1BCultureShockok.doc

Unit OneSection B Culrure ShockPart One Vocabulary1. clash (n /vi) n. an armed clash武装冲突a boundary clash 边境冲突a clash of international interestsvi.1) come to a fight 冲突 clash with sb. on/ over sth. eg. They clashed at the meeting over the seating arrangement. 开会时他们因为作为安排问题发生了冲突. The two armies clashed near the boarder. 两军在边界附近交战. Demonstrators clashed with police. 示威者与警察发生了冲突. 2) disagree about sth. 不一致，冲突 clash with sth.eg. Their interests clashed with ours. Your party clashed with my exam. Peoples feeling sometimes clash with judgement.人们的情感优势与他们的判断不一致.3) not match, not go with 不谐调 clash with sth.eg. Your tie clashed with your suit.4）clash sth. and sth. together; strike with a loud, harsh noise使（金属）发出碰撞声 eg. The swords clashed. 剑相互撞击，铿锵有声.crash (v) 碰撞，坠落 eg. A car crashed into a tree. (or A car collided with a tree.)crush (v) 压坏, 压碎conflict (n/v) (v)conflict with 与冲突，矛盾 (n) It is a statement in conflict with other evidence. 这一陈述与其他证词不一致. personality conflicts 个性冲突 =They cannot get along with each other.in collision with 与碰撞；与抵触，矛盾-collide with 2. amusement (n) 娱乐，消遣，娱乐活动 amuse (vt) 逗乐，使愉快 eg. A clowns job is to amuse he spectators/ audience. 小丑的工作就是娱乐观众. He amused himself by playing cards. 他玩牌自娱. amusing (adj.) 有趣的， 引人发笑的 amusing jokes / people amazement (n) surprise amazement park 游乐场 amaze (vt) surprise/ astonish/ shock amazing (adj.) surprising / shocking / alarming / astonishing entertain (v) 招待，娱乐 entertainment (n) treat (v) 款待，请客 Well treat you to dinner. 我们请你吃饭.3. moreover / furthermore / in addition / whats more / besides / as well as/ plus4. distress (v/ n)(vt) cause distress to sb. or sth.使痛苦，使苦恼 eg. Her husbands death distressed her greatly. 丈夫的死使她极度痛苦. (n) 忧伤，悲痛；不幸，危难；贫穷 The sick man showed signs if distress. 病人流露出很额样子.be in distress 处于危难，不幸，贫穷distressed areas贫困地区 a company in funding distress 陷入资金短缺状况的公司 send out a distress signal 发车求救信号 The ship was in distress. 那艘船遭遇困难了. Receive a distress call. 接到了求救电话.distressed 感到痛苦的distressing (adj.) 令人痛苦的，令人苦恼的He looked distressed. That was distressing news.stress (v/n) suppress (vt) depress (vt) impress(vt) oppress(vt) 压迫5. reject (v) 1) refuse to accept sth. 拒绝，不接受， 驳回 refuse/ decline / deny / turn downreject ones proposal / a gift / an appeal He rejected their offer of a job. 他拒绝了他们给他的工作.They rejected my novel. 他们退回了我的小说.She rejected his offer of marriage. 她拒绝了他的求婚. After the transplant, his body rejected the new heart.心脏移植后，他的身体排斥新的心脏. 2) throw sth. away 抛弃，丢弃 abandon / deserve / give up / discardreject old clothes / rotten apples 扔掉腐烂的苹果 subject (n/v) subject to 使遭受 object (v /n) object to (doing) sth. inject/ pump/ pour into (invest in) 把投入到project (n/v)rejection (n) 拒绝；抛弃 He keeps applying for jobs, but is given rejections only. 他不断写求职信，但一次次地被回绝.reject +nrefuse +n/ to do sth.decline (doing) sth. / to do sth.turn down sb. sth. deny sb. sth.6. utiliz/se (vt) use, make use of 利用eg. You must utilize all available resources. 你必须利用一切可以得到的资源. utilize water / solar energy/ every possibilityutility (n) 公共设施，效用，功用utilization (n) 利用 the utilization of wind energy 利用风能exercise: The most successful post-career athletes life skills they learnt in the sports to other area of life.A. apply B. utilize C. employ D. exert 7. deal (n/v)v. dealt,dealt 1) deal with sth./ handle / tackle / cope with / do with / sovle / resolve / settle 处理，对付 2) deal with sb. : have business ,social relation with sb. 和打交道；与某人有商业，社交等关系 3) deal in sth: trade in sth, to sell sth. 经营 eg. the store deals in silk. 这家店经营丝绸. 4）deal sth. out : hand out, distributute 分发某物 eg. The profits will be dealt out among the investors. 红利将分发给投资者. n. agreement in business 交易，协议 Its a deal. （ie. I agree to your terms.）一言为定. / 就这么说定了. a great deal of +u 许多，大量 a fair deal 公平的交易dealer: trader / businessman 商人8. recovery (n) 1)return to a normal state恢复，复原; 2）痊愈 3) 重新获得，找回 recovery from defeat 失败后重新振作economic recovery 经济复苏 She made a quick recovery(from her illness). 