高必修一 U4 语法讲解：定语从句(关系代词).ppt

定语从句 TheAttributiveClause 一 什么是定语 定语就是在句子中用来修饰名词的那个部分 Itwasasnowyevening Theboyinblueismygoodfriend Theyraisedmoneytohelpchildreneagertostudy Themanstandingovertherewantstoseeyou TheEnglishspokenatthattimewasbasedmoreonGerman Thequestiontobediscussedtomorrowisabouttaxcut Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed 归纳 单个adj 短语 从句 adj当定语 介宾短语当定语 adj短语当定语 ing短语当定语 P P短语当定语 todo短语当定语 从句当定语 前置 后置 二 定语从句当定语是由一个句子充当时 这个句子称为定语从句 其修饰或限定的名词或代词称为先行词 定语从句的结构不完整 其缺少的成分由其引导词 关系代词或关系副词充当 同时 关系词还用于指代先行词 Thisisthecarwhichheboughtlastyear 先行词 定语从句 关系代词 三 关系词的确定 高考考点 还原代入法 把先行词 即定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 还原代入到定语从句中 确定先行词在从句中的成分 从而确定关系词 Thewoman burstoutoftheroomjustnowwasangrywithyou Themagazine Iboughtyesterdayislost TheUnitedStatesisacountry hasalonghistory Thisisthehouse Ioncelivedin who that which that which that which that 5 Theman istalkingwithmyfatherisapoliceman 6 Heisthedoctor yourmotherspoketo 7 Shanghaiisnolongerthecity itusedtobe 8 Istillrememberthelook itoncewas 9 Helivesinaroom windowfacessouth 10 Thisisthescientist nameisknownallovertheworld thewindowofwhich who that whom that that which that which whose whose thenameofwhom 结论1 先行词还原代入后在从句中充当主语 指人 指物 充当宾语 指人指物充当定语 充当表语 指人 物注 当先行词在从句中充当宾语时 关系代词可省略 who that which that whose或ofwhich ofwhom who m that which that that 观察 Thisisthehouse Ioncelivedin ThisisthehouseinwhichIoncelived Heisthedoctor yourmotherspoketo Heisthedoctortowhomyourmotherspoke 归纳 如果先行词还原代入后是充当介词的宾语 这时介词可以提前至关系代词之前 变成介词 关系代词 这时关系代词只有两种情况 指人 whom 指物 which 结论2 介词 whom which which that whom that Heistheman whomyoucanbelieve 1 看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配 in 2 看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配 Hegavemesomebooks whichIamnotveryfamiliar with 3 根据先行词判断 所用的介词与先行词搭配 Thisisourclassroom whichthereisateacher sdesk inthefrontof Thisisthebookwhichyou relookingfor 思考 本句中 for能提前至which前吗 注意 如果从句中出现结合紧密的动词短语 则不能把该短语拆开 类似短语 takecareof lookafter listento lookat dependon payattentionto等 观察 Hedideverything hecoulddoforme That stheonlything wecandonow Thisisthebestfilm I veseenforyears Theytalkedaboutthepeopleandthings theysawduringtheirjourney Whoistheboy shookhandswithyoujustnow that that that that that 结论3 先行词有以下限定时 关系词只用that 1 先行词为不定代词something everything anything nothing little much all2 先行词前有形容词最高级 序数词修饰时3 先行词被theonly thevery thelast修饰时ThisistheverybookthatI mlookingfor 这正是我在寻找的那本书 4 先行词同时指人和指物时5 当主句是who或which开头的疑问句时 观察 1 Football isaveryinterestinggame ispopularallovertheworld 2 Thisisthehousein heoncelived 结论4 只能用which 不能用that的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时 介词提前时 which which 观察 Thestudentsyoushouldlearnfromistheone workshardandstudieswell Anyone breaksthelawwillbepunished Those wanttogotothemoviesmustwaitattheschoolgate 结论5 只能用who的情况1 先行词是指人的不定代词 如one anyone anybody noone nobody none等2 先行词是those 指人时 who who who 观察 OnTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak Idon tlikethewaythat inwhichhespeakstohisparents 结论6 先行词是way 意为 方式 时 可用that inwhich引导定语从句 或省略关系词 观察 Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice peopleexpected Ilikethesamebook youdo I veneverseensuchacleverboy heis Ishalldoitinthesameway youdid 结论7 当先行词被 such thesame 修饰时 定语从句用as引导 构成 such as thesame as 结构 as as as as I 根据所给汉语提示 用定语从句完成下列句子 Thisisthebestfilm 我看过的 that Ihaveever seen 2 Hehasadaughter 在医院工作的 3 Thetree 叶子变红了的 isanoldone who thatworks whoseleavesturnred the inahospital leavesofwhichturnred II 从A B C D四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 1 Isthereanything Icandoforyou whichB whoC whomD that D 2 Ihaveseensomestrangetrees openatsunriseandcloseatsunset A whichtheleavesB whoseleavesC whichleavesD theirleaves3 All weneedisenoughrestafterlonghours work thethingB thatC whatD which B B 4 OnthetrainIsawagirl Ithoughtwasyoursister whoB whomC whichD what5 Haveyouseenthefilm Titanic leadingactorisworld famous itsB thatC whoseD which A C 1 Theman Isawtoldmetowait 2 Whoistheman spokeatthemeeting 3 Iknowaboy oralEnglishisexcellent 4 Japanistheonlycountry hehasevervisited 5 Themp4 heisusingnowismadeinJapan 6Sheiswearingthesamehat Iworeyesterday 用适当的关系代词填空 who whom that that whose that which as 7 Isthereanything youdon tunderstand 8 Thisisoneofthemostexpensivemeals Ihavehad 9 Finallythethiefhandedeverything hehadstolentothepolice 10 Thetable legswerebrokenhasbeenrepaired that that that whose that which 11 Thedays wespenttogetherarenoteasilyforgotten 12 Thedictionary myfatherboughtyesterdayisveryuseful 1 Thisistherock theboyfelldownintothesea 2 Thefilmstar wetalkedalotyesterdaywillgiveusaspeechtomorrow 3 TheWestLake Hangzhouisfamousintheworldwillbemorebeautiful 4 Thesubject XiaoWangisgoodisphysics fromwhich aboutwhom forwhich at