研究生英语 good taste bad taste.ppt

GoodTaste BadTaste PostgraduateEnglishIntensiveReading I UnitSeven AbouttheAuthorWordsStudyPhrasesLanguagePointsExercisesAssignment Unit7 AbouttheAuthor StephenBayley 1951 Britishdesignconsultant writer exhibitionorganizerandmuseumadministrator bornonOctober13 1951 atCardiff HeattendedQuarryBankSchool Liverpool ManchesterUniversityandLiverpoolSchoolofArchitecture andgraduatedwithanM A HeworkedasLecturerinHistoryofArtattheOpenUniversityin1974 1976andtheUniversityofKentin1976 1980 directorofConranFoundationandsubsequentlytheBoilerhouseProjectandtheDesignMuseumin1980 1990 principalofEye QLtd designconsultancy nowRedwoodandBayleyLtd in1990onwards contributingeditorofGQin1991onwards HelecturedthroughouttheUKandabroad PeriodicalPublishersAssociationMagazinegrantedhimColumnistoftheYear1995 andFrancegavehimChevalierdesArtsetdesLettres Hispublicationsinclude InGoodShape 1979 TheAlbertMemorial 1981 ConranDirectoryofDesign 1985 Sex DrinkandFastCars 1986 CommerceandCulture 1989 Taste 1991 GeneralKnowledge 1996 andmanycontributionstonewspapersandmagazines Hisleisureinterestsincludetravel relatedservices solitarysports books Thispassagedealswiththesubjectoftaste Individualsdifferintheirtastesaswellasintheiracceptsofwhatconstitutesgoodtaste Thepassageprovidesabasisonwhichfurtherdiscussionscanbeconductedandreadersareencouragedtoairtheirownviews WordsStudy sketchn 1 asimple roughdrawingdonequicklywithoutmuchdetaile g HehasdoneanewsketchofLadyGregory Theartistsmadeseveralsketchesbeforebeginningthefinalpainting 2 abriefwrittenorspokendescription anoutlinee g Thebookbeganwithasketchoftheauthor slife Iwillgiveyouasketchofwhathashappened WordsStudy enchantv fillwithdelight charm Thebeautifulhouseenchantedeveryonewhosawit Hewasenchantedby withtheidea Wewereenchantedwiththeperformanceofopera Theperformanceoftheoperaenchantedus enchantingadj Sheisanenchantinggirl IhavelongthoughtofitasthemostenchantingvillageinEngland enchantedadj Themusiciansweregivenastandingovation enthusiastic prolongedapplause bytheenchantedaudience WordsStudy recurrentadj happeningagainandagain repeatede g Hesuffersfromrecurrentpainsinhishead Inflationwillbetherecurrentproblemwemustface Shetriedtoridherselfoftherecurrentmemoriesofherunhappychildhood WordsStudy restraintn qualityofbeingcalmorcontrolled ofnotshowingstrongfeelingse g Ithinkyoushowedgreatrestraintinnothittinghimafterwhathesaid Thewisemanexercisesrestraintinhisbehaviorandenjoyments Aworkofartshouldshowjusttherightamountofrestraint WordsStudy alternativen achancetochooseordecidebetweentwoormorepossiblethings coursesofaction etc somethingthatmaybetakenorchoseninsteadofoneormoreotherse g I mafraidIhavenoalternativebuttocanceltheproject Thereisbutonealternative wemustleave Thejudgeofferedthecriminalthealternativeofafineorsixmonthsinprison WordsStudy excessn somethingmorethanisreasonable lackofmoderatione g Hisexcessesindrinkingshortenedhislife Anexcessofrainmaycausedisastrousconsequences toexcesse g Itisharmfultoeattoexcess Sheisgeneroustoexcess Don tcarryyourgrieftoexcess Moretolearn WordsStudy ation probation prE5beiFEn n 1 缓 刑 期 以观后效的 察看 2 试用 期 试读 期 specification 7spesifi5keiFEn n 1 常pl 规格 规范 2 明确说明 3 产品等的 说明书 complication 