饮食文化 菜谱.doc

I 先介绍主料介绍菜肴的主料和配汁：凉拌：主料 + with/in + 汤汁（Sauce）7凉拌黄瓜CucumberinSauce凉拌苦瓜Bitter MeloninSauce拌爽口海苔Sea Moss / moss seaweedwithSauce小黄瓜蘸酱Small CucumberwithSoybean Paste朝鲜辣白菜Korean CabbageinChili Sauce盐水鸭肝Duck LiverinSalted Spicy Sauce泡椒凤爪Chicken FeetwithPickled Peppers酱肘花Sliced PorkinSoy Sauce酱牛肉Beef SeasonedwithSoy Sauce凉粉Clear NoodlesinChili SauceII 先介绍烹饪方法1、介绍菜肴的做法和主料：做法（动词过去式）+ 主料（名称/形状）蜜汁叉烧Honey-Stewed Pork BBQ蒙古牛肉SautedMongolian Beef铁板牛肉SizzlingBeef Steak小炒脆骨SautedGristles腌雪里蕻PickledPotherb Mustard虎皮尖椒Pan-Seared Green Chili Pepper白灼时蔬ScaldedSeasonal Vegetable炒生菜SautedLettuce 清炒菠菜SautedSpinach清炒红菜苔SautedChinese Kale干煸扁豆Dry-FriedFrench Beans地三鲜Sauted Potato Green Pepper and Eggplant家常豆腐FriedTofu, Home Style卤水鹅掌MarinatedGoose Feet 2、介绍菜肴的做法、主料和配料：做法(动词过去式)+主料（名称/形状）+ 配料青椒肉丝SautedShredded PorkwithGreen Pepper腊肉炒香芹 SautedPreserved PorkwithCelery雪菜炒肉丝SautedShredded PorkwithPotherb Mustard蚂蚁上树 SautedVermicelliwithSpicy Minced Pork韭菜炒鸡蛋 ScrambledEggwithLeek葱花炒鸡蛋 ScrambledEggwithScallion腰果鸡丁SautedDiced ChickenWithCashew Nuts虫草炖老鸭StewedDuckwithAwetosauteed sliced pork with potato sauteed eggs with tamatosauteed vermicelli with minced pord and pickled cabbage 3、介绍菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁：做法(动词过去式)+主料（名称/形状）+ with/in +汤汁鱼香肉丝SautedShredded PorkwithSpicy Garlic Sauce蒜香椒盐肉排Deep-FriedSpare RibswithMinced Garlic and Spicy Salt红烧狮子头StewedPork BallinBrown Sauce水煮牛肉PoachedSliced BeefinHot Chili Oil醋溜豆芽FriedBean SproutswithVinegar Sauce四川辣子鸡SautedDiced ChickenwithChili and Pepper上汤扒娃娃菜BraisedBaby CabbageinBroth口水鸭SteamedDuckwithChili Sauce鱼香茄子SautedEggplantwithSpicy Garlic Sauce麻婆豆腐Stir-FriedTofuinHot Sauce醋溜豆芽FriedBean SproutswithVinegar Sauce口水鸡SteamedChickenwithChili Sauce豆豉猪蹄StewedPig FeetwithBlack Bean Sauce盐焗鸡BakedChickeninSalt黑椒牛柳SautedBeef FiletwithBlack Pepper：III 以形状或口感开头的翻译原则介绍菜肴形状或口感以及主配料：形状/口感 + 主料。如：脆皮鸡Crispy Chicken, 爽口西芹Crispy Celery糖醋排骨Sweet and Sour Spare Ribs椒盐排Crispy Spare Ribs with Spicy Salt, 糖醋里脊Fried Sweet and Sour Tenderloin （Lean Meat）五香牛肉Spicy Roast Beef老醋泡花生Peanuts (Pickled)inAged Vinegar拌豆腐丝Shredded TofuwithSauce蒜茸海带丝Sliced KelpinGarlic Sauce拌茄泥Mashed EggplantwithGarlicIV 以人名或地名开头的菜肴翻译原则 宫保鸡丁Kung Pao Chicken毛家红烧肉Braised Pork，Maos Family Style北京烤鸭(Beijing) Roast Duck北京炸酱面 Noodles with Soy Bean Paste, Beijing Style麻婆豆腐 Mapo Tofu (Stir-Fried Tofu in Hot Sauce) / 广东点心 Cantonese Dim SumV 菜单英文译法中汉语拼音的使用原则1、具有中国特色的且也被外国人接受的传统食品，本着推广汉语及中国文化的原则，使用汉语拼音。如：饺子 Jiaozi2、 具有中国特色的且被外国人接受的，但使用的是地方语言拼写或音译拼写的菜名，仍保留其拼写方式。如：豆腐 Tofu / 宫保鸡丁 Kung Pao Chicken / 杂碎 Chop Suey / 馄饨 Wonton / 烧麦 Shaomai3、中文菜肴名称无法体现其做法及主配料的，使用汉语拼音，并在后标注英文注释。