皮圈架座组合机床及专用夹具设计开题报告

编号无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）相关资料题目： 皮圈架座组合机床及专用夹具设计 信机 系 机械工程及自动化专业学 号： 0923197学生姓名： 顾 涛 指导教师： 过金超 （职称：副教授 ） （职称： ）2012年11月12日目 录一、毕业设计（论文）开题报告二、毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译及原文三、学生“毕业论文（论文）计划、进度、检查及落实表”四、实习鉴定表无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目： 皮圈架座组合机床及专用夹具设计 信机 系 机械工程及自动化 专业学 号： 0923197 学生姓名： 顾 涛 指导教师： 过金超 （职称：副教授） （职称： ）2012年11月12日 课题来源实验室课题科学依据（包括课题的科学意义；国内外研究概况、水平和发展趋势；应用前景等） 课题科学意义本课题的研究意义在与使企业能根据自己的要求自主创新、自发研究设计制造设备，提高自身在国内甚至国际制造行业中的竞争力。专用机床是一种专门适用于特定零件和特定工序加工的机床，因而它主要是应对企业有单品种、大批量的零件加工定单，解决了许多企业面临的共同问题：用好设备加工虽保证加工质量但是耗费了高的成本；用普通设备加工降低了成本但是又付出了加工质量往往不符合设计要求的两难境地。通过本课题研究，就力求解决这种问题，使组合机床的加工保质性和经济性凸显。 组合机床的研究状况及其发展前景组合机床出现在世界上只有50多年的历史。我国组合机床事业是从无到有，逐渐发展起来的。从1956年开始自行设计、制造了组合机床并取得了很大发展。如北京、上海、辽宁、山东、江苏等发展很快，西北、西南地区也有新的发展。国家又重点安排了一批工厂，如大连机床厂、常州机床厂、大河机床厂、长沙机床厂、上海第十机床厂等20多个工厂生产组合机床通用部件，为全国各地机械加工部门用组合机床自己武装自己创造了非常有利的条件。许多工厂在大搞技术改造、设备更新、质量翻新的热潮中，制造了大量的组合机床及其自动线，成倍地提高了劳动生产率，保证了产量和质量，降低了成本。目前，我国大多数省、市、自治区都能设计并制造组合机床及其自动线，产量、质量和技术水平都在不断提高。我国组合机床及其自动线已占有一定数量，特别是在汽车制造行业已有了大量的组合机床及其自动线，生产能力也在不断提高。我国组合机床及其自动线已占有一定数量，特别是在汽车制造行业已有了大量的组合机床及其自动线，生产能力也在不断提高。用我国自行设计与制造的组合机床及其自动线武装起来的第二汽车制造厂，经投产后证明具有规模、效率高，具有较高的自动化程度特点。无论从工艺方案和布局，还是从加工精度和质量方面看，这些组合机床及组合机床自动线都已达到国际先进水平。组合机床解决了许多企业面临的共同问题：用好设备加工虽保证加工质量但是耗费了高的成本；用普通设备加工降低了成本但是又付出了加工质量往往不符合设计要求的两难境地。现阶段组合机床主要应用于大批量生产中，随着组合机床加工的发展与各种生产管理技术的发展与完善，组合机床在中小批量生产中也将得到广泛的应用，应用成组技术，把结构和工艺相似的零件集中在一台组合机床上加工，以提高机床的利用率。这类机床常见的有两种，可换主轴箱式组合机床和转塔式组合机床。 组合机床未来的发展将更多的采用调速电动机和滚珠丝杠等传动，以简化结构、缩短生产节拍；采用数字控制系统和主轴箱、夹具自动更换系统，以提高工艺可调性；以及纳入柔性制造系统等。研究内容 制定工艺方案。了解被加工零件的加工特点、精度和技术要求、定位夹紧情况以及生产率的要求等。确定在组合机床上完成的工艺内容及其加工方法。这里要确定加工工步数，决定刀具的种类和型式； 机床结构方案的分析和确定。根据工艺方案确定机床的型式和总体布局。在选择机床配置型式时，既要考虑实现工艺方案，保证加工精度、技术要求及生产效率；又要考虑机床操作、维护、修理是否方便，排屑情况是否良好； 组合机床总体设计。确定机床各个部件间的相互关系，选择通用部件和刀具的导向，计算切削用量及机床生产率。绘制机床的总联系尺寸图及加工示意图等。 拟采取的研究方法、技术路线、实验方案及可行性分析 制定工艺方案了解被加工零件的加工特点、精度和技术要求、定位夹紧情况以及生产率的要求等。确定在组合机床上完成的工艺内容及其加工方法。这里要确定加工工步数，决定刀具的种类和型式。 机床结构方案的分析和确定根据工艺方案确定机床的型式和总体布局。在选择机床配置型式时，既要考虑实现工艺方案，保证加工精度、技术要求及生产效率；又要考虑机床操作、维护、修理是否方便，排屑情况是否良好；还要注意被加工零件的生产批量，以便使设计的组合机床符合多、快、好、省的要求。 组合机床总体设计这里要确定机床各个部件间的相互关系，选择通用部件和刀具的导向，计算切削用量及机床生产率。绘制机床的总联系尺寸图及加工示意图等。研究计划及预期成果研究计划：2012年11月12日-2012年12月25日：按照任务书要求查阅论文相关参考资料，填写毕业设计开题报告书。2013年1月11日-2013年3月5日：填写毕业实习报告。2013年3月8日-2013年3月14日：按照要求修改毕业设计开题报告。2013年3月15日-2013年3月21日：学习并翻译一篇与毕业设计相关的英文材料。2013年3月22日-2013年4月11日：组合机床设计。2013年4月12日-2013年4月25日：专用夹具设计。2013年4月26日-2013年5月25日：毕业论文撰写和修改工作。预期成果：设计出专用组合机床特色或创新之处 设计专用夹具，缩短工装时间，降低成本，提高生产效率已具备的条件和尚需解决的问题会用CAD等绘图软件，对纺织机用皮圈架、组合机床和专用夹具有一定了解。了解组合机床及其自动线，组合机床的特点和工艺范围，组合机床标准及通用部件。组合机床总体设计：组合机床的设计步骤、组合机床加工工艺规程的制定、组合机床通用部件的选择、组合机床加工示意图和联系尺寸图；组合机床多轴箱设计：标准多轴箱及其通用零件、标准多轴箱设计。专用夹具设计：工件定位方案和定位元件的设计、夹紧方案和夹紧元件的设计、误差的分析与计算。指导教师意见 指导教师签名：年 月 日教研室（学科组、研究所）意见 教研室主任签名： 年 月 日系意见 主管领导签名： 年 月 日英文原文Multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool timeRegarding the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, in the industrial field has many names to describe it, like “the multitasking installment”, “the multi-purpose engine beds”, “the multi-procedure production system” and so on, it may be called the processing domain truly the nova, may reduce the cost, the simplified disposition, and has maintained in the US territory produces. Inthe past only then used the duty which many machine operations could complete, now may concentrate to an engine bed on processes completes.As a result of market demands unceasing change, the product