光电检测论文CCD光电信号数据采集系统与上位机应用软.doc

光电检测论文：CCD光电信号数据采集系统与上位机应用软件设计【中文摘要】自1969年美国贝尔实验室提出CCD (Charge Coupled Device)电耦合器件的概念,经过40多年的发展,CCD技术及其应用取得了长足的进步,尤其是在图像传感和非接触式测量领域发展尤为迅速。随着高速铁路的普及,CCD光电检测技术以其高精度、高速率和非接触式测量等优点为高铁的运营提供可靠、安全的保障。本研究课题着眼于实际需求,设计了一种可应用于CCD光电检测系统的高速模数转换电路。模数转换电路以8MHz的频率对CCD传感器产生的两路4MHz的模拟信号进行模数转换,并输出12位的数字信号。本文主要内容包括：介绍了由CCD驱动模块、差分放大模块、模数转换(Analog To Digital Converter ADC)模块、CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device)可编程模块、FIFO (First Input First Output)高速缓存模块和USB2.0控制传输模块等功能模块构成的CCD光电测量硬件系统。重点介绍了由差分放大模块、ADC模块.CPLD可编程模块和FIFO高速缓存模块构成的信号采集系统的设计。在Protel 99se软件环境下,完成了硬件电路PCB板图的设计。基于Quartus设计了CPLD内部模块程序,实现模数转换芯片THS12082工作模式的配置,并对两路信号以8MHz的频率进行转换,同时完成高速先入先出FIFO芯片主复位的设置,包括选择工作模式、总线宽度和数据存储方式等。利用Visual C+6.0平台,完成了上位机应用软件的设计。上位机应用软件调用CyAPI库函数,实现了对硬件系统的控制,测量数据的采集、传输、存储和波形显示功能。搭建了相应的测试系统,完成了系统的调试。实验测试证明,本系统能够对两路光电信号以8MHz的频率进行模数转换,并将每次测量数据缓存在FIFO中,通过USB接口将测量数据传输至PC机分析存储,显示虚拟波形。【英文摘要】CCD (Charge Coupled Device) technology and related applications have been made considerable progress since it was proposed by the Bell Labs conceptually in 1969, especially in the image sensor and non-contact measurement area. CCD photoelectric detection technology can provide a reliable and secure protection for modern high-speed railway system, due to its high precision, high speed and non-contact measurement.In this work, a high-speed analog to digital conversion module, which can be applied in CCD photoelectric detection system, is designed. This can convert tow 4-MHz analog CCD sensor signals to 12-bit digital signals at the conversion rate of 8-MHz. The mainly content of this work includes:Firstly, a CCD photoelectric detection hardware system is introduced, and it mainly consists of CCD driving module, analog signal differential amplifying module, analog to digital conversion (ADC) module, CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device) programmable module, and FIFO (First Input First Output) high-speed cache module and USB2.0 high-speed transmission module. Detailed description of design and function for differential amplifying module, analog to digital module, CPLD programmable module and FIFO high-speed cache module is presented. Meanwhile, the printed circuit board for these four functional modules is designed utilizing the Protel 99se software.Then, some CPLD internal module program is designed under the Quartusplatform, aiming to achieve the configuration for analog to digital conversion chip THS12082 and FIFO cache chip, including setting the THS12082 at the sampling rate of 8-MHz, choosing the work mode, bus width and data storage mode for the FIFO cache chip. In addition, Windows-based PC (personal computer) application software is developed under the Visual C+ 6.0 platform. By calling the CyAPI library function, hardware system control, measured data collection, transmission, storage and waveform display in the personal computer are realized.Finally, a corresponding test system is built up. The experimental results show that our system can measure the displacement for the objects accurately. Under the control of application program, the measured data can be delivered to the personal computer through the USB interface correctly, and data save, virtual waveform display for measured results are realized as well.【关键词】光电检测 非接触式测量 模数转换 高速先入先出【英文关键词】Photoelectric detection non-contact measurement analog to digital conversion High-speed first-in-first-out【目录】CCD光电信号数据采集系统与上位机应用软件设计摘要6-7ABSTRACT7第一章 绪论11-151.1 课题研究背景和目的11-121.1.1 研究背景11-121.1.2 研究目的121.2 国内外研究现状12-141.3 本文的主要内容及安排14-15第二章 系统硬件设计15-322.1 设计目标152.2 系统总体设计15-162.2.1 模块功能介绍15-162.3 器件型号选择162.4 差分放大和ADC模数转换电路设计16-222.4.1 差分放大电路设计16-172.4.2 ADC模数转换电路设计17-222.5 CPLD时序和逻辑控制电路设计22-242.6 高速FIFO缓存电路设计24-302.7 系统电源设计30-32第三章 系统软件设计32-423.1 系统软件概述32-333.2 CPLD模块程序设计33-353.2.1 ADC驱动程序设计33-343.2.2 FIFO驱动程序设计34-353.3 应用软件设计35-423.3.1 应用软件的功能简介353.3.2 应用软件与驱动程序的通信35-363.3.3 应用软件的功能实现36-42第四章 系统