2010年自考医学类工程心理学复习笔记(第7章).doc

一般现在时的用法1、表示客观真理和永恒的状态包括客观真理、格言、科学事实以及其他不受时限的事实。The sun rises in the east. from the east （）The earth moves around the sun.Practice makes perfect.London stands on the River Thames.2、表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态常用来表示现在时间里某种动作的经常性和习惯性。常与频度副词always，seldom，never，usually等及时间副词every day/night/day/week/month, in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night等连用。频度副词： always, usually ,regularly ,every morning/night/evening/day/week, often,sometimes , occasionally, from time to time, twice a week , rarely, seldom, once a month, hardly, ever , never.Eg: He often gets up at six in the morning.3、表示现时/现阶段状态和现在瞬间动作Silvia is at the door.My uncle lives in his hometown now.瞬间动作常见于戏法表演、技术操作表演、魔术解说、比赛现场解说等。Look, I take this card from the bag and place it under the table.4、表示将来时间在一些情况下，一般现在时能用来表示将来时。 A、 谓语动词是：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, live, fly 等，可以表示将来发生的动作。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus start? It starts in ten minutes. B 、在时间或条件从句中，一般要用一般现在时表示将来，而不用一般将来时。 When Bill comes , ask him to wait for me. Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there. C 、谓语动词是 hope, take care that, make sure that 等后的宾语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。 I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. D、这种时态可以和一个时间短语连用以表示已确定的、对将来的安排： 如：The boys start school on Monday男孩们星期一开学。 I leave tonight我今天晚上动身。 E、这一用法代替了较常用的现在进行时态： 如：The boys are starting school on Monday男孩儿们星期一就要开学了。 Im leaving tonight我今天晚上就动身。谓语动词第三人称单数变化规律情况构成方法 读音例词一般情况加 -s 清辅音后读/s/ 浊辅音和元音后读/z/ swim-swims；help-helps；like-likes以o结尾的词加 -es 读/z/goes,does以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词 加 -es 读/iz/watches以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y 为i再加es 读/z/study-studies 不规则变化have和be动词变have 为 has 变be为am, is, arehave-has；be-am, is, are一般现在时用法表Exercise:（一）用动词的适当形式填空1. She _(go) to school at seven oclock.2. Its 6 oclock. They are _ (eat) supper.3. He usually _ up at 17:00.(get )4. She _ (live) in Beijing.5. Amy _ (be) here just now.6. _ (be)there a fly on the table just now?7. My father _ (watch) TV every evening .8. My father _ (make) toys these days.9?_ Amy _ (read) English every day10. Chen Jie sometimes _(go)to the park with her sister.（二）.选择填空1I want_homework now. A. doing B. to do C. to do my D. do my2Its time_.A. go to school B. play games C. to go home D. to do my homeworks3_go and help her. A. Lets me B. Lets us C. Lets D. Lets to4Do they have a new car? Yes,_.A .they are B.they have C. they dont D. they do5He often _ supper at 6:00 in the evening.A. have B. has c. is having D. is eating6. We _ any Chinese classes on Friday.A. are having B. arent having C. dont have D. are have1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答)2. I have many books. （改为否定句）3. Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis （改为否定句）4. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句）5. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）6. David has got a goa