2002级经济学原理课程第一次测试试卷(全).doc

P.S：由于录入者不擅长绘图，所以涉及图形的题目没有录入，见谅。 2002级经济学原理课程第一次测试试卷1. The primary focus of economics is on:A. The related problems of scarcity and choice.B. How to make money on the stock marketC. Why there are no choices to be madeD. Mathematical estimation of theoretical models2. When there are insufficient resources to satisfy all individual wants A. Government has to decide which wants go unsatisfiedB. A market system must be implementedC. Choices must be made D. Prices must rise3. The primary implication of scarcity is thatA.One should never wait until tomorrow to buy something that is available today B.Government planning is required to determine how resources are to be usedC.Choice must be madeD.The standard of living will decline over time4.Time A.is not a scarce resource because there is always tomorrow B.is a scarce resource for producers,but not for consumers C.is a scarce resource for consumers,but not for producers D.is a scarce resource for everyone5.Economics is about how individuals and countries A.Satify unlimited wants with limited resources B.satify limited wants with unlimited resources c.satify unlimited wants with unlimited resources d. satify limited wants with limited resources6.scarcity a.reflects greed b.indicates the need for a central planning authority c,indicates the need for free markets d/requires making choices among alternatives7,when resources are limited but wants are unlimited,individuals musta.make choices among available alternativesb,put the public interest before self-interestc.become less greedyd/reduce their expectations8.in the United States,the question of which goods are produced,and in what Quantities,are primarily answered by A.the government B.producers C.Consumers and the government D.Cosumers and producers9.the numbers of automobiles,TVs,and pizzas that are produced at any point in time represent an answers to the basic economic question of A.how items are produced B,which goods are produced and in what quantities C.for whom these items are produced D,who makes economic decisions10.In the United States, goods are primarily produced forA.Those who want them but cannot afford themB. Those who can afford them but do not want them C. Those who want them AND can afford them d. Those who need them but cannot afford them11Under a system of central planning A.The government is involved only in the basic economic questions of how goods are produced B. The government is involved only in the basic economic questions of how goods are produced and for whom they are produced C.the market system is left to function in less complex markets d.the government answers the 3 basic economic questions12When economists talk about a mixed economy,they are reffrring to the eraction between the product and labor markets b,observation that both government and individuals make decisions c,interaction between consumers and producers d,relationship between microeconomics and maeconomics13.the United States is an example of a -economy,in which markets ensure the-of the government addresses concerns of -A,centrally planned,efficiency,equityB mixed,efficiency,equityC market, equity, efficiencyD mixed, equity, efficiency14.marketsA ,allow buyers and sellers to communicate their desire to make exchangesB ,will not resolve the question of how much of each good is producedC ,will not resolve the economic question of for whom goods are producedD .Eliminatescarcity and the problems associated with limited resources15.in a marketeconomy,the questions of which goods are produced,and in what quantities,are answered byA ,the governmentB producersC consumers and governmentD consumers and producers16. the market system will notA provide individuals with all they wantB determine how goods are producedC determine which goods are producedD determine for whom goods are produced17all of the following,except one accurate description of the United States governments role.which is wrong?A it sets the legal structure under which firms and individuals operateB it answers the basic economic question of which goods are produced and in what quantitiesC it supplies goods and services not provided by the marketD it aids many of those citizens who are disadvantaged18 in the product market,households A are sellers of goodsb are buyers of goodsc determine how goods are producedd are sometimes buyers , sometimes sellers of goods19. microeconomics is that the branch of economics that focuses primarily onA inflation and unemployment B behavior in highly aggregated marketsC economic growth in less developed countriesD the behavior of firms,househoods,and individuals20 all of the following,except one.would be an appropriate focus of study for microeconomics.which is notA the determination of prices in the computer industryB the determination of the rate of inflationC the level of production by a firm in the compact disc industryD the behavior of firms,househoods,and individuals21. maeconomics is that branch of economics that focuses primarily onA market economiesB the behavior of individual unitsC economic aggregates such as unemployment and inflationD centrally planned economies22.positive economicsA is of no help in making judgmentsB concerns what should be C is a subset of normative economicsD predicts the consequences