英语高考第三轮复习——辨音与短文改错.doc

年 级高三学 科英语版 本人教版内容标题高考第三轮复习辨音与短文改错编稿老师【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：三轮复习：辨音与短文改错二. 本周知识精讲： 辨音解题点拨（一）音素（二）元音字母发音归纳1、a在重读音节中eiancient，bathe，danger，changeabsent，angry，companion，marrya:a在f n s前after paragraph aircraft plant demand command advancechance branch answer ask grasp glass fast bath fathera在w后want what watch wash quality quantity quarrel :waterparent various librarian scaryemany any anything anyone在非重读音节中contrary majority according breakfasticourage chocolate average manage comrade2、e在重读音节中i:complete compete convenient recent secret equal feverecheck umbrella prevent general celebrate precioushero material serious period zero experience 在非重读音节中cinema average camera difference frequent hundredipretty begin believe eleven forest pretend toilet entire3、iaiwild child remind climb describe biology organize scientistiforgive deliver engine examine figure distance bitter promise minute whisper possible terrible holiday beautifuli:police machine magazine technique/April pencil civil4、o在重读音节中ucomb alone lonely explode old scold soldier moment control poem dont noble photo program(特例) hello hero tomato piano radiohotel envelope Novemberalong fond belong drop donkey(特例)October populationmonkey Monday among front month money none wonderworry company stomach mother brother another在非重读音节中biology custom computer common introduce diamond occur特殊发音uwoman wolfu:improve remove prove movement movieiwomen/cotton button lesson reason season pardon person5、uju:refuse university argue institute pupil valuejufuel January popular regular particular valuable u: include rule June blue junior true revolution pollutepump muscle subject bucket uncle pronunciationuput push butcher cushion bush full sugar pullproduct succeed success suggest supply support/ league guess guest tongue technique（三）字母组合发音归纳1、-r音节元音字母组合的读音 元音字母组合读 音例 词ar重读音节:car farm dark sharpenerar在w音后面发:音warm quarter towards warn非重读音节particular collar forwardor重读音节:forty morning short normal fortnight在w音后面发:音word worker worse worth非重读音节actor effort tailor comforter重读音节:determine certain非重读音节anger concertir:birth circle firm shirt thirty thirstyur重读音节:church curtain occur disturb purpose非重读音节surprise surround2、元音字母组合读 音例 词ai/ay重读音节eiafraid rain wait play contain explainesaid says非重读音节ibargain captain fountain mountain /certain curtain Britain al重读音节: talk chalk:already almost always also wall call 在f、m前发a:音calm half palmpale sale非重读音节/ central hospital capitalau:autumn daughter cause August authora:aunt laughAustralia becauserestaurantaw:lawyer saw draw dawneai:teach easy cheap pleaseeheavy bread sweater weatherarea idea realize real really idealeibreak great /oceanoou:broom food tooth school balloon gooseubook look cook foot good wood woolblood floodow/ouauflower house count down drown showerknow row throw knowledge3、nnnnot shine ten note 在k g音前或ng组合中uncle thank tank bank hungry angry anxious language English 4、th在词尾path tooth earth cloth 特例：with smooth在词中；在词首method mathematics thin thirty through在词首：代词、副词、连词中the these this than though （although） then-the、-ther中clothes father weather bathe feather短文改错解题点拨（一）解题基本步骤浏览全文，掌握大意分句阅读，逐行找错检查核对，攻克难点规范答题，不留空白（二）短文改错的命题特点高考短文改错的短文通常只有120个词左右，分成10行，短文的难度也与考生的习作相当，10行中一般只有一行全部正确，其他9行都存在错误。各种错误所占比例为1：2：7。即：1行正确；2行缺词或多词；7行需要找出错误并改正。（三）短文改错知识点分布【高考真题】Dear Ms. Donforth, Im writing to ask you come to our class for a visit. Ive 1. heard that you have been to Greece. In our Greece unit, we 2. have been learning about its rich culture and long history. 3. Since you have visited Greece several times, so I would like to 4. know whether you have seen the old buildings here. We have 5. learned a lot from the textbook, but I believe you personal 6. . experience will be a lot better. Your knowledges of Greece can 7. help the whole class. Could you share your experiences for 8. us ? It will be surely exciting and rewarding. I hoped that you 9. think about my request and visit us as soon as possibly. 10. （四）短文改错口诀动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，代词格，细领悟；介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注，冠词连词常光顾。（五）解题技巧点拨1、动词形主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。【高考真题】But, to his surprise, when he gets home, he saw the animal waiting at the door, still wearing his jacket with the wallet in the pocket. In Grade Eight I took physics. In one test I get only 36 percent of the answers correct.Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish. You can sit at the desk and read the daily newspapers, magazines and the other books, but you are not permit to take them out.Today, I got a letter that said I had been admitting to a college. 