同义反译法.doc

笔译讲义之六：同义反译法/视角转换法 2020-1-24同义反译法/视角转换法一、引子1. Matties hand was underneath, and Ethan kept his clasped on it a moment longer than necessary.原译：玛提的手在下，伊桑把它握住，握得比必要的时间长了一会儿。 同义反译定义：原文本来是正面表达，译文却从反面着笔；或者，原文用肯定语气的，译文不妨倒过来，采取双否定或换反义词加否定语气。二、习惯表达方式举例1. Wet paint!2. life imprisonment3. riot police 4. crisis law5. No prisoners!6. spy film 7. He is a sore loser.8. 路上辛苦了。 原译：You must have had a tiring journey.9. Please tender exact fare.原译：请付确切数目的车费。10. Keep in lane!11. Keep off the lawn!12. I couldnt agree more with you.13. Just make yourself at home.14. “Wheres your brother?” “Hes still in bed.”15. I lay awake almost the whole night.原译：我整晚醒着躺在那儿。16. Did I get your name right? 17. That man is a total stranger to me. 18. He was the last man to say such things. 19. They are non-local laborers in Beijing.20. She wont go away until you promise to help her.原译：她要等你答应帮忙以后才肯走。21. Only three customers remained in the bar.22. We must never stop taking an optimistic view of life.23. Do you know why she is always trying to avoid you?24. I do think that it is beyond his power to fulfill the task.25. We believe that the younger generation will prove worthy of our trust.26. Ill be here for good this time.27. Wait, he is serious.28. Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!同义反译目的：1.明确语义。2.加强修辞。3.符合汉语习惯。三、反说正译1. Isnt it funny! 2. “You will try to tide me over, wont you?”“Wont I!”3. If all three of you take part in it, there can be no further questioning of your courage.4. I am never at a loss for a word; Pitt is never at a loss for the word.原译：我要找一个词从不感到困难，可是皮特找个恰如其分的词却从不感到困难。（注：说这句话的人是Charles James Fox，英国十八世纪大演讲家，然而他认为他的对手William Pitt是一位比他更伟大的演讲家。）5. When Stephen was introduced to the old couple, they said simply, “Weve read your article. We expected to meet an older man.”6. It is a good workman that never blunders.7. Suddenly he heard a sound behind him, and realized he was not alone in the garage. 8. In a little town such things cannot be done without remark. 9. The thought of returning to his native land never deserted him.10. You cannot praise the play too highly. 11. I dont think we have asked for anything that they havent done.12. The United Nations has not, so far, justified the hopes which the people of the world set on it. 13. 无论如何，她算不上一位思维敏捷的学生。原译：She can hardly be rated as a bright student. 四、正说反译1. Thats a thing that might happen to any man.原译：这样的事情可能发生在任何人身上。2. This book is a fool to that both in plot and execution. 3. He was 75, but he carried his years lightly.4. His speech leaves much to be desired.5. John was a fool for danger. 6. Computers may eventually be able to learn by using such senses as smell, touch and taste. But will computers become smarter than people? That is anybodys guess. 7. I gave you credit for being more sensible. 8. Please withhold the document for the time being. 原译：请暂时扣下这份文件。9. It is an ill wind that blows nobody good. 10. Appearances are deceptive.11. While she liked his work, she pointed out areas where improvement was possible.五、视角转换视角转换定义：按照译语的思维方式或表达习惯重新组织原句的信息，从与原语不同（不包括相反）的角度来表达同样意思。 1. Good winner, good loser. 2. Jackson was quite open. 3. I wont keep you waiting long. 4. The darkness was thinning, but the street was still dimly lighted. 5. He drove slowly down the hill, his elbows resting on the wheel, his chin cupped in his hands。6. Old habits die hard. 7. He knocked his face on the door and his cheek turned black and blue. 8. Ten to one the train will be late. 9. 在美国，人人都能买到枪。原译：In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. 10. 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。原译：You can obtain this information on the Internet.11. 他突然想到了一个新主意。原译：Suddenly he had a new idea. / He suddenly thought out a new idea. 六、结束语1) 正面译不顺，不妨反面着笔，以求尽量发挥翻