英语名词单复数形式.doc

1 .一些特殊词的变化：this-these that-those he/she/it-they is-are2.一般性的可数名词变复数时直接加“s”。bird-birds pear-pears flower-flowers room-roomsbrother-brothers sister-sisters3 不可数名词的单复数形式一样。milk-milk juice-juice bread-bread rice-rice water -water honey-honey4, 以元音字母结尾的名词变复数时加“es”tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes5, 有些成双成对的单词常以复数形式出现.hands(手） eyes(眼睛） gloves(手套） shoots(靴子） trousers(裤子） ears(耳朵）tooth-teeth(牙齿) legs(腿) foots(脚）chopsticks(筷子) socks(袜子）等6. 以“y”结尾的名词多变“y”为“i”再加“es”但“y”前是元音字母的不需作此变化.butterfly-butterfliesfamily-families 但boy-boys toy-toys monkey-monkeys key-keys day-days7, 单词中含有名词“man”的要变“man”中的“a”为“e”postman-postmen fireman-firemen milkman-milkmen fisherman-fishermen man-menwoman-women policeman-policemen等.8 以“ch ” “sh” “x” “s”结尾的名词变复数时加“es”peachpeaches pencil-box-pencil-boxes class-classesbox-boxes watch-watches dish-dishes10, 以 “f”或“fe”结尾的名词变复数时要去掉“f”或“fe”再加“ves”leaf-leaves knife-knives thief-thieves loaf-loaves wife-wivescalf小牛 half半 knife刀 leaf叶子 life生命 loaf（面包的）条只 self自身 sheaf捆 shelf架子 thief贼 wife妻子 wolf狼11 单词本身以元音字母“e”结尾的直接加“s”orange-oranges pie-pies cake-cakes bee-bees uncle-uncles13，以元音字母开头的名词单数表达时前不是“a”而是“an”anorangean eggan apple an elephantan ice-cream3以-f或-fe结尾的词, 变-f和-fe为v再加-esleaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives加-sbelief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-esparty-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-citiespiano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos7以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-sradio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8以-th结尾的名词加-struth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths, 2. 不规则名词复数： 英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下： 规则 例词 1改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2单复数相同 sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin, 3只有复数形式 ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents4一些集体名词总是用作复数 people, police, cattle, staff 5部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party 6复数形式表示特别含义 customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