实验室常用化学仪器.doc

实验室常用化学仪器Typical Chemistry Laboratory Equipment烧杯 Beaker量筒 Cylinder, graduated cylinder移液管 Pipet, pipette 刻度吸量管Graduated pipet吸耳球 rubble pipette bulb温度计 Thermometer漏斗 Funnel 布氏漏斗Buchner funnel滴液漏斗Dropping funnel分液漏斗Separatory funnel无颈漏斗 stemless funnel烧瓶 Flask 锥形烧瓶Erlenmeyer flask， conical flask 蒸馏烧瓶Distilling flask平底烧瓶Flat bottom flask圆底烧瓶Round-bottom flask, round flask双颈烧瓶Two-necked flask 吸滤瓶 Filter flask, suction flask容量瓶Volumetric flask,冷凝器，冷凝管 Condenser 空气冷凝管 Air condenser回流冷凝器Reflux condenser球形冷凝器Ball condenser蛇管冷凝器Coil condenser柱Column 蒸馏柱Distilling column分馏柱Fractional column离子交换柱Ion exchange column层析柱Chromatography column索氏提取器 Soxhlet extractor接头Head 蒸馏头 Distilling head克莱森蒸馏头Claisen head, Claisen adapter接收管Adapter真空尾管Vacuum adapter大（小）变小（大）转换接头 Reduction/ expansion adapter温度计套管Thermometer adapter管子Tube试管Test tube试管夹test tube hold离心管Centrifuge tube干燥管Drying tube毛细管Capillary tube熔点管Melting point tube玻璃管Glass tube胶管、橡皮管Rubber tubing, rubber tube瓶Bottle 滴瓶Dropping bottle洗瓶Washing bottle称量瓶Weighing bottle洗气瓶Gas-washing bottle广口瓶 wide-mouth bottle干燥塔Dry tower 干燥器Desiccators, dryer, exsiccator蒸发皿Evaporating dish 表面皿Watch glass玻璃棒Glass rod 滴管Dropper研钵Mortar 研杵Pestle塞子Stopper 软木塞Cork 玻璃塞Glass stopper胶塞Rubber stopper 活塞 Stopcock坩埚Crucible坩埚盖Crucible cover 坩埚钳Crucible tongs石棉网Asbestos gauze 三脚架 tripod铁架台 Iron stand滴定架台burette stand 支架Support stand滴定管 Burette, buret 弹簧节流夹 Pinch clamp 螺旋夹Screw clamp 持夹器 clamp hold离心机Centrifuge天平Balance托盘天平Counter balance台秤Platform balance分析天平Analytical balance 电子天平Electronic balance砝码Balance weight加热器Heater酒精灯 Alcohol burner电热板 Electronic hot plate电热套 Electronic mantle加热套 Heating mantle马沸炉 Muffle furnace管式炉 Tube furnace恒温箱 Thermostat oven真空干燥箱Vacuum drying oven 搅拌器Stirring电磁搅拌器Magnetic stirring机械搅拌器Mechanical stirring搅拌棒Stirring rod泵pump水泵Water aspirator pump真空泵vacuum pump旋转蒸发仪 Rotary evaporator滤纸 Filter paper 试纸 Test paper 石蕊试纸 litmus paper PH 指示剂 PH indicator试剂 reagent 注射器 Syringe刮铲Spatula药匙Spoon标准磨口玻璃仪器 Standard ground glassware实验台 bench通风橱 Fume hood, fuming cupboard比色皿 cuvette glass cuvette quartz cuvette设备 apparatusNote 1 1.Round-bottom flask for distillation, reflux; Three-neck flask for more complicated reaction set-up (two-neck flasks also available); 2. Erlenmeyer flask for titration, crystallization, preparation; Beaker for heating, mixing; 3. Addition funnel for adding liquids; Separatory funnel for extraction and reaction work-up; 4. Condenser for distillation, Air condenser for distillation with high boiling liquids 5. Still head for distillation; 6. Various adapters for distillation, vacuum distillation; 7. Drying tub for drying gases; 8. Suction flask (filter flask) for collecting the filtrate. 9. The rotary evaporator is used for the removal of volatile solvent from solution, leaving behind the non-volatile component.Note 21. All should be used carefully, avoiding impact or breakage.2. Dont heat directly except beaker, flask and tube.3. Erlenmeyer flask and flat- bottom flask cannot withstand reduced pressure and should not be used in such system.4. After cleaning up glassware containing a stopper, a small piece of paper must be put between the stopper and ground joint to avoid adhesion.5. The glass of mercury bulb is thin and easy-to-break, thus should be used with care, never used it as a stirring rod, after use, cool it down, and rinse it afterwards to keep it from cracking, The measurement of the thermometer doesnt go beyond its graduated range.6. When assembling the apparatus follow the principle of “bottom-to-up, left-to-right”, step by step. When dis