Grammar.ppt

Unit5ThemeparksGrammar 英语构词法种类英语构词法主要有三种 转化 合成与派生 另外还有截短 缩合等 1 合成 有两个或更多的词合成一个词 class room classroom教室warm heart ed warmheartedgood looking good lookinghard working hard workingpeace loving state ownedwell known freewaysightseeing bloodthirsty 2 转化 是指有一种词类转化为另一种词类常见的转化形式两种 动词 名词名词 动词stopvt 停止 n 车站lovevt 爱 n 爱Watchvt 观看 n 手表recordvt 录音 n 纪录combvt 梳理 头发 n 梳子abusevt 辱骂 n 辱骂 handn 手 vt 上交seatn 座位 vt 坐nursen 护士 vt 护理oiln 油 vt 上油timen 时间 vt 定时 测时shouldern 肩膀 vt 肩负 minen 矿山 vt 开矿barbecuen 烧烤 vt 在烤架上烤shipn 船 vt 用船装运financen 金融 vt 为 a提供资金stainn 污点 污迹 vt 玷污 污染draftn 草稿 vt 起草headn 头 v 前进transportn 运输 vt 运输 3 派生 是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词 前缀一般只引起意思上的变化而不造成词类的变化 只有少数能引起词类的变化 后缀一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变化 A 表示否定的前缀 un unfair unhappynon nonsmoker 常用在n adj adv 前 in inactive inhuman indirect 常用在adj 后 dis disagree disappearim impolite impossible 用在b p m开头的词前 il illegalir irreal irregular B 表示错误或失当的前缀 mis misjudge misdirect 误导 C 表示向背的前缀 pro 亲 支持 pro Chinese pro Americananti 阻止 抗 antiwar anti Japanesewar D 表示程度 大小的前缀super superstar supermarket superman superpowerover overhead overeat overusemini minibus miniskirt mini carunder underground under developsemi 半 部分 semicircle semiskilled semi steel E 表示时间的前缀pre prewarpost postwarfore 前 预先 foretell forecast foresee weatherforecast F 表示方位的前缀 sub subway submarineinter international interclasstrans 横过 通过 超越 进入 translate transplant 4 截短 是指用截头取尾的方法构成新词 telephone phoneinfluenza influ enz flu 流行性感冒 5 缩合 是指把两个或两个以上的词各取一部分合在一起构成一个新单词 smokeandfog smog烟雾motor hotel motelChian America ChimericaTestofEnglishasaforeignlanguage TOEFL托福InternationalEnglishlanguagetestsystem IELTS雅思 Readthepassagequickly Underlinethecompoundnounsinthereadingpassageandfinishthetableasfollows Compoundwordsaremadefrom free fall old fashioned steam engine world famoushands onup to date hands on whichever whatever wherever southeastern indoor outdoor craftsmen horsebacksunlight rollercoaster blackholesolarsystem Practice Practice 2 Agame Practice Suggestedanswersbutterfly downtown fotball hardworking icecream kindhearted laptop life sized watermelon worthwhile worn out north eastern earthquake mobilephone mankindheadline easygoing homeland passer by eggplant 1 表示否定意义的前缀dis un in im 2 名词后缀 ment ion tion ation ist ism3 形容词后缀 able al ern ful less ive y ish an able4 动词后缀 fy ify en ize ise5 副词后缀 ly wards6 数词后缀 th teen ty Derivation Practice 1 前缀 1 dis disagree dislike disappear 2 in il im ir incorrect impossible irregular illegal 3 un unhappy unable unfit 4 non nonstop nonverbal 非语言的 5 re rewrite review Practice 2 后缀 1 构成名词 er ese ist ian ment tion ness thbuyer Chinese socialist musicianagreement collection illness truth 2 构成形容词 al an ful ing y lessnational American careful exciting cloudy useless Practice 3 构成动词 fy is z e beautify realize organise 4 构成副词 ly badly quickly terribly 5 构成数词 teen ty ththirteen sixty twelfth Practice 1 Fillinthetablebelowwiththedifferentformsofthewords Practice 2 Changetheseverbsintoadjectivesbyadding able agreeknowledgemovechangecount Practice agreeableknowledgeablemovable moveablechangeablecountable 1 Manynounsare butsomearenot 2 MrSimmonsisapleasantmanwithavery manner 3 Herbehaviourisvery oneminutesheisfriendlyandthenextminutesheisquiterude 4 Idon tthinkthesedesksare Theyseemtobefixedtothefloor 5 Myuncleisvery aboutwines countable agreeable changeable moveablemovable knowledgeable advantageagreeablelikewillingusualsuitablebehaverepresent Practice 3 Makeoppositesofthesewordsb