7kCmpli5keiF E n n 1 新出现的 困难 难题 2 并发症 irrigation 7iri5 eiFEn n 灌溉 reconciliation 7rekEnsili5eiFEn n 和解 调和 aviation 7eivi5eiFEn n 1 航空 航空学 2 飞机制造业 abbreviation E7bri vi5eiFEn n 缩写词 revelation 7revi5leiFEn n 1 被揭示的真相 惊人的 新发现 2 揭示 透露 显示 circulation 7sE kju5leiFEn n 1 体液的 循环 水 空气等的 流通 2 流传 传播 发行 3 发行量 4 货币等的 流通 automation C tE5meiFEn n 自动化 技术 自动操作 indignation 7indi 5neiFEn n 愤怒 愤慨 义愤 discrimination dis7krimi5neiFEn n 1 歧视 2 辨别力 识别力 assassination E7sAsi5neiFEn n 刺杀 暗杀 ration 5rAFEn n 1 配给量 定量 2 常pl 给养 口粮vt 配给供应 定量供应 federation 7fedE5reiFEn n 1 联合会 2 联邦 collaboration kE7lAbE5reiFEn n 1 with 与 协作 与 合作 2 与 勾结 configuration kEn7fi ju5reiFEn n 配置 布局 构造 sensation sen5seiFEn n 1 感观的 感觉能力 2 感知 知觉 3 轰动 引起轰动的事件 或人物 vegetation 7vedVi5teiFEn n 植物 草木 meditation medi5teiFEn n 1 默想 默念 2 沉思 冥想 沉思录 imitation imi5teiFEn n 1 模仿 2 仿制 仿制品 3 赝品 sanitation sAni5teiFEn n 公共卫生 卫生设施 orientation 7C rien5teiFEn n 1 方向 目标 方位 2 熟悉情况 适应 情况介绍 notation nEu5teiFEn n 记号 标记法 dissertation 7disE 5teiFEn n 专题论文 学位论文 salvation sAl5veiFEn n 1 拯救 解救 2 解救措施 innovation 7inEu5veiFEn n 1 新方法 新事物 2 革新 创新 WordsStudy eous hideous 5hidiEs adj 极其丑陋的 难看的 gorgeous 5 C dVEs adj 1 华丽的 灿烂的 绚丽的 2 令人十分愉快的 极好的 simultaneous 7saimEl5teiniEs 7simEl5teinjEs adj 同时发生的 同时存在的 同步的 instantaneous 7instEn5teinjEs adj 瞬间的 即刻的 homogeneous 7hCmEu5dVi njEs adj 同种类的 同性质的 有相同特征的 erroneous i5rEunjEs adj 错误的 不正确的 courteous 5kE tjEs adj 彬彬有礼的 客气的 WordsStudy re reassure ri E5FuE vt 使放心 reclaim ri5kleim vt 要回 开垦 荒地 回收 reconciliation 7rekEnsili5eiFEn n 和解 调和 recur ri5kE vi 再发生 重现 refreshment ri5freFmEnt n 1 pl 茶点 点心 2 精力的 恢复 精神爽快 refund ri 5fQnd n 退款vt 退还 钱款 rehabilitate 7ri hE5biliteit vt 1 改造 罪犯等 使恢复正常生活 2 使恢复原状 修复 3 恢复 的名誉 renovate 5renEuveit vt 修复 整修 如新 repay ri 5pei vt 1 归还 款项 2 报答 repel ri5pel vt 1 使厌恶 2 击退 逐回 驱逐 3 排斥 reprisal ri5praizEl n 报复 报复行动 retrieve ri5tri v vt 1 重新得到 取回 收回 2 挽回 补救 3 检索 revenge ri5vendV n 报复 报仇vt 为 报仇 报 之仇 revision ri5viVEn n 1 修订 修改 修正 2 修订本 修订版 3 复习 温习 revive ri5vaiv vt 使苏醒vi 恢复 WordsStudy ive n olive 5Cliv n 橄榄 橄榄树adhesive Ed5hi siv n 粘合剂adj 可粘着的 粘性的 indicative in5dikEtiv adj 1 of 标示的 指示的 象征的 2 陈述的 直陈的n 陈述语气 imperative im5perEtiv adj 1 必要的 紧要的 极重要的 2 命令的n 1 必要的事 必须完成的事 2 祈使语气 的动词 cooperative kEu5CpErEtiv n 1 合作社 2 合作商店 或企业等 adj 1 有合作意向的 乐意合作的 2 合作的 协作的 derivative di5rivEtiv n 派生物 衍生物adj 非独创性 模仿他人的 additive 5Aditiv n 添加剂 fugitive 5fju dVitiv n 逃亡者 亡命者adj 1 企图 逃跑的 逃亡的 2 短暂的 易逝的 incentive in5sentiv n 刺激 鼓励 locomotive 7lEukE5mEutiv 5lEukE7mEutiv n 机车 captive 5kAptiv n 俘虏adj 被俘虏的 被捕获的 Phrases keepupwith remainlevelwith befullyinformedofe g Tomworkedhardtokeepupwiththeotherstudents Howdoyoukeepupwiththelateststylesinfashion Itisextremelyimportantforustokeepupwiththechangesintheinternationalsituation Phrases may might aswell dosth withoutlossandpossiblywithgaine g Youmayaswellwaitupstairs ImayaswelltellyoustraightawaythatIreallycannotdomuchaboutit Afterthedogranaway fatherthoughthemightaswellsellthedoghouse Phrases bebetteroff beinabetterposition bewisetochoose doingsomething e g You dbebetteroffleavingthecountry Becauseofhisasthma hewouldbebetteroffinadifferentclimate bewell badlyoff have not alotofmoneyorsuppliesofsomethinge g Jimisnotrich buthe snotbadlyoff Itdoesn tmatterifyourhusbandisn twelloff ifhecanmakeyouhappy Para 2 