2019年高中英语Module2FantasyLiteratureSectionⅢGrammar—动词_ing形式作状语教案外研版.docx

Section Grammar 动词-ing形式作状语语法图解探究发现Will, still watching, saw the cat behave curiously.When it had gone past he crossed the road, keeping his eyes on the spot where the cat had been investigating.While sitting by a pool, Ferdinand sees a frog.Before leaving his kingdom, he calls his son to him.Not knowing her address, I cant write to her to express my gratitude.Having lived with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well. 我的发现(1)六个例句中的动词ing形式的逻辑主语都是句子的主语。(2)由例句可知，动词ing形式的否定式是在ing形式前面加not。(3)在例句中，动词ing形式短语前用while，为了强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生；在例句中，动词ing形式短语前用before，为了强调在谓语动词的动作之前发生。(4)由例句可知，动词ing 形式的完成式为having_done。一、基本用法动词ing形式作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一个动作(即动词ing形式与主语在逻辑上存在主动关系)，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬，它可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随动作，相当于相对应的状语从句或and引导的并列句。1作时间状语。通常放在句首，有时在句中或句末，相当于when或while等引导的时间状语从句。Putting on his clothes (After he put on his clothes), Bill went out in a hurry.穿上衣服后，比尔匆忙离开了。即时演练1句型转换When she saw nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.Seeing_nobody_at_home,_she decided to leave them a note.Arriving home, he found the door locked.When_he_arrived_home,_he found the door locked.When she arrived at the party, she found all the people gone.On_arriving at the party, she found all the people gone.2作原因状语。通常放在句首，相当于as, because, since, now that等引导的原因状语从句。Being ill (As he was ill), he could not walk any further.因为生病，他不能再往前走了。即时演练2用所给词的适当形式填空Knowing (know) the place very well, I acted as their guide.Being (be) anxious about his childs safety, he couldnt fall asleep.(福建高考改编) Pressed from his parents, and realizing (realize) that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.3作条件状语。可以在句首也可在句末，相当于if, unless引导的条件状语从句。Heating water, we can change it into vapor.把水加热，我们可以将其变为水蒸气。即时演练3(1)用所给词的适当形式填空Working_(work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. Seeing (see) from the top of tower, you will get a good view.(北京高考改编)Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, keeping (keep) on your feet.(2)完成句子Reading_carefully (仔细阅读), youll learn something new.Playing_all_day (整天玩), you will waste your valuable time.4作让步状语。多放在句首，相当于一个让步状语从句。Knowing all this, they still made me pay for the damage.尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me.尽管知道我住哪里，他从来也没有来看我。即时演练4句型转换Although they played well, they lost the game.Playing_well,_they lost the game. Knowing that it was dangerous, she walked home by herself.She walked home by herself, although_she_knew_that_it_was_dangerous.5作结果状语。通常位于句末且中间有逗号，相当于一个并列分句。The boy ran even faster, reaching the school out of breath.那个男孩跑得更快了，到达学校时累得上气不接下气了。(2017天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated.这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能够得到治疗。名师点津动词ing形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。而不定式作结果状语则表示出乎意料的结果，且常与only 连用。即时演练5用所给词的适当形式填空I built all my hopes on his promises, only to_find (find) that he was not an honest person. The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year, thus making (make) it one of the bestsellers at that time.(湖南高考改编)The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing (bath) the mountain in golden light.6作方式或伴随状语。用来说明动作发生的背景或状况。一般情况下，现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，其动作发出者就是句子的主语。谓语动词是主要动作，分词是陪衬动作。伴随状语或方式状语位于句首、句中或句末均可。He was walking along the street, looking this way and that. 他在街上走着，左顾右盼。即时演练6(1)句型转换All the students sat in the classroom, and waited for their new teacher.All the students sat in the classroom, waiting_for_their_new_teacher.The young man held a torch in his hand, and climbed up to the top of the clock tower.Holding_a_torch_in_his_hand,_the young man climbed up to the top of the clock tower.(2)按要求改写句子They all stood there, and watched closely as the magician did the tricks.(用动词ing形式作状语)They_all_stood_there,_watching_closely_as_the_magician_did_the_tricks.All the students paid their attention to what their teacher said, taking notes carefully.(改为并列句)All_the_students_paid_their_attention_to_what_their_teacher_said_and_took_notes_carefully.二、动词ing形式作状语的注意事项1特殊形式：连词v.ing形式。出于强调或某种表达需要的考虑，可在v.ing形式前加上when，unless, though, before等词。While waiting at the dentists, I read a short story.在牙科诊所候诊时，我读了一篇短篇小说。You cant find the secret cave, unless following a local guide (unless you follow a local guide)如果你不跟着一位当地向导，你就找不到这个隐蔽的山洞。Even though possessing every fortune in the world，you cant possess peoples respect.即使拥有世界上所有的财富，你也不会拥有人们的尊敬。2动词ing形式短语前可用介词on/upon，表示“一就”。On hearing the news, all the pupils jumped with joy.一听到这个消息，所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来。3主语一致。 ving形式作状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致，否则就要在分词前加上其自身的逻辑主语构成分词的独立主格结构。 It being fine today, we went out for hiking.今天天气很好，我们出去远足。4独立成分作状语。有些现在分词短语可以独立成为句子成分，不受句子主语的限制，这些常见的结构有：judging from/by从来判断；generally speaking一般说来；supposing假设；speaking of说到；considering鉴于。Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys.一般说来，女孩比男孩细心。Judging from her accent, she must come from Arabian countries.听她的口音，她准是来自阿拉伯国家。5为了强调结果，可在动词ing形式前加副词thus。The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay.公共汽车遭遇暴风雪，因此造成了延误。即时演练7句型转换While reading the book, he fell asleep.While he_was_reading_the_book,_he fell asleep.As soon as he arrived in Beijing, he went to visit his uncle.On/Upon_arriving in Beijing, he went to visit his uncle.He dropped the glass onto the ground, and as a result broke it into pieces.He dropped the glass onto the ground, thus_breaking it into pieces.三、动词ing形式的否定式和完成式1动词ing形式的否定式通常在动词ing形式前加否定词not。She was puzzled, not knowing what had happened.她迷惑了，不知道发生了什么。2动词ing形式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。Having finished the letter, he folded it and put it into the envelope.写完信后，他把信折起来装进了信封。即时演练8用所给词的适当形式填空Not_understanding (not, understand) English, he didnt know what the two Englishmen wanted.Not_believing (not, believe) what they said, he wanted to look into the matter himself.用所给词的适当形式填空1The sunlight is white and blinding, throwing (throw) hardedged shadows on the ground.2When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.3Tony lent me the money, hoping (hope) that Id do as much for him.4Standing (stand) in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New smartphone.5On/Upon arriving (arrive) at the lab, she got down to work.6The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, adding (add) that he had enjoyed his stay here.7“You cant catch me！” Janet shouted, running (run) away.8Having_finished (finish) reading the letter, he decided to write a reply.9Arriving (arrive) at the building site, she found them busy laying bricks.10When leaving (leave) the airport, they waved again and again to us.完成句子1Having_worked_for_two_days (工作了两天之后), Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.2Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way using_the_sun_and_the_stars (借助太阳和星星)3Hearing_the_bad_news (听到这个坏消息), Mary felt very sad.4The fire lasted nearly five days, leaving_nothing_valuable (没有剩下什么值钱的东西)5You must be careful when_crossing_the_street (过马路的时候)6Although_working_hard_from_morning_till_night (虽然从早到晚地拼命干), his father didnt get enough food.7Looking_around_the_room (环顾房间), the father was very surprised and very angry.8The pop star walked out of the stag