life cycle is reducing unceasingly, todays market more intense demand multitasking installment concept. Carries out the fine profit management when the entire production environment, compared to having not concentrated the components processing to a machine on completes a finer profit.Some traditions manufacturing industry manufacturer thought that the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools are too complex,very difficult to find the appropriate operators also the difficult problem innovates on the spot on the insufficiency for the metal working Basic principle and in the Production workshop related new engine bed use solution aspect training.Intuition type technical control The equipment use “carries off the quantity of heat” the type design, has different material which the lathe bed, the steeliness straight line rolling guide, on the steeliness revolving tool box saddle, the equipment uses, all these combine make an engine bed together. These with the thermal conductivity, the volume expansion are related. All different sizes thing can by the different speed growth.As a result of this reason, needs to make the hot friendly engine bed, with the aim of knowing gives off heat the weak point in where, can compensate through the reasonable engine bed design. The part is the entire journey movement. The engine bed glide produces rubs and transform hotly. The machining produces the hot filings fall to the different place, the refrigerant can mix in the entire process in which. Will present the different temperature province continually on the cutting tool, will therefore also have many things to have the influence to the thermostability. The cutting tool technology turned the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools has had the milling and cutting power “the versatile machine”. According to the material introduced that the most remarkable characteristic is in these engine bed whole has the intuition. The anti-collision preservation technology was already mature, in certain circumstances, even if uses the manual operation pattern, can also avoid the occurrence which collides. Because the control software has the very good intuition, the user operation friendly degree unceasingly is also enhancing. Believe the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools by its survivability world-wide in the more different processing scenes. The off-line programming optimization and the NC automatic control systems formation already made this technology to be easier to accept, when therefore uses the procedure when the engine bed, does not need to spend many time tune-up procedure and confirmed that some part does not have the question. If components need to provide the high and low two revolving tool box saddle simultaneously to carry on the rough machining, in this kind of situation the programming is quite difficult, because it needs two revolving tool box saddles also to feed. The AdMac system may realize tool rests automatic programming which simultaneously feeds to these, and can cause the correct main axle speed, the correct feed rate and so on all parameters to realize the synchronization.Okuma Corporations collision avoidance system design based on actual processing operating mode anti-collision simulation, therefore, if the operator has installed the wrong cutting tool or has established the wrong parameter, the control system will