新课程标准下初中英语作业布置的问题分析和对策.doc

海 南 师 范 大 学 本 科 生 毕 业 论 文新课程标准下初中英语作业布置的问题分析和对策 姓 名： 邝小群 学 号： 201003010410 专 业： 英语 年 级： 2010级 系 别： 英语系 完成日期： 2014年3月 指导教师： 吴言（讲师） Homework Assignment Problems and Countermeasures in Junior School under the New CurriculumA Thesis Submittedto Faculty of School of Foreign Languages, Hainan Normal University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirementsfor the Degree of Bachelor of ArtsByKuang XiaoqunSupervisor：Wu Yan (lecturer)March 30 , 2014 Foreign language college, Hainan normal university本科生毕业论文独创性声明本人声明所呈交的毕业论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果，除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，本论文中没有抄袭他人研究成果和伪造数据等行为。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示谢意。论文作者签名： 日期： 本科生毕业论文使用授权声明海南师范大学有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交毕业论文的复印件和磁盘，允许毕业论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权海南师范大学可以将本毕业论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或其他复印手段保存、汇编毕业论文。论文作者签名： 日期： 指导教师签名： 日期： AcknowledgmentsI would like to thank all those who have given me their generous help, commitment and enthusiasm, which have been the major driving force to complete the current paper. My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to my adviser, Wu Yan, for her constant instruction and guidance. She has walked me through most of the stages of the writing of this paper. Without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form.Second, I am also greatly indebted to teachers and students in Dong Fang Railways Middle School in Hainan province, who were kind and very cooperative when they were asked to fill in the questionnaires.Last, my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis. Homework Assignment Problems and Countermeasures in Junior School under the New Curriculum Author: Kuang Xiaoqun Supervisor: Wu Yan (Lecturer) (School of Foreign Languages, Hainan Normal University Haikou 571127) Abstract: homework is one of the important steps in teaching. Students doing homework can consolidate and digest knowledge learned in classroom, and turn the knowledge into skills. Homework at the same time is an important way of teaching feedback for teachers. They can find out the shortage in their teaching. But in the real teaching, for various reasons, homework has become a burden on students, which results in the generation of students weariness. However, English as an important subject in junior high school, English homework there are many problems. So, how to arrange rational English homework, and improve student learning efficiency is one worth studying topic and it is very meaningful. This paper aims for English homework assignment problems facing in junior high school to do a survey on the part of students and teachers in Dong Fang City railway school in Hainan Province. And then I further and analyze the deficiencies of English homework arrangement and give my suggestions. Key word: English homework; problems; survey; suggestions 新课程下初中英语作业布置的问题分析及对策作者：邝小群 指导教师：吴言（讲师）（海南师范大学外国语学院，海口，571127)摘 要：作业是课堂教学的重要步骤之一, 学生通过作业巩固和消化课堂所学知识，并把知识转化为技能。同时作业也是教学反馈的一种重要方式，老师在学生作业发现自己教学中的不足。但在真正的教学中，因为各种原因作业有时候却成为了学生的负担，导致学生厌学情绪的产生。然而，英语作为初中学科中重要的一科，英语作业也存在很多问题，所以，如何合理布置英语作业，提高学生学习效率是一个值得深究的并有意义的一个话题。本文旨在针对当前初中生面临的英语作业布置问题，通过对海南省东方市铁路中学的部分学生和老师做有关调查，进一步了解和分析英语布置存在的不足，并给出自己的建议。关键字：英语作业; 问题 ;调查; 建议 contents1. Introduction- 1 -2. Literature Review- 1 -2.1 Research Abroad- 1 -3. The Background of the Situation of Homework Assignment- 2 -3.1 The Main Features- 2 -3.2 The Reasons- 3 -3.4 The Definition and the Function of Homework- 4 -3.5 The New Curriculum Standards of English Homework- 5 -4. Research and Analysis- 5 -4.1 Survey Background- 6 -4.2 The Subjects and the Instruments of the Survey- 6 -4.3 Surveys Analysis- 6 -4.3.1 The Four Questionnaires for Teachers- 6 -4.3.2 The Questionnaire for Students- 11 -4.4 Surveys Findings- 13 -5. Suggestions- 14 -5.1 English Homework Should Be Diverse- 15 -5.2 The Amount of English Homework Needs to Be Moderate- 15 -5.3 Homework Varies according to Students Different Levels of Cognitive Ability and Infrastructure- 15 -5.4 Stimulate Students Initiative- Participate in Homework Evaluation- 16 -5.5 Homework Designs Should Be Paid Attention to the Combination of Adaptation and Design by Oneself- 17 -6. Conclusion- 17 -6.1 Significances of the Survey- 17 -6.2 Limitations of the Survey- 18 -Bibliography- 18 -Appendix- 20 -1. IntroductionJunior high school is the key stage of learning English. Homework assignment is one of the important progresses to improve teaching quality. In English teaching, teachers assigning homework scientifically can further improve the teaching efficiency and the students learning interest. 2. Literature Review2.1 Research AbroadNearly 20 years, foreign scholars have done a lot of studies about homework problems. Studies include the correlation between time to complete homework and academic achievement, peoples attitude towards homework, feedback on homework, school homework policy and homework affected. Cooper (1989) defined that homework is such kind of learning tasks arrange by teachers for students and used extra-curricular time to complete. Homework is not only a great influence learning outcomes for students, but also have a great impact on the ability to develop independent learning (Cooper, 1989).2.2 Research in China This field (homework) started late in China. There are a few of empirical researches and experimental studies, and the majority of current results are teachers teaching lessons. Our primary and secondary schools began to implement the new English curriculum standards in 2001. The curriculum standards emphasize translation from teacher-centered to student-centered and