2、名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。【高考真题】Personally, I found most lesson rather uninteresting. Your knowledges of Greece can help the whole classIn summer, the sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful. 3、还要注意形和副注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。【高考真题】I got to the finishing line first. I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself. We can hear birds singing happy all around. A helping hand is always stronger enough to lift you up. She was usual patient with her students and never made them disappointed. 4、非谓语，细辨别这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式的错误。【高考真题】I could not to run very fast and fell behind.Li Meng came see me every day. I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.5、代词格，细领悟（1）人称代词，物主代词的使用。（2）反身代词oneself 的使用。（3）人称代词的主格和宾格。（4）不定代词的使用。（5）both, all, either, neither, none的使用。（6）whose 和whos，its和 its的区别。【高考真题】I was only about six when he held his hand out to me. I took it in me and we walked.While the others are jumping about in the air, I can run under my legs and get the ball.Just at that time I woke up and found me still in bed!6、介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住【高考真题】So I didnt lose my heart and kept running. I was so encouraged that I ran faster and faster till I caught up all the other runners. Because the help you gave me that summer, my life changed. It is so a beautiful place! 7、句子成分多分析不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。【高考真题】I was lucky enough to have a teacher which didnt take my bad grades as a judgment of my abilities, butHowever，there are still some countries there people have shorter lives.8、逻辑错误须关注与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。【高考真题】That night, we sat down to what they thought would be a pleasant, uninterrupted meals.Some students may also save up for our college or future use. 9、冠词连词常光顾常考的错误形式有：连词but， and， or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。【高考真题】I meant to write long letter and tell you all the things Im doing at the schoolToday I was having a PE lesson while I fell down and hurt my foot. He thought the poor animal was injured, but the kind farmer took off his jacket and put on the animal. Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill.（六）短文改错应该注意的问题四不改：标点符号不改。大小写不改。词序错误不改。纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词，在句中不可能用错。 三高考聚焦：（一）辨音1. grade A. temperature B. classmate C. necklace D. fortunate 2. south A. courage B. soup C. southern D. trousers 3. smooth A. feather B. tooth C. thief D. warmth 4. surprise A. performance B. further C. work D. nurse 5. music A. production B. persuade C. sugar D. stupid6. front A. hospital B. comfort C. fond D. introduce7. throughA. rough B. pillow C. roof D. pause8. prove A. stone B. route C. stove D. book9. anxious A. branch B. conclusion C. dangerous D. tongue10. breathe A. health B. deaf C. increase D. pleasure11. silver A. silent B. pretty C. tiny D. reject12. existA. experience B. examine C. excite D. explode13. matchA. separate B. marry C. machine D. many14. riseA. purse B. else C. praise D. mouse15. batheA. faith B. cloth C. maths D. smooth16. BritainA. certain B. train C. against D. contain（二）改错Hi Susan,Im sorry that I wasnt able to return to your 1. _bike on time yesterday. I mean to give it 2. _ks5u kback to you before four in the afternoon，and I 3. _was hold up on my way back. Just before I 4. _s5u kturned corner of park street. I happened to 5. _see an accident. A little girl was hurt and her 6. _mother needed help. So I helped them going to 7. _the nearest hospital. I stayed here for one and 8. _a half hour and made sure that the girl was all 9. _right. When I got back, it were already 6 pm. I 10. _hope you understand. Thank you! KsLi Ling（一）答案：BDAAD BCBDC BBBCD A（二）答案：1. 去掉第二个to; 2. mean改为meant; 3. and改为but; 4. hold改为held; 5. turned the corner; 6. 正确；7. going改为go; 8. here改为there; 9. hour改为hours; 10. were改为was【模拟试题】（答题时间：55分钟）一、 辨音A组1. heavy A. merry B. ocean C. break D. metre 2. double A. found B. cough C. country D. thought 3. sugar A. pupil B. wolf C. loose D. gold 4. watched A. filled B. recognized C. whispered D. practised 5. breath A. mother B. though C. clothing D. healthy 6. wild A. universe B. children C. satellite D. technicalB组1. news A. research B. newspaper C. Christmas D. Thursday 2. depend A. envelop B. elect C. recent D. develop 3. solid A. Europe B. robot C. salt D. wander 4. