四级完型填空.doc

2006年6月四级考试完形填空Do you wake up every day feeling too tired, or even upset? If so, then a new alarm clock could be just for you.The clock, called Sleep Smart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits _67_ you to be in your lightest phase of sleep 68 rousing you. Its makers say that should _69_ you wake up feeling refreshed every morning.As you sleep you pass _70_ a sequence of sleep stateslight sleep, deep sleep and REM (rapid eye movement) sleepthat _71_ approximately every 90 minutes. The point in that cycle at which you wake can _72_ how you feel later, and may _73_ have a greater impact than how much or little you have slept. Being roused during a light phase _74_ you are more likely to wake up energetic.Sleep Smart _75_ the distinct pattern of brain waves _76_ during each phase of sleep, via a headband equipped _77_ electrodes (电极) and a microprocessor. This measures the electrical activity of the wearers brain, in much the _78_ way as some machines used for medical and research _79_, and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. You _80_ the clock with the latest time at _81_ you want to be wakened, and it _82_ duly (适时地) wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that.The _83_ was invented by a group of students at Brown University in Rhode Island _84_ a friend complained of waking up tired and performing poorly on a test. “_85_ sleep-deprived people ourselves, we started thinking of _86_ to do about it,” says Eric Shashoua, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their idea.67A. besideB. nearC. forD. around68A. uponB. beforeC. towardsD. till69A. ensureB. assureC. requireD. request70A. throughB. intoC. aboutD. on71A. revealsB. reversesC. resumesD. repeats72A. effectB. affectC. reflectD. perfect73A. alreadyB. everC. neverD. even74A. meansB. marksC. saysD. dictates75A. removesB. relievesC. recordsD. recalls76A. proceededB. producedC. pronouncedD. progressed77A. byB. ofC. withD. over78A. familiarB. similarC. identicalD. same79A. findingsB. prospectsC. proposalsD. purposes80A. promptB. programC. plugD. plan81A. whereB. thisC. whichD. that82A. thenB. alsoC. almostD. yet83A. claimB. conclusionC. conceptD. explanation84A. onceB. afterC. sinceD. while85A. BesidesB. DespiteC. ToD. As86A. whatB. howC. whetherD. whenCBAAD BDACB CDDBC ACBDA2006年12月四级考试完形填空Language is the most astonishing behavior in the animal kingdom. It is the species-typical behavior that sets humans completely _67_ from all other animals. Language is a means of communication, _68_ it is much more than that. Many animals can _69_. The dance of the honeybee communicates the location of flowers _70_ other members of the hive (蜂群). But human language permits communication about anything, _71_ things like unicorn (独角兽) that have never existed. The key _72_ in the fact that the units of meaning, words, can be _73_ together in different ways, according to _74_, to communicate different meanings.Language is the most important learning we do. Nothing _75_ humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract thoughts, _76_ about the universe, the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink. It is an immensely complex _77_ that we take for granted. Indeed, we are not aware of most _78_ of our speech and understanding. Consider what happens when one person is speaking to _79_. The speaker has to translate thoughts into _80_ language. Brain imaging studies suggest that the time from thoughts to the _81_ of speech is extremely fast, only 0.04 seconds! The listener must hear the sounds to _82_ out what the speaker means. He must use the sounds of speech to _83_ the words spoken, understand the pattern of _84_ of the words (sentences), and finally _85_ the meaning. This takes somewhat longer, a minimum of about 0.5 seconds. But _86_ started, it is of course a continuous process.67A. apartB. offC. upD. down68A. soB. butC. orD. for69A. transferB. transmitC. conveyD. communicate70A. toB. fromC. overD. on71A. onlyB. almostC. evenD. just72A. staysB. situatesC. hidesD. lies73A. stuckB. strungC. rungD. consisted74A. rulesB. scalesC. lawsD. standards75A. combinesB. containsC. definesD. declares76A. whatB. whetherC. whileD. if77A. prospect B. progress C. processD. produce78A. aspectsB. abstractsC. anglesD. assumptions79A. anybodyB. anotherC. otherD. everybody80A. bodyB. gestureC. written D. spoken81A. growingB. fixingC. beginningD. building82A. putB. takeC. drawD. figure83A. identifyB. locateC. revealD. discover84A. performanceB. organizationC. designD. layout85A. prescribeB. justifyC. utterD. interpret86A. sinceB. afterC. onceD. untilABDAC DBACB CABDC DABDC2007年6月四级考试完形填空An earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct. 8, 2005. it took some 75,000 lives, _67_ 130,000 and left nearly 3.5 million without food, jobs or homes. _68_ overnight, scores of tent villages bloomed _69_ the region, tended by international aid organizations, military _70_ and aid groups working day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set _71_.Mercifully, the season was mild. But with the _72_ of spring the refugees will be moved again. Camps that _73_ health care, food and shelter for 150,000 survivors have begun to close as they were _74_ intended to be permanent.For most of the refugees, the thought of going back brings _75_ emotions. The past six months have been difficult. Families