examine and prevents the engine bed to enter the processing condition. Through cooperates with the Siemens, INDEX Corporation may provide the 3D pattern now “the hypothesized engine bed”, has custom-made according to some specific models engine bed. The result indicated that the simulation processes not only the fabricated parts and the actual end product is similar, is the one-to-one copy simply.The intuition type control interface, the simulation as well as other software technique are progressive, the more Production workshops have opened wide the front door to the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, but if does not have the corresponding knowledge to train and to solve the question creativity, the manufacturer is also very difficult to realize and the full use advanced engine bed flexibility aspect superiority. The work which does to the machine are more, the machine will be more complex, also needs to have the stronger skill person correspondingly to be able to operate it. If machinist past one day operated 3 engine beds, then he has this kind of multi-purpose engine bed now, might produce more components. More importantly, he may draw support from softwares help to cause the production efficiency to be higher, regarding transformation processing components preparation, may also establish the processing craft plan. Because the replacement components need to lower 3 main axles, therefore before replacing the components, the workshop should process as far as possible many components. Regarding the multi-purpose engine beds, the transformation components speed is quick, the production batch of time interval is shorter, the stock is lower, the production efficiency is higher. Can use multi-purpose engine beds some workshops fully, very quick will discover the post function the unification. Now, a workshop may only use an operator, an adjuster and a programming teacher, in the future these 3 work definitely may do by a person.In the traditional post description the machinist will transit becomes one to adjust engineer, if this engineer the familiar components processing programming, that were also more ideal. Regarding such transformation, training has been simple, so long as trains 1 individual line, but is not 3 individuals. Looking from the long views, this will provide to the people the higher post degree of satisfaction. When adjusts engineer to be responsible to process the programming, and pays attention to the components processing personally time the entire process, he completely has become this components control. In addition, but should also makes more effort in the cutting tool choice and the programming aspect, must make any model the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tool to succeed, the workshop needs to provide the skilled machinist, has ability and completes many kinds of operations nimbly. Therefore, crosswise training was at any time in the past more important. Regarded as the milling and the lathe work the different belongs to their time. Regarding personnel who will program, will understand the engine bed and controls it, this will be their ability manifestation. The cutting tool will choose most people not to install the passenger vehicle tire to the race car on, but processed the cutting tool to have such situation. The cutting tool should match with the new engine bed, is conceivably redundant on the