attention from passing knowledge to the construction of knowledge. Implement of the new curriculum has led to a number of in-depth studies and reflects by English language educators, but there is few study about English homework problems. Zeng Taochu(1999, cited in Wang silou, 2008) pointed out, students achievement is related to quality of homework and the students involvement. The higher homework quality is, the better achievement get. It is the same to students involvement. In terms of the amount of work configuration, for this issue “How much time junior high school students should spend to complete the English homework? ”, the Ministry of Education ( State Board of Education, 1994) made it clear that the total daily homework time all grades in junior high school subjects must not exceed 1.5 hours (by the time of middle level students). Students using 20 minutes to complete English homework which is designed by English teachers will achievements good learning results (Shan jiqing, 2003). Despite there are some achievements on homework layout, but the problems of homework still do not get enough attention. it still need to solve. So when many foreign workers focus on improving teaching in classroom, the English homework design can not be neglected.3. The Background of the Situation of Homework Assignment3.1 The Main Features1）Single TypeUnder the new curriculum, homework should be students development-oriented, paying more attention to students interests and needs, focusing on the development of students personality and it helps students to foster innovative spirit and develop practical ability. As students development platform, the assignment ought to give students self homework rights, which provides students with self-expression, reflection and summary of opportunity. But now there are still many English homework layout problems and single type is one of them. Paper work is the main assignment type. Most of teachers generally tend to furnish written assignment, such as vocabulary exercise, grammar exercise, writing exercise, reading exercise, while non-written assignments, such as listening, speaking, reading in a great degree are ignored. In fact, the English homeworks type is so rigid and boring that it cant arouse students interest, which dampen students enthusiasm to complete the English homework. An important principle of English teaching is that listening and speaking are the leader with reading and writing to keep up”. That means that verbal task is an important aspect in English learning. And verbal task should be a large proportion of English homework. But in the actual teaching, the verbal homework is a mere formality. It is not implemented, which results in “dumb English” and students can not reach the “new curriculum standards” requirements.2）Large AmountIn terms of the amount of homework configuration, for this issues “How much time should junior school students spend on the English homework?” the Ministry of Education (State Board of Education, 1994) made it clear that the total daily homework time for all grades of junior high school subjects must not exceed 1.5 hours ( by time of middle level students time). For students, the amount of homework must be appropriate, not to engage in sea tactical. Practice has proved that the overburdened not only fail to achieve the purpose and requirements of the assignment, but also increase the burden on students and undermine students body health.3）The Same Homework to EveryoneAs we all know, every student has different individual characteristic, different foundation, various acceptance and self-control, etc. All aspects are different, but our teachers assignments are uniform. Most of teachers assign the same homework ignoring students different learning levels, which cant take care of every students personality development. On the one hand, it is hard for some students to finish the homework timely in high quality, so they lose interest in homework. They feel anxious when they do the homework. On the other hand, some students simply because the homework is too boring and dull to complete, which cant excite their learning and creating potential. Such unified assignment became helpless and passive.3.2 The ReasonsThe main features about the English homework assignment exist many years in English teaching. Of course, there are still other defects on assigning homework, such as difficult homework, teacher-dominated in homework evaluation method. Though implementation of quality education was advocated in our country, and a part of districts has achieved, however, the exam-oriented education in our country has been implemented for many years, many teachers are influenced by its deep thought so that the teachers lack attention to the students, thus affecting the education work. In fact, the students need learning autonomously. Learner autonomy theories aims at transferring responsibilities for aspects of the language learning process( such as setting goals, selecting learning strategies, and even evaluating progress) from teacher to the learner (Cotterall,2000). Therefore, our country conducted a national education reform. That is oriented education. But whats the oriented education? According to the internet, oriented education means this kind of education that divorce from social development and contrary to human development law to cope with the entrance examination for the purpose of educational ideas and educational activities. Examination is its purpose and its educational model and test method limits the students ability into full development, which get students difficult to adopt to work and society. Under this kind of education idea, we can understand why there are so many shortcomings