extendingalongtheoutsideofabuilding vestibule n Asmallentrancehallorpassagebetweentheouterdoorandtheinteriorofahouseorbuilding 前厅 parlor Aroominaprivatehomesetapartfortheentertainmentofvisitors pantry Asmallroomorcloset usuallyoffakitchen wherefood tableware linens andsimilaritemsarestored enchant Tocastaspellover bewitch summon Tocallforth evokeTocalltogether convene summonsthupcausesthtocomeintothemind evokesth asmellwhichsummonsupmemoriesofmychildhood使我回忆起童年事的一种气味 quaint Odd especiallyinanold fashionedwayUnfamiliarorunusualincharacter strange DiscussionThedevelopmentorevolutionofAmericanhouses EarlyAmericanHouse Paragraph3 4 enclose Tocontain especiallysoastoenveloporshelterdominion Aterritoryorsphereofinfluenceorcontrol arealm repose Theactofrestingorthestateofbeingatrest Freedomfromworry peaceofmind rear Ahindpart buffer Somethingthatseparatespotentiallyantagonisticentities asanareabetweentworivalpowersthatservestolessenthedangerofconflict 缓冲物 autonomous Independentinmindorjudgment self directed StandardAmericanhouses detachedhouses Housesinmedia12 WhatkindofsceneistypicalofChinesehouses Paragraph5 predominant Havinggreatestascendancy importance influence authority orforce Mostcommonorconspicuous mainorprevalenthousehold n Apersonorgroupofpeopleoccupyingasingledwellingaccountfor Toconstitutethegoverningorprimaryfactor Badweatheraccountedforthelongdelay diverge Todiffer asinopinionormanner Discussion Theelementsthatcausechangesofhousing IsitalsotrueinChina Paragraph6 launchinto embarkon plungeintoimpulse n Animpellingforce animpetus Themotionproducedbysuchaforce Asuddenwishorurgethatpromptsanunpremeditatedactorfeeling abruptinclination disparate adj Fundamentallydistinctordifferentinkind entirelydissimilar Discussion Someotherreasonsforthechangingformsofhousing WestwardMovement ThemeaningoffrontierforAmericans Turner Paragraph7 pragmatic adj Dealingorconcernedwithfactsoractualoccurrences practical discreet adj Markedby exercising orshowingprudenceandwiseself restraintinspeechandbehavior circumspect penchant Adefiniteliking astronginclination predilection entertain Toconsider contemplate entertainanidea Toholdinmind harbor entertainedfewillusions Discussion WhyaremostAmericanhousesnotearth shaking Americanculturereflected Mobility pragmatism financialconcern Paragraph8 hew Toadhereorconformstrictly hold hewtotheline futurism AnartisticmovementoriginatinginItalyaround1910whoseaimwastoexpresstheenergetic dynamic andviolentqualityofcontemporarylife especiallyasembodiedinthemotionandforceofmodernmachinery domicile n Aresidence ahome One slegalresidence amenity Afeaturethatincreasesattractivenesso