of actions23. which of the following is a positive economics statementA unemployment insurance is too lowB lowing unemployment is more important than curbing inflationC the typical doctor earns more than the typical blue-collar workerD unemployment insurance is too high24 normative economics A describes how the economy operatesB focuses on what isC concerns what should be D Predicts the consequences of actions25.when economy makes a prediction about the effects of a government Policy ,this representsA maeconomic analysisB a shot in the dark C microeconomic analysisD positive economic analysis26the belief that individuals weigh the costs and benefits of each possibility open to them is referred to as the assumption ofA opportunity costB scarcityC production possibilitiesD rational choice27 the economists assumption of rational choice is based on the expectation that individualsa use economic models to make choicesb make choices and decision in pursuit of self-interstc collect all possible information prior to making a choiced all have the same preferences28in their study of rational consumers,economists focus onA what determines the goals and desiresof consumersB whydifferent consumers have different preferencesC how consumers preferences affect the choices consumers makeD Why consumers preferences change over time29. rationality,in the case of firms,is taken to mean that they strive to A maximize profitB charge the highest possible priceC maximize revenuesD sell the highest quantities petitive markets are efficient ,this meansA scarcity is eliminatedB it is possible to produce more of all goods with existing resourcesC the only way to produce more is to put currently idle resources to workD it is not possible to produce more of one good without producing less of some other good31 which of the following is the most economically efficient method of allocating resources?A lotteries b prices c rationing d first come ,first served33，Anthony spends all his income on loaves of bread and fish ,Bread costs 2dollars/loaf and fish are 5dollars,Anthonys income is 20dollars. which of the following combinations of loaves and fish lies on Anthonys budget constraint?A 4loaves and 3 fishB 5loaves and 2 fishC 6loaves and 2 fishD 7loaves and 2 fish35.Karen sleeps 8 hours a night and works 8 hours a day,She spends the remaining 8 hours swimming and watching TV,if we were to ignore the time she spends working and sleeping ,her constraint would indicateA the various combinations of hours she can devote to swimming and watching TVB which TV shows she watchesC how many TV shows she can watch if she does not go swimming D which TV shows she could watch if she does not go swimming 36.a production possibilities curve defined over guns and butter showsA how much land the country needs to produce guns and butterB the maximum amount of guns that can be produced for each amount of butter produced C the minimum amount of guns and butter required by the country,given its populationD the minimum amount of guns that can be produced for each amount of butter produced 37a countrys production possibilities curve is downward-sloping becauseA resources are equally well equipped for the production of any goodB the more a countrysinhabitants have of anything ,the lower is the value they place on having more of it C some resources are better equipped for the production of one good than anotherD if we want to produce more of one good,we must sacrifice some production of the other good38 if a countrys production possibilities curve bows outward,this indicates thatA to produce more of one good, the country must sacrifice increasingly large amounts of the other good B scarcity is less of a problem the more of the country producesC the country faces fixed trade-offsD the country can produce more of all goods simultaneously41 the opportunity cost of an activity is A the amount of money spent on the activityB the next-best use of the resources devoted to the activityC any cost that cannot be recoveredD the value of the time spent on that activity42the saying “there is no such thing as a free lunch “is based on the premise thatA food banks do not existB food banks should not existC everything has an opportunity cost D governments always subsidize food production43,Jean has just begun attending college ,which of the following should not be included in the opportunity cost of this activity?A tuition feesB the value of the meals she consumes C the value of books she purchases for coursesD the wages she could have earned had she not gone to college44the slope of a vertical line is A zero B positive C negativeD infinite45.choices of individuals and firmsare limited by A time constraintsB production possibilitiesC budget constraintsD all of the above46individuals or countries tradewith each other bcause they A are concerned with increasing societys welfareB cannot consume all they produce C expect to gain as a result of the tradeD have to dispose of excess resources 47.one of the principal advantages of trade is that allows countries to A specialize according to comparative advantageB dispose of excess supplies of goods that they do not want C share equally in the potential gains from tradeD leave the exchange feeling that they have been treated fairly48 when the