of _76_ many as 10 people have had to shelter _77_ a single tent and share cook stoves and bathing _78_ with neighbors. “They are looking forward to the clean water of their rivers,” officials say. “They are _79_ of free fresh fruit. They want to get back to their herds and start _80_ again.” But most will be returning to _81_ but heaps of ruins. In many villages, electrical _82_ have not been repaired, nor have roads. Aid workers _83_ that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake took _84_. And for the thousands of survivors, the _85_ will never be complete.Yet the survivors have to start somewhere. New homes can be built _86_ the stones, bricks and beams of old ones. Spring is coming and it is a good time to start again.67A. injuredB. ruinedC. destroyedD. damaged68A. AltogetherB. AlmostC. ScarcelyD. Surely69A. amongB. aboveC. amidD. across70A. ranksB. equipmentC. personnelD. installations71A. outB. inC. onD. forth72A. fallingB. emergenceC. arrivalD. appearing73A. strengthenedB. aidedC. transferredD. provided74A. neverB. onceC. everD. yet75A. puzzledB. contrastedC. doubledD. mixed76A. likeB. asC. soD. too77A. byB. belowC. underD. with78A. facilitiesB. instrumentsC. implementsD. appliances79A. seekingB. dreamingC. longingD. searching80A. producingB. cultivatingC. farmingD. nourishing81A. anythingB. somethingC. everythingD. nothing82A. linesB. channelsC. pathsD. currents83A. asideB. awayC. upD. evaluate84A. asideB. awayC. upD. out85A. reservationB. retreatC. replacementD. recovery86A. fromB. throughC. uponD. ontoABDCB CDADB CABCDACBDA2007年12月四级考试完形填空One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. Mood may be defined _67_ a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied _68_ any particular circumstance. Moods should be _69_ from emotions which are usually more intense, _70_ to specific circumstances, and often conscious. _71_ one sense, the effect of a consumers mood can be thought of in _72_ the same way as can our reactions to the _73_ of our friendswhen our friends are happy and “up”, that trends to influence us positively, _74_ when they are “down”, that can have a _75_ impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a _76_ mood state tend to react to stimuli (刺激因素) in a direction _77_ with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see _78_ in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a _79_ manner than they would when not in such a state. _80_, mood states appear capable of _81_ a consumers memory.Moods appear to be _82_ influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and _83_ of music have been shown to influence behavior such as the _84_ of time spent in supermarkets or _85_ to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumers moods which, in _86_, are capable of influencing consumer reactions to products.67A. withB. aboutC. asD. by68A. upB. toC. underD. over69A. dividedB. derivedC. descendedD. distinguished70A. referredB. relatedC. attachedD. associated71A. InB. OnC. ByD. Of72A. thusB. stillC. muchD. even73A. behaviorB. gestureC. signalD. view74A. forB. providedC. unlessD. but75A. relativeB. negativeC. sensitiveD. decisive76A. fixedB. grantedC. givenD. driven77A. insistentB. resistantC. persistentD. consistent78A. retailersB. consumersC. businessmenD. manufacturers79A. casualB. seriousC. favorableD. critical80A. MoreoverB. HoweverC. NeverthelessD. Otherwise81A. liftingB. raisingC. cultivatingD. enhancing82A. rarelyB. readilyC. currentlyD. cautiously83A. volumeB. speedC. stepD. band84A. extentB. scopeC. amountD. range85A. capacitiesB. facilitiesC. reflectionsD. intentions86A. turnB. depthC. totalD. detailCBDBA CADBC DBCAD BACDA 2008年6月四级考试完形填空Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carry out research work aimed 67 extending mans knowledge of these subjects. The emphasis given to each of these functions _68_ from university to university, according to the views of the people in _69_ and according to the resources available. The smaller and newer universities do no _70_ the staff or equipment to carry out the _71_ research projects possible in larger institutions. _72_ most experts agree that some research activity is _73_ to keep the staff and their students in _74_ with the latest developments in their subjects.Most students attend a university mainly to _75_ the knowledge needed for their chosen _76_. Educationists believe that this aim should not be the _77_ one. Universities have always aimed to produce men and women _78_ judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge. For this reason, they _79_ students to meet others with differing _80_ and to read widely to _81_ their understanding in many fields of study. _82_ a secondary school course, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own _83_. He should be prepared to _84_ sacrifices to study his chosen _85_ in depth. He should have an ambition to make some _86_ contribution to mans knowledge.67A. atB. byC. toD. in68A. turnsB. rangesC. movesD. varies69A. prospectB. placeC. controlD. favor70A. occupyB. possessC. involveD. spare71A. maximumB. mediumC. virtualD. vast72A. ButB. AsC. WhileD. For73A. naturalB. essentialC. functionalD. optional74A. coordinationB. accordanceC. touchD. grasp75A. acquireB. acceptC. endureD. ensure76A. processionB. professionC. possessionD. preference77A. typicalB. trueC. mereD. only78A. withB. underC. onD. through79A. promptB. provokeC. encourageD. anticipate80A. historiesB. expressionsC. interestsD. curiosities81A. broadenB. lengthenC. enforceD. specify82A. AmidB. OverC. AfterD. Upon83A. objectB. effectC. courseD. sake84A. takeB. sufferC. makeD. pay85A. fieldB. targetC. scopeD. goal86A. radicalB. meaningfulC. truthfulD. initialADBBD