英语文化词汇.doc

文化lofty character 高尚的品格opera highlights 折子戏 stilt walk 踩高跷 pantomime; mime 哑剧 pantomimist 哑剧演员 skit 戏剧小品 circus show 马戏 monologue comic talk, standup comedy 单口相声 stunt 特技表演 witty dialogue comedy, comic cross talk 相声the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment 京韵大鼓 shaanxi opera 秦腔 sealcutting 篆刻 characters cut in intaglio 阴文 characters cut in relief 阳文 seal 图章 graver 刻刀 making rubbings from stone inscriptions 拓碑 rubbing 拓片 workmanship/craftsmanship 工艺，手艺handicraft 手工艺品 wood carving 木雕 boxwood craft 黄杨木雕 carved lacquerware 雕漆 stone carving 石雕 miniature engraving 微雕 ivory carving 象牙雕 bamboo engraving 竹雕 shell carving 贝雕 ice sculpture 冰雕 painted sculpture 彩塑 enamel 瓷釉 embroidery 刺绣 scroll 卷轴 batik 蜡染 clay figure 泥人 lacquer painting 漆画 lacquer ware 漆器 celadon 青瓷色 two-sided embroidery 双面绣 landscape/ink painting 水墨画 Suzhou embroidery 苏绣 sandalwood fan 檀香扇 trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 唐三彩 pottery 陶器 Ceramics 制陶业 the four stationery treasures of the Chinese studya writing brush, an ink stick, an ink stone and paper 文房四宝 inkslab engraving 砚刻 Yixing pottery 宜兴陶 folding fan 折扇 Wickerwork 枝编工艺 tapestry 织锦，挂毯 papier mache 纸工艺品 Chinese painting 中国画 三、folklores 民间传说 fable 寓言 legend 传说 mythology 神话 God of Heaven 玉皇大帝 the Eight Immortals 八仙 Change, the Chinese moon goddess 嫦娥 Fu Xi, God of Fishery and Husbandry 伏羲 god of fortune, god of prosperity, and god of longevity 福禄寿三星 god of fortune 财神 god of the kitchen 灶神 Gonggong, God of Water 公神 Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns) 后羿 Yellow Emperor 黄帝 Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant ) 夸父 Nuwa: a goddess who patches up the sky 女娲 Pan Gu, creator of the universe 盘古 Patron of Agriculture 神农 Yu, the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty 禹 Zhurong, God of Fire 祝融 make the past serve the present and the foreign serve China 古为今用，洋为中用 inscribe a poem 赋诗 matching an antithetical couplet 对对联 solar calendar 阳历 gregorian calendar 公历 lunar calendar 阴历 heavenly stem 天干 earthly branch 地支 leap year 闰年 the twenty-four solar terms 二十四节气 zodiac 十二生肖 rat 鼠 ox 牛 tiger 虎 hare 兔 dragon 龙 snake 蛇 horse 马 sheep 羊 monkey 猴 rooster 鸡 dog 狗 pig 猪 year of monkey 猴年 ones year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches 本命年 traditional holidays 传统节日 Spring Festival 春节 pay a New Year visit 拜年 firecracker 鞭炮，爆竹 Eve of Chinese New Year 除夕 Spring couplets 春联 ring out the old year and ring in the new 辞旧迎新 Jiaozi, boiled dumpling 饺子 pot sticker 锅贴 temple fair 庙会 ring out the old year 鸣钟辞旧岁 (traditional) New Year pictures 年画 the Eve Feast; family reunion dinner on Lunar New Years Eve 年夜饭 year-end household cleaning 年终大扫除 stay up late on the New Years Eve 守岁 family reunion dinner 团圆饭 New Year gift-money; money given to children as a New Year gift 压岁钱 dragon dance 舞龙 Lantern Festival (15th day of the first lunar month) 元宵节 sweet sticky rice dumplings 元宵 festival lantern 花灯 lantern riddle 灯谜 lion dance 狮子舞 stilt walking 踩高跷 Pure Brightness Festival/Tomb-sweeping Day (April the 5th) 清明节 sweep tomb sites of loved ones 扫墓 offer sacrifices to the ancestors 祭祖 go for an outing in spring 踏青 dragon Boat Festival (5th of the fifth lunar month) 端午节 dragon boat race 赛龙舟 zongzi (pyramid-shaped dumpling made by glutinous rice wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves) 粽子 Departed soul 亡灵 loyal minister 忠臣 Quyuan the poet 诗人屈原 Moon Festival/Mid- Autumn Day (15th of eighth lhunar month) 中秋节 mooncake 月饼 appreciate the glorious full moon 赏月 reunion 团圆 sweet osmanthus 桂花 Double Ninth Day/the Aged Day 重阳节 admire the beauty of chrysanthemum 赏菊climb mountain 登高 TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) 中药 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies 才子佳人 cradle of civilization 文明摇篮 Xia Dynasty 夏朝 (of) Ming and Qing dynasties 明清两代 Chinese civilization 中华文明 Sichuan, Szechwan, Szechuan 四川 Shaanxi 陕西 Research Center for Ancient Civilizations 古文明研究中心 Chinese and overseas scholars 中外学者 archaeologists 考古学家 anthropologist 人类学家 historian 历史学家 five major styles of calligraphy 书法五大书体 seal script/seal character篆书 official script/clerical script 隶书 running script/semi-cursive script 行书 cursive script 草书 regular script/standard script 楷书 traditional Chinese painting 中国画 Chinese brush painting; ink and wash painting 水墨画 traditional Chinese realistic painting 工笔 Chinese character 汉字 stroke （汉字）笔画 radical 偏旁部首 writing system 书写体系 Sino-Tibetan 汉藏语系 Sinologist/Sinologue 汉学家 Sinomania 中国热 of the same origin 同宗同源 the Chinese ancestors 华夏祖先 single syllable 单音节 Chinese language is “soberly logical” 汉语有“合理的逻辑性” the four tones of Chinese characters 汉语四声调 level tone 阴平 rising tone 阳平 falling-rising tone 上声 falling tone 去声 martial art 武术 Kung fu 中国武术 styles or schools of martial art 武术门派 practice martial art for fitness 习武健身 ancient form of combat 古代格斗术 Chinese Martial Art Association 中国武术协会 top martial artist 武林高手 Qigong; deep breathing exercises 气功 judo 柔道 karate 空手道 tae kwon do 跆拳道 boxing 拳击 wrestling 摔跤 fencing 击剑 walk the earth (with a sword) 仗剑走天涯 Chinese architecture 中国建筑 Quadrangle, the traditional Chinese single-story houses with rows of rooms around the four sides of a courtyard 四合院 (Mongolian) yurt 蒙古包 inscriptions on a tablet 碑刻，碑文，碑铭 the forest of steles, tablet forest 碑林 Taoist temple 道观 hall 殿 beacon tower 烽火台 drum tower 鼓楼 ornamental column 华表 corridor 回廊 altar 祭坛 rockery 假山 watchtower 角楼 corridor 廊 pailou, decorated archway 牌楼 bridge 桥 stone boat 石舫 grotto 石窟 pavilion on the water 水榭 pagoda; tower 塔 terrace 台 altar 坛 pavilion 亭阁 bell tower 钟楼 pillar, column, post 柱 emperors mausoleum/tomb 陵墓 major cultural heritage 重要文化遗产 outstanding folk arts 优秀民间艺术cultural relics 文物 Chinese knot 中国结 Cheongsam 旗袍 traditional Chinese garments (clothing), Tang suit 中山装 cloisonn 景泰蓝 royal court envoy 朝廷使者 men of letter 文人 refined scholar 雅士 culture industry 文化产业 cultural deposit 文化底蕴cultural undertaking 文化事业 cross-cultural communication 文化交流 culture shock 文化冲突 national culture 民族文化 folk culture 民间文化 urban culture 城镇文化 rural culture 乡村文化 native culture 当地文化 performing art 表演艺术 popular art, pop art 现代流行艺术high art 纯艺术 refined art 高雅艺术 cinematographic art 电影艺术 theatrical art 戏剧艺术 male (the positive male role) 生（男性正面角色） female (the positive female role) 旦（女性正面角色） a supporting male role with striking character 净（性格鲜明的男性配角） a clown or a negative role 丑（幽默滑稽或反面角色） painted role 花脸 monodrama; one-man show 独角戏musical 歌舞喜剧 shtick 滑稽场面，搞笑小噱头 skit 滑稽短剧 amateur performer of Beijing Opera/Peking Opera fan 京剧票友 Peking Opera Mask 京剧人物脸谱 ventriloquism 口技 puppet show 木偶戏 voice over 旁白 shadow play; leather-silhouette sh