forces of supply and demand operate freely,the effects of a drought on the corn harvest will be indicated in the market by A government-imposed limits on individuals purchases of cornB an increase in the price of corn C advertisements in the newspapers advising people to reduce consumption D a reduction in the price of corn 49 the concept of demand refers to the quantity of a good that buyersA would like to buy at a given priceB need to maximize satisfaction C are able to purchase in the marketplaceD would purchase if they had unlimited income50the curve that describes the quantities of a product that a buyer would like to purchase at different prices is called the A demand curveB supply curveC production possibilities curveD budget constraint51the demand curve is downward sloping .which means that quantity demanded for a good -when its price-A rises , risesB falls, fallsC is unchanged ,falls D rises, falls52，an individual is typically willing to purchase more of a good at low prices than at high prices ,which implies that the individual demand curve will be A horizontalB vertical C downward slopingD of indeterminate shape53the market demand curve is A derived by vertically summing the individual demand curves at each quantityB derived by horizontally summing the individual demand curves at each priceC derived by vertically summing the individual demand curves at each priceD independent of the individual demand curves55,a decline in consumersincome will normally causeA the demand curve to shift to the left B a movement along the demand curve such that quantity demanded declinesC an individual to increase consumption of any goods she purchasesD a movement along the demand curve such that quantity demanded increase56if an increase in the price of good A leads to a rightward shift in the demand for good B ,we would conclude that Aand B A are substitutesB could be either substitutes or complementsC are unrelatedD are neither substitutes nor complements57，which of the following factors is most likely to a shift in the demand curve for movie tickets ?A a change in the price of attending a movieB a change in the size of movie theatersC a change in the price of video rentals D an increased supply of movies58,the concept of supply refers to the quantity of a good that firmsA need to sell if they are to make positive profitsB are able to sell in the marketplaceC would like to sell at a given price D would buy at a given price59,by the term “supply curve”,economists mean the curve describing the relationship between price and the quantity supplied .this focus on price means:A economists believe price is the only factor that influences quantity supplied B price is the only factor that influences quantity suppliedC economists are inappropriately overlooking other influences on quantity supplied D economists are assuming that other influences quantity supplied are constant so that the effect of price can be isolated60,the supply curve is upward sloping ,which means that the quantity supplied of a good -when its price-A rises,risesB falls ,fallsC is unchanged, falls D rises,falls61,a firm is typically willing to offer more of a good for sale at high prices than at low prices,which implies that the firms supply curve will be A horizontalB vertical C upward slopingD downward sloping62.an increase in the price of an input will normally causeA a movement along the supply curve such that quantity supplied declinesB the supply curve to shift to the right C a firm to increase the amount it offers for sale D The supply to shift to the left63,a technological improvement will normally causeA the supply curve to shift to the rightB a movement along the supply curve such that quantity supplied declinesC The supply to shift to the leftD an individual to increase consumption of any goods she purchases64,the quantity supplied is influenced by both changes in price and changes in variables other than price,changes in -result in-the supply curveA ,variables other than price,movements along B variables other than price ,shifts of C price, shifts of D input prices , movements along 65at the equilibrium priceA the quantity demanded exceeds the quantity suppliedB both consumers and firms think the price is fairC the quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demandedD the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied66.excess demand will exist wheneverA the actual price is below the equilibrium priceB the price is such that the quantity demanded equals the quantity suppliedC scarcity has been eliminatedD the actual price is above the equilibrium price67if the market price for a good is such that consumers wish to buy more of the good than firms are offering for sale ,the excess-will tend to cause price to A demand ,fallB supply ,riseC price,fallD demand ,rise68,if the price of a substitute for candy bars to rise,the demand curve for candy bars would shift to the -,the equilibrium quantity would -;and the equilibriumPrice would -A left,fall,riseB right ,rise,riseC left rise riseD Right ,fall,rise69,if the price elasticity of demand for a product is 2dollars ,a price increase from 1dollar to 1.02dollar will cause quantity demanded to A rise by 4 percentB rise by 2 percentC fallby 4 percentDfall by2 percent70 if the demand for a p