高考英语必考点专题09情态动词和虚拟语气（高效演练）（含解析）.docx

专题09情态动词和虚拟语气高效演练一单句语法填空1.My room is a mess, but I _not clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.【答案】need【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我的房间很乱，都是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以每天早晨打扫。故填need。2.Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week？If you _(tell)me，I could have helped.【答案】had told【解析】句意：上个星期你为什么不告诉我你的麻烦事？如果你告诉我了，我就能帮你。根据句意和相关信息判断，条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设，此时从句用过去完成时，主句谓语用“情态动词have done”形式。3.You _ be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years. 4.He _ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.【答案】couldnt【解析】考查情态动词。句意：尽管他想努力睡着，但还是无法入眠。此时他就开始寻找睡着的办法，直到找到为止。根据语境可知，他显然是“不能”入睡，根据句中的although he tried to可知这里说的是过去的事情，所以用cannot的过去式。5.The door _ open, no matter how hard she pushed.【答案】wouldnt【解析】本题考查情态动词。句意：无论她怎样用力推，这扇门就是不开。根据句意可知，wouldnt 用于表示过去的否定句中时，表示拒绝，可译为“不肯/愿意，总是不”等。这里门好像有了意愿一样和她作对，这是一种拟人的用法。6.Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ find the money. 【答案】can【解析】考查情态动词。句意：如果我现在能有足够的钱，我将和约翰一起去欧洲度假。本题考查情态动词表能力。can能够符合题意，故填can。7.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able_get out. 【答案】to【解析】考查情态动词was able to 。 was able to表示经过努力能够做到，强调成功。句意：大火很快蔓延了整个宾馆，但是大家都成功地离开了。根据语境可知，强调成功地逃出，故填to。【特别提醒】表示“能力”的情态动词有：can, could, be able to(1)情态动词can只有两种时态形式，现在时can和过去式could, 而be able to有多种时态形式。Mary can play the piano.She has been able to play it since she was five.玛丽会弹钢琴，她5岁起就会弹了。(2)表示过去能力时，was/were able to表示经过一番努力后取得了成功。相当于manage to do或succeed in doing，而could没有这个含义。Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain.昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。8.The fire in the supermarket last night was terrible!They _ have taken some measures to prevent it occurring. 【答案】should【解析】句意为“超市昨晚的火灾很可怕。他们本应该采取一些措施来预防火灾的发生”。这里表示“应该做某事而实际上未做”，所以用should have done结构。9.One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.【答案】shall【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：我们有一项规定，每位学生在校期间都要穿校服。此处shall表示按照法律、条例、规定必须要做的事情。10. I _ not use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house. 【答案】need【解析】句意：我不必用钟表唤醒自己，因为火车每天早上六点经过我的房子。根据原因状语从句的内容可知此处表示的是“不必”。故填need。11.I dont care what people think.Well, you_. 【答案】should【特别提醒】表示“必要性”的情态动词通常有：must, should, ought to, have to(1)ought to与should意思大体相同，但ought to语气比should重，往往表示从法律或道义上“应该”。You are his father and ought to take care of him.你是他父亲，应当照顾他。(有责任，从道义上应该)Young people should show respect to the old.年轻人应该尊重老年人。(2)have to表示“必须，不得不”，这个意义与must很接近，但must表示主观意志，而have to表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。I told her that she must give up smoking.我叫她必须戒烟。I have to hand in my term paper before 5：00 pm.today.12.The new law states that people _ not drive after drinking alcohol. 【答案】must【解析】句意：新颁布的法律禁止人们酒后驾车。由题干中的law可知答案为must。13. One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school. 【答案】shall【解析】句意：我们的规章制度之一就是在校时每个学生都应该穿校服。shall用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示法律规定时，意为“应该”。故填shall。14. Will you read me a story，Mummy?OK.You _ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.【答案】shall 【解析】句意：妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？好，如果你尽快睡觉，我就给你讲一个。Shall在此处表示“允诺”，故填shall。【特别提醒】情态动词“偏义”大本营(1)表示过去经过努力而成功地做了某件具体的事情时，只能用was/were able to，不用could。(2)must有一种含义，即“偏要”。(3)shall可以用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人的允诺、命令、警告、威胁等；在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等。(4)will可以表示意愿。will还可以表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性等，意为“经常，惯于，总是”。(5)should表示惊异、意外等情绪，经常用于疑问句和肯定句中，多译为“竟然，居然”。15.George cant _(go)too far.His coffee is still warm.【答案】have gone【解析】句意：乔治不可能走得太远了。