new engine bed uses the old cutting tool to the production efficiency influence. In order to match the multi-purpose aggregate machine-tools, the new cutting tool and the cutting tool adapter technology was already developed. At present the industrial field is developing the development the processing cutting tool, may complete the turning on the identical tool rest, boring and drills truncates the processing, is only processes the phase to differ from regarding the work piece angle. The processing operates the difference even confuses is unclear. The new processing cutting tool may complete the milling and the turning. The machinery automation technology first starts from the 1920s in the machine manufacture cold finishing production in enormous quantities process to develop the application, after in the 60s, to adapt the market demand and the change, for the enhancement machine-building industry to the market nimble rapid reactions ability, starts to establish the variable automation production system,namely revolves the computer technology the flexible automation. It is in the manufacture system invariable or in the change small situation, the machinery equipment either production management process through the automatic detection, the information processing, the analysis judgment realizes the anticipated operation or some kind of process automatically, and can from make one kind of components to transform automatically to makes another kind of different components. The social practice proved that under this kind of definitions manufacture system automation and the contemporary majority enterprises are not actually accommodating. The contemporary society also not in the science and technology, the material and the personnel aspect prepares to realize this automated condition, insists such to do only meets the wasted effort. This kind of situation is not exceptional regarding the separate production methods machine-building industry, the difficulty can bigger. The aggregate machine-tool future development more use transmissions and so on variable speed motor and ball bearing guide screw,will simplify structure, the reduction production metre; Uses the numerical control system and the headstock, the jig automatic replacement system, enhances the craft controllability; As well as integrates the flexible manufacture system and so on. 中文译文多用途组合机床对于多功能组合机床，在工业领域有许多名字来描述它，如“多任务处理装置”，“多功能机床”，“多工序生产系统”等，它确实可称为加工领域的新星，可降低成本，简化配置，和一直保持在美国本土生产。在过去，只有使用多机操作才能完成的任务，现在可以集中到一台机床上加工完成。由于市场需求的不断变化，产品生命周期不断减少，今天的市场需求也更加强烈，多任务处理装置的概念。实施精益管理在整个生产环境，并没有集中的零件加工到机器上完成一个更好的利润。一些传统的制造业厂商认为，多功能组合机床是太复杂，要找到合适的运营商也难的问题，创新对金属加工的基本原理的不足，在生产车间相关的新机床使用的解决方案方面的训练地点非常困难。直觉型的技术控制设备使用“带走热量”式的设计，有不同的材料，床身，钢制直线滚动导轨，在钢制转塔刀架，设备的使用，所有这些结合在一起，使发动机的床。这些与导热系数，体积膨胀是相关的。所有不同大小的东西能以不同的速度增长。由于这个原因，要使发动机热友好床，以了解发热的薄弱点在哪里，可以补偿通过合理的机床的设计。该部分是整个旅程的运动。机床滑动摩擦热产生和变换。机械加工产生的热屑落在不同的地方，制冷剂可以混合在整个过程。将不同温度省不断的切割工具，因此也会有很多事情要对热稳定性的影响。切削刀具技术将多功能组合机床有铣削动力”的多功能机”。据资料介绍，最显著的特点是在这些机床的整体直觉。防撞保护技术已经成熟，在某些情况下，即使使用人工操作模式，也能避免发生碰撞。由于控制软件有很好的直觉，用户操作友好程度也在不断提高。相信多功能组合机床以其生存能力在全球多个不同处理的场景。离线编程的优化和自动控制系统的形成已成为该技术更容易接受，所以当使用程序时，机床，不需要花很多时间调整程序，确认了部分没有问题。如果组件需要提供高、低两个转塔刀架同时进行粗加工，在这种情况下，程序是相当困难的，因为它需要两转塔刀架也喂。该ADMAC系统可以实现刀架的自动编程，同时将这些，可以使正确的主轴速度，正确的进给速度等参数的同步实现。日本大隈公司的防撞系统的设计基于实际加工操作模式的防碰撞仿真，因此，如果运营商已经安装了错误的切割工具或建立了错误的参数，控制系统将检查和防止机床进入加工条件。通过与西门子公司合作，指数可能提供3D模式现在“虚拟机床”，定制根据一些具体模型的机床。结果表明，模拟过程不仅制造零件和实际的最终产品是相似的，是一份简单的。直觉式控制接口，仿真以及其它软件技术的进步，更