on the homework. So what are the concrete reasons? First, the entrance examination mode in junior high school determines the modes of homework. The form of exam in junior high school is mainly writing, less speaking, listening aspects and in order to meet the test, many teachers fill follow the exam mode to assign the homework, then the assignment appears single type. Second, the examination-oriented education ignores the ideological and political education, and training does not focus on non-intelligence factors such as the personality qualities, mental qualities. One-sided pursuit of enrollment quotas is its most obvious feature. Under examination-oriented education influence, scores will be emphasized while students ability cultivation is ignored in teachers assignment. Sea tactical operations instead of the effective homework design. Sea tactical operation is a heavy burden on students learning which not only cant achieve the so-called effect, but also enable students to produce irritability, anxiety mood. Third, teachers ignore the personality development of students. For different students have different cognitive ability, so the teachers should design homework according to different learning characteristics of students. This is individualized. It makes every student play his specialty. Then it can avoid every student to complete the same homework.3.4 The Definition and the Function of Homework Cooper (1989) defined that the homework is such kind of learning tasks arranged by teachers for students and used extra-curricular time to complete. Assignment refers to learning task of a subject assigned by teachers and completed by students independently after class. It is also called homework, because most students usually complete it at home (Mu Jinjiang and Luo Xiaojie, 2006:16). English as an international language is inevitable to cooperate with the students, extracurricular individuals and groups in the process of learning and use. So, teachers must pay attention to oral work and make the verbal task become an important part of homework. Reasonable homework helps students consolidate what they have learned in class and put knowledge into skills. At the same time, homework is also an important way of teaching feedback for teachers and they can find themselves teaching deficiencies in students homework. However, from our experience in junior high school, the homework still is regarded as a tool to strengthen the classroom teaching by the traditional teaching evaluation. The content of homework is mostly the mechanical memory by the old form, which suppresses the students interests, and ignore the students learning ability training, then it curbs the development of students leaning ability.3.5 The New Curriculum Standards of English Homework “English curriculum standards” focused on how to develop the ability of students to help the lifelong development of students. it is not only the process that students master the English language and practice activities, but it is the process that students can shape their will, enrich their life experiences, develop thinking skills, personality and improve humanistic qualities. In English Curriculum Standards (2001:2-3) six fundamental concepts are mentioned in which junior school teaches should take three of them into deep consideration while thinking about proper assignments and assessments. These three concepts are: (1) to highlight the learning-center concept and respect personal differences; (2) to adopt the ways of taking activities, to advocate experience and participation; (3) to value the process assessment and facilitate students development. Arrangement of homework is linked closely with instructional activities. It plays an important part on consolidating knowledge and improving the ability of students. It also helps teachers to check teaching effectiveness and improve the teaching. Therefore, we should give high priority on the homework layout. Under the New Curriculum, English homework design should be culti-faceted, culti-shaped, culti-dimensional so that students four basic skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) can be effectively trained.4. Research and AnalysisLike Chinese, English is a language subject. We need to get trained four basic skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing) to really grasp it. English is an important subject to students in junior high school. In addition to speaking and reading in the classroom, English homework can not be ignored. However, since the state initiated the quality education, most of the foreign workers turned their attention to improving classroom teaching, while extracurricular English homework is not improved. In order to get more information about English homework layout, I get some teachers and students to fill five questionnaires about the feedback of English homework and the source of English homework material. The teachers and students are from Dong Fang City Railway School in Hainan province. Through the studies I analyze further the deficiencies of English homework arrangement and give suggestions to the problems. I hope the studies can give more teachers, especially the teachers in rural areas suggestions which draw more teachers attention to the problems and teachers can apply the suggestions to the true teaching. 4.1 Survey BackgroundThere are totally one hundred and forty students. The students are from two classes. And 70 students are from Class 3, Grade7, and 70 students are from Class 4, Grade 7. Two classes both are ordinary classes and there is the same homework everyday. English as one of the main subjects, the homework is arranged in written form everyday. In addition to students, there al