CBCAB DACCA BDCAC 2008年12月四级考试完形填空Playing organized sports is such a common experience in the United States that many children and teenagers that them for granted. This is especially true _67_ children from families and communities that have the resources needed to organize and _68_ sports programs and make sure that there is easy _69_ to participation opportunities. Children in low-income families and poor communities are _70_ likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often _71_ the resources needed to pay for participation _72_, equipment, and transportation to practices and games _73_ their communities do not have resources to build and _74_ sports fields and facilities.Organized youth sports _75_ appeared during the early 20th century in the United States and other wealthy nations. They were originally developed _76_ some educators and developmental experts _77_ that the behavior and character of children were _78_ influenced by their social surrounding and everyday experiences. This _79_ many people to believe that if you could organize the experiences of children in _80_ ways, you could influence the kinds of adults that those children would become.This belief that the social _81_ influenced a persons overall development was very _82_ to people interested in progress and reform in the United States _83_ the beginning of the 20th century. It caused them to think about _84_ they might control the experiences of children to _85_ responsible and productive adults. They believed strongly that democracy depended on responsibility and that a _86_ capitalist economy depended on the productivity of worker.67A. amongB. withinC. onD. towards68A. spreadB. speedC. spurD. sponsor69A. accessB. entranceC. chanceD. route70A. littleB. lessC. moreD. much71A. shrinkB. tightenC. limitD. lack72A. billB. accountsC. feesD. fare73A. soB. asC. andD. but74A. maintainB. sustainC. containD. entertain75A. lastB. firstC. laterD. finally76A. beforeB. whileC. untilD. when77A. recalledB. realizedC. expectedD. exhibited78A. specificallyB. excessivelyC. stronglyD. exactly79A. movedB. conductedC. putD. led80A. preciseB. preciousC. particularD. peculiar81A. engagementB. environmentC. stateD. status82A. encouragingB. disappointingC. upsettingD. surprising83A. forB. withC. overD. at84A. whatB. howC. whateverD. however85A. multiplyB. manufactureC. produceD. provide86A. growingB. breedingC. raisingD. flyingADABD CCABD BCDCB ADBCA2009年6月四级考试完形填空Kimiyuki Suda should be a perfect customer for Japans car-makers. Hes young, successful executive at an Internet-services company in Tokyo and has plenty of disposable _67_. He used to own Toyotas Hilux Surf, a sport utility vehicle. But now he uses _68_ subways and trains. “Its not inconvenient at all,” he says. _69_, “having a car is so 20th century.”Suda reflects a worrisome _70_ in Japan; the automobile is losing its emotional appeal, _71_ among the young, who prefer to spend their money on the latest electronic devices. _72_ mini-cars and luxury foreign brands are still popular, everything in between is _73_. Last year sales fell 6.7 percent, 7.6 percent _74_ you dont count the mini-car market. There have been _75_ one-year drops in other nations: sales in Germany fell 9 percent in 2007 _76_ a tax increase. But experts say Japan is _77_ in that sales have been decreasing steadily _78_ time. Since 1990, yearly new-car sales have fallen from 7.8 million to 5.4 million units in 2007.Alarmed by this state of _79_, the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA) _80_ a comprehensive study of the market in 2006. it found that a _81_ wealth gap, demographic (人口结构) changes and _82_ lack of interest in cars led Japanese to hold their _83_ longer, replace their cars with smaller ones _84_ give up car ownership altogether. JAMA _85_ a further sales decline of 1.2 percent this year. Some experts believe that if the trend continues for much longer, further consolidation (合并) in the automotive sector is _86_.67A. profitB. paymentC. incomeD. budget68A. mostlyB. partiallyC. occasionallyD. rarely69A. ThereforeB. BesidesC. OtherwiseD. Consequently70A. driftB. tideC. currentD. trend71A. remarkablyB. essentiallyC. speciallyD. particularly72A. WhileB. BecauseC. WhenD. Since73A. surgingB. stretchingC. slippingD. shaking74A. unlessB. ifC. asD. after75A. lowerB. slighterC. broaderD. larger76A. liable toB. in terms ofC. thanks toD. in view of77A. uniqueB. similarC. mysteriousD. strange78A. overB. againstC. onD. behind79A. messB. boomC. growthD. decay80A. proceededB. relievedC. launchedD. revised81A. quickeningB. wideningC. strengtheningD. lengthening82A. averageB. massiveC. abundantD. general83A. labelsB. cyclesC. vehiclesD. devices84A. orB. untilC. butD. then85A. concludesB. predictsC. reckonsD. prescribes86A. distantB. likelyC. temporaryD. immediateCABDD ACBDC AADCB BCABD2009年12月四级考试完形填空Older people must be given more chances to learn if they are to contribute to society rather than be a financial burden, according to a new study on population published recently.The c