他的咖啡仍然是温的。cant have done是对过去的否定推测。 16.You_be careful with the camera.It costs! 立意与点拨：根据空后的动词原形be可知此处填情态动词，根据句意和后面的感叹号可知这是说话人提出的要求，且语气非常强烈，因此只能填must。 【答案】must【解析】句意为：你必须要小心使用相机。它很贵重！根据下文的It costs！可知，此处是说话人对使用相机的人提出的要求，must意为“必须”，表示说话人主观上的要求，语气强烈。17. It _ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.【答案】couldnt【解析】考查情态动词。句意：你难以完成那道练习题，不可能是词汇量的原因，因为你掌握了大量的词汇。根据原因状语从句because you know a lot of words可知，主句应该是否定的。此处为对可能性的推测，couldnt 表示“不可能”。18.What are you doing this Saturday?Im not sure, but I _ go to the Rolling Stones concert.【答案】might/may【解析】考查情态动词。句意：“你这个周六做什么？”“我不确定，但是我或许会去滚石演唱会。”根据答语的前半句“我不确定”可知，空格处应填表示“可能，或许”意思的词语。19.Good morning.Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.Ah，good morning.You _ be Mrs.Peters.【答案】must【解析】第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约，那想，那下面的人就该回应税说。“那您一定就是Mrs.Peter了”，故填must。20.What do you mean，there are only ten tickets?There _ be twelve. 【答案】should【解析】你这是什么意思，只有十张票吗？应该有十二张。should表示“应该，应当”。故填should。二单项选择1. Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they _ just be quiet people.Amust Bmay Cshould Dwould【答案】B【解析】言语不多的人未必就腼腆，他们可能只是好静而已。must肯定；may或许；should应该；would想必。【特别提醒】1must用于肯定句，表示较有把握的推测，意为“准是，一定”。2should用于肯定句中，语气次之，意为“很可能，应该”，指按常理推测。3can用在肯定句中，表示理论上的可能性。如：Smoking can cause cancer.吸烟有可能引起癌症。4may用在肯定句中，表示对现在把握不大的推测，意为“也许，可能”。5could，might也可表示推测意义，常用在过去时态中；但在某些场合下，为了使语气更缓和、更委婉，常用could，might代替can，may。如：They saw something in the sky last night.It could/might be a UFO.昨天晚上他们看见天空中有个东西。它有可能是不明飞行物。2. I dont really like James.Why did you invite him?Dont worry.He _ come.He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.Amust not Bneed not Cwould not Dmight not【答案】D【解析】根据he wasnt certain可知，James可能不来。3. Hows your new babysitter?We _ ask for a better one.All our kids love her so much.Ashould Bmight Cmustnt Dcouldnt【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：你的新保姆怎么样？找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。should应该；might可能，可以；mustnt禁止；couldnt不可能。根据句意选D。4._it be Tom that stole the managers mobile phone?No.As far as I know, Tom is very honest.AMay BCan CMust DShould【答案】B【特别提醒】1否定推测(1)表示否定的推测时，cant/couldnt语气最强，指“不可能”，带有惊异、怀疑的感情色彩。如：The story sounds reasonable，but it cant be true.这个故事听起来合情合理，但不可能是真的。(2)语气不很肯定时，常用may not或might not表否定推测，意为“可能不，也许不”。如：He may not/might not be at home.他可能不在家。2疑问句中的推测疑问句中的推测，常用can或could，意为“可能”。如：Who can it be？Can it be Jenny?那能是谁呢？是玛丽吗？3情态动词表推测的三种时态(1)对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词动词原形”。She must arrive before 5. 5：00前她一定到。(2)对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词be”，“情态动词be doing”或“情态动词动词原形”。He must/may be listening to the radio now.他一定/可能正在听收音机。5._ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气的省略。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I.，故选B。6 _ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty. A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it【答案】B7If the new safety system _ to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put【答案】A【解析】句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A项是正确的。8._(have)the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDSrelated deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.9. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway_ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A.didnt write B. hadnt written C. wouldnt write D. wouldnt have written【答案】D 【解析】句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句用would have done，因此选D项。 三单句改错1John，look at the time.Need you play the piano at such a late hour? 【答案】Need 改为Must【解析】句意：约翰，看看时间。这么晚了你偏要弹钢琴吗？从说话人的语气判断，含有不满之意。must在此表示特定的语气和态度，意为“偏要，硬要”。故把Need 改为Must。2.I must not have been more than six years old