迅速痊愈 recovery of a lost thing 失物的找回 recover (vi) 从恢复/痊愈recover from (vt) 恢复(原状)；重新获得, 找回 recover from illness / surprise/ shock 从恢复过来recover stolen property 找回被窃去的财产 recover ones reputation/ health / sight / hearing/ balance 恢复 recoverable (adj.) 能够恢复的，能够找回的 eg. recoverable losses 可挽回的损失 restore (vt) 1)恢复restore sb.s confidence/ sight ; restore sb to consciousness2)使回复restore sb. to his old post;3)归还, 交还restore sth. (to sth./sb.); eg. restore the book to the shelf; restore the stolen bike to its owner4)修复, 重建 restore the house9. favorable (adj.) 1) helpful, suitable 有帮助的，合适的, 有利的 be favorable for 对有利a favorable situation 有利的状况、条件 a favorable wind / opportunity 顺风/ 有利的机会The weather seemed favorable for the flight. 天气似乎有利于飞行. 2）giving or showing agreement, tending to support sb./sth. be favorable to 赞同某事 be favorable to the proposal 赞同这个建议 a favorable impression 好印象 The book received favorable review. 这本书受到了好评. favor (n) do sb. a favor: help be in sbs favor 有利于某人 in favor of: support (vt) 偏袒，有利于，支持 favourite (adj./n)10. appreciate (vt) 赏识；为表示感激appreciate (doing) sth.: be grateful to sb. for sth.；领会, 体谅 (vi) increase in value增值，涨价 eg. 1) I appreciate his writing style/ his generosity / this king of music.2)We appreciate your helping us. appreciate ones kindness 感谢某人的好意 I appreciate hearing from you again. 再次受到你的来信，十分感谢. 注意：其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语 (注意：这与thank 的用法恰恰相反)。如： 正：I appreciate your kindness. 谢谢你的好意。 误：I appreciate you for your kindness. 正：He thanked her for her kindness. 他感谢她的好意。 误：He thanked her kindness. 要表示程度，可用 deeply, highly, (very) much 等副词修饰3）understand sth. with sympathy 理解；体谅I appreciate your problem, but I dont think I can help you. 我理解你的困难, 但却爱莫能助.I appreciate that you may have prior commitments. 我体谅你可能事先已另有承诺. I appreciated how busy you are.4）increase in valueLocal property has appreciated (in value) since they built the motorway nearby. 自从附近修建了高速公路, 本地的地产（价值）已经增值. The land will continue to appreciate. 土地将继续增值. appreciation (n) 赏识，感激，增值 appreciative (adj.) be appreciative of sth.Im most appreciative of your generosity.我对你的慷慨感激之至.11. interact (v) 1) communicate with sb. interact with sb. 2) have an effect on each other 相互影响，相互作用 All things are interrelated and interact on each other. 一切事物相互联系并相互作用.These two chemicals _ with each other at a certain temperature to produce a substance which could cause an explosion.A. interact B.attract C. react 反作用 D. expel 驱逐，排出在一定的温度下，这两种化学制剂发生作用，可以合成一种能够引起爆炸的物质.interaction (n)react ( v) 反应，起作用；iron react with water （作出）反应react /respond to the news 反抗，抗拒 react against their parents 违背父母的意愿 act (v/n) v. 行动; 表演; 扮演充当 act as n. 行为，行动，法案，幕12. considerable (adj.) substantial 相当大/多的; 相当可观的；重要的 He owns considetable real estate. 他拥有相当可观的房地产. He made a considerable sum bo money.他挣了（相当）一大笔钱. He is a considerable man in the city. 他是这座城市里的重要人物. a writer of considerale influence 一位有很大影响的作家 He gave me considerable trouble. 他给我相当多的麻烦. considerate: thougtful eg. be considerate of others consideration: take into consideration consider: consider/view/regard/take/see as ;考虑consider (doing) sth. /that considering (prep./v) 就而言, 关于 eg. Mother who takes care of everybody is usualy the most_ person in each family. A. considerate B. considerable C. considering D. constant 经常的，不断的，不变的 在每个家庭里，母亲要照顾到每个人，她通常是最体贴的. Part Two TextPara 1. This paragraph contains two points.1)Do you think.2) In spite of main idea: Studying in a different country is a new experience but there are also aome challenges. study in a different countrystudy abroad,study overseas1. fun (n) have fun: have a good time, enjoy oneself make fun of 取笑 funny（adj.）有趣的2. experience (n/v) 经验u，经历c v. 经历，体验 go through, undergoExpericence is not what happens to a man ; it is what a man does with what happens to him . 经验不会从天而降；经验只有通过实践才能获得。（美国作家 郝胥黎.A.L.）we learn from the past, experience the present and hope for success in the future.我们从过去中学习，体验现在，展望未来的成功.experienced (adj.) 