Beforetheageofmassproduction tasteusedtobetheprovinceofaneducatedelite Here province means abranchofthought knowledge orstudyconsideredashavingfixedlimits theprovinceofaneducatedelite有教养的社会名流 LanguagePoints Para 3 itisratherasthenovelistArnoldBennettputit goodtastemightbebetterthanbad butbadtasteiscertainlybetterthannotasteatall Here asthenovelistArnoldBennettputit isaparenthesis goodtaste notasteatall isapredicativeclausewiththeconnectiveword that omitted LanguagePoints Para 5 Sincethe18thcenturywhentastewasfirstdiscussed peoplehavebelievedthatitwasanendowmentofanelite handeddowntothosepoorsoulsbelowwhowantedtobetterthemselves Here handeddown tobetterthemselves isaparticipialphrasewhichfunctionsasanadverbialandgivesanaccompanyingstate Theadverb below inthisparticipialphrasemodifiesitsantecedent souls LanguagePoints Para 7 Learntheseandyou reintherewiththetastemakers Here bein with means tobefriendlywith Moreexamples 1 Ashewasinwiththemanagement hegottoknowthingsbeforetheotheremployeesdid 2 Theyareinwiththejuniorexecutiveset LanguagePoints Para 9 Underpinningwhatisalwaysthoughttobegoodtastearerecurrentideassuchasrefinement restraint appropriatenessandgoodmanners Hereinthesentencethereisaninversionofsubjectandverb Underpinning arerecurrentitideas Theclause whatisalwaysthoughttobegoodtaste isanobjectclause Itistheobjectoftheverb underpin LanguagePoints Para 18 Itcannotbelongbeforeitisgenerallyrealizedthatperfectproportionsandunderstatedelegancearesuperiortomeretriciousornament flashystandingonlyforthedegreeofsocialpretentiousness which theyexude Thisisacomplexsentence Theprincipalclauseis Itcannotbelong It hereisusedwithexpressionoftime Thesubordinateclauseis beforeitisgenerallyrealizedthat theyexude Itisanadverbialclauseoftime Noticehere it isusedasaformalsubject therealsubjectisthefollowingthat clause Andinthis that clause anattributiveclause theyexude isintroduced qualifyingtheantecedent pretentiousness LanguagePoints Translation A 在所有那些有一定自尊又有相当内容的报纸的中间部分都有一些版面 以其独到的眼光和创造性而办得比头版更具色彩 在诸如 微型市场 这样的红字栏目下 挤满了密密麻麻的醒目小广告 并附有大量的轮廓线条插图 这些广告宣传的奇异商品比天方夜谭中阿拉丁的山洞宝库更加琳琅淋目 这些广告代表着一种亚文化 甚至包括它自己的语言和标志 它的叙事语言都用最高级 它唯一的语法规则是惊叹号 I所提供的全部商品的共同特征是以某种确实很独特的方式极其诱人地使生活丰富多彩 这些商品总是能够满足制造出来的需求 因为这是一种在广告出现之前几乎毫无例外地并不存在的需求 Translation B 1 OneoftheunhealthytrendstodayisthatmanypeoplespendtoomuchmoneyjusttryingtokeepupwiththeJoneses 2 Sincehedoesn tgiveyouachancetomakeachoice youmightaswellrefusehisoffer 3 Imaginewhatstoriesthethingsyouhaveboughtwilltellandyouwillbecarefulabouttastenexttimewhenyoubuy 4 Anythingweputintothemarketsellswellbecausepeoplehaveconvictions trust inqualityofourcompany sproducts Translation 5 You dnotbebetteroffjustacquiescinglikethis 6 Inoldtimes thedesignoffurnituregotoutoftouchwithreallife Needlessornamentation decorations madeusforgetwhatfurniturewasreallyfor Moderndesignaimsatsimplicityandefficiency gettingridofallthatisinessential butprovidingwhatispleasinganduseful Apieceoffinemodernfurnitureshouldneverbeseeninisolation butaspartofasetting Onlythencanwejudgeitsshape colorandutility andsaywhetheritisingoodtasteornot Writing OnBuyingClothesClothesplaytwomajorroles functional orpractical anddecorational oresthetical Whenwebuyclothes therearemorefactorstotakeintoconsideration