如：佛跳墙 Fotiaoqiang-Steamed Abalone with Sharks Fin and Fish Maw in Broth (Lured by its delicious aroma even the Buddha jumped over the wall to eat this dish.) / 锅贴 Guotie (Pan-Fried Meat Dumplings) / 窝头 Wotou（Steamed Black Rice or Corn Bun）/ 蒸饺 Steamed Jiaozi (Steamed Dumplings) / 油条 Youtiao (Deep-Fried Dough Sticks) / 汤圆 Tangyuan (Glutinous Rice Balls) /咕噜肉 Gulaorou (Sweet and Sour Pork with Fat) /粽子 Zongzi (Glutinous Rice Wrapped in Bamboo Leaves) / 元宵 Yuanxiao（Glutinous Rice Balls for Lantern Festival) / 驴打滚儿 Ldagunr（Glutinous Rice Rolls with Sweet Bean Flour）/ 艾窝窝 Aiwowo (Steamed Rice Cakes with Sweet Stuffing) / 豆汁儿 Douzhir (Fermented Bean Drink) VI 菜单中的可数名词单复数使用原则菜单中的可数名词基本使用复数，但在整道菜中只有一件或太细碎无法数清的用单数。如：蔬菜面 Noodles with Vegetables / 葱爆羊肉 Sauted Lamb Slices with ScallionVII 介词in和with在汤汁、配料中的用法1、 如主料是浸在汤汁或配料中时，使用in连接。如：豉汁牛仔骨 Steamed Beef Ribs in Black Bean Sauce2、 如汤汁或蘸料和主料是分开的，或是后浇在主菜上的，则用with连接。如：海鲜乌冬汤面 Japanese Soup Noodles with SeafoodVIII 其他砂锅鱼头豆腐 ：Stewed Fish Head with Tofu in Pottery Pot海鲜砂锅 ：Stewed Seafood in Pottery Pot鱼头砂锅 ：Stewed Fish Head in Pottery Pot蛋羹 ：Egg Custard香辣蟹 ：Sauted Crab in Hot Spicy Sauce肉蟹（姜葱炒，清蒸，椒盐） ：Hardshell Crab（Stir-Fried with Ginger and Scallion/ Steamed /Fried with Spicy Salt）番茄蛋花汤 ：Tomato and Egg Soup萝卜煲排骨汤 ：Pork Ribs and Turnip Soup萝卜丝鲫鱼 ：Crucian Carp Soup with Shredded Turnips紫菜蛋花汤 ：Seaweed and Egg Soup米饭 ：Steamed Rice八宝饭 ：Eight Delicacies Rice火腿炒饭 ：Fried Rice with Ham鸡蛋炒饭 ：Fried Rice with Egg牛肉盖饭 ：Rice with Beef台式卤肉饭 ：Rice with Stewed Pork, Taiwan Style咖喱牛肉饭 ：Rice with Curry Beef红烧牛腩汤面 ：Soup Noodles with Beef Brisket榨菜肉丝汤面 ：Noodle Soup with Preserved Vegetable and Shredded Pork拉面 ：Hand-Pulled Noodles牛肉拉面 ：Hand-Pulled Noodles with Beef排骨拉面 ：Hand-Pulled Noodles with Spare Ribs北京炸酱面 ：Noodles with Soy Bean Paste, Beijing Style担担面 ：Noodles, Sichuan Style 凉面 ：Cold Noodles with Sesame Sauce酸辣粉 ：Hot and Sour Rice Noodles炒河粉 ：Sauted Rice Noodles蒸肠粉 ：Steamed Rice Rolls鸡蛋韭菜水饺 ：Jiaozi Stuffed with Leek and Egg猪肉芹菜水饺 ：Jiaozi Stuffed with Pork and Celery猪肉白菜水饺 ：Jiaozi Stuffed with Pork and Chinese Cabbage鲅鱼水饺 ：Jiaozi Stuffed with Mackerel蒸饺 ：Steamed Jiaozi香煎韭菜饺 ：Pan-Fried Leek Jiaozi海鲜汤饺 ：Jiaozi Stuffed with Seafood in Soup高汤水饺 ：Jiaozi in Broth叉烧包 ：Steamed BBQ Pork Bun煎包 ：Pan-Fried Dumplings生煎包 ：Pan-Fried Bun Stuffed with Pork豆沙包 ：Steamed Bun Stuffed with Red Bean Paste奶黄包 ：Steamed Creamy Custard Bun甜烧饼 ：Sweet Sesame Cake咸烧饼 ：Spiced Sesame Cake炸南瓜饼 ：Deep-Fried Pumpkin Cake烧麦 ：Shaomai （Steamed Pork Dumplings）素春卷 ：Vegetarian Spring Rolls锅贴 ：Guotie （Pan-Fried Meat Dumplings）冻马蹄糕 ：Water Chestnut Jelly红豆糕 ：Red Bean Cake生煎馒头 ：Pan-Fried Steamed Bun炸馒头 ：Deep-Fried Steamed Bun鲜奶馒头 ：Steamed Bun with Milk烤馒头 ：Baked Bun白粥 ：Rice Congee南瓜粥 ：Pumpkin Porridge皮蛋瘦肉粥 ：Minced Pork Congee with Preserved Egg小米粥 ：Millet Congee北京鸡汤馄饨 ：Wonton in Chicken Soup, Beijing Style鲜虾小馄饨 ：Shrimp Wonton菜肉馄饨 ：Pork and Vegetable Wonton鸡汤云吞 ：Chicken Wonton Soup上汤云吞 ：Wonton Soup红油抄手 ：Meat Dumplings in Spicy Sauce四川龙抄手 ：Sichuan Style Wonton, Sichuan Style扁食汤 ：Du