有经验的 3. bring to eg. bring the meeting to an end bring us rich experience 4. fascinating (adj.) interesting/ attrative / appealing / striking / dramatic / charming fascinating a. interesting and able to attracteg. People find her points quite fascinating. 人们发现她的观点很吸引人 fascinatewith/by(v)迷住 eg. The child was fascinated with the new toy. 5. a feeling of hunger / freedom/ trust/ danger/ isolation (孤独感) a sense of trust/ responsibility 6. in spite of: despite , regardless of , (al)though spite (n) 恶意desire to hurt , annoy or offend anther person, ill will do sth. out of / from spite eg. Im sure he only said it out of / from spite. 7. challenge (vt/n)向挑战；对质疑 challenging (adj.) challenger (n) 挑战者 challenge his authority 质疑他的权威 a challenge to sb./ sth. 对某人/某事质疑 8. encounter (vt/n) face / meet with/ confront 遭遇，面临 have an encounter with 9. view (v/n) viewas in sb.s view viewpoint point of view review 10. tradition break a tradition 打破传统 follow a tradition 遵从传统 by tradition 按照传统traditional; convention conventional 11. have difficulty / trouble with sth./ (in) doing sth. adjust/ adapt to 12. sth.be familiar to sb. sb. be familiar with sth. 13. at least 1) not less than 至少 2) at any rate / anyway 无论如何，不管怎样 14. occur sth. occurred to sb. sth. come /flash into ones mind sth. ftrike sb. sb. hit on sth.Para 2. main idea: The first stage of culture shock adjustment is “honeymoon”.you excitedeverything marvelouseverybody nice ending /end (n) endless(adj.) para 3. main idea: The second stage of culture shock is “the hostility stage” eventually / at last/ finaly/ in the end 反义 at first / initially hostility (n) strong reaction against; unfriendliness hostile (adj.) be hostile to hostility n. eg. I have no hostility towards anyone. 我对任何人都没有敌意. be tired of : be fed up with, be bored with awful: terrible awfully: veryyou be tired of many thingssbout eh new culture,feel distressed and tiredeverything is not as good as you had originally thought it was, it is awfulpeople dont treat you like a guest anymore Para 4. main idea:At this point, some defense mechanism are devised to protect yourself against the effects of culture shock. This paragraph contains four examples to support the main idea.Repression: when you pretendRegression: when you start to actIsolation: be alone one of the worst mechanism Rejection: you think you dont needrepression / regression/depression/impression/concession / procession (n)responsible: be responsible for responsibility (n) would rather (not) do; would rather that +虚拟（过去/ 过去完成） rather than 而不是 isolate/ sepearate from isolation (n) a feeling of isolation 孤独感 isolated (adj.) remotedPara. 5 occasion (n) on this/ that occasion on occasion: occasionally survive(v) 1) survive the earthquake 2) survive his husband survival / survivor (n) be cautious of / about : caution (n) warn against precaution 预防，防备，警惕 prevent / stop/ keep/ bar/ hinderfrom (doing) sth. make some adjustments to the new culturePara 6 main idea: The third stage of culture shock “recovery” starts.recognition(n) beyond / out of recognition 认不出来 in recognition of 褒奖，表彰He was awarded a knighthood in recognition of his truly great contribution to the British cinema. 他因对英国电影的贡献而被授予爵位recogniz/se (vt) identifytemporary (adj.) 反义 permanent / lasting /eternal contemporary (adj.)comprehension (n) listening/ reading comprehension beyond comprehension 难以理解 comprehend (v) 理解 comprehensive (adj.) 综合的，全面的；广泛的come to 1) 达到某种状态 come to the third stage, come to a conclusion 2) 总计，多达 amount to eg. His earnings come to 60000 a year. 3) 谈到，涉及 when it comes to (doing) sth. 4) 苏醒 come around/ round positive / negative symptom (n) 1) 症状Afever is a symptom of a illness. 2) 征兆The riot can be considered a symptom of political instability. 这次暴动可看作是政治上不稳定的征兆 symptomatic (adj.)distinction (n) 1）difference: make/ draw a distinction 区别对待 without distinction 一视同仁地 2）excellence: a diplomat / writer of distinction 卓越的外交官/ 作家distinct 1) clear 2) different distinctive (adj.) distinctive style (vt)distinguish from; distinguish between distinguished (adj.) 杰出的Para 7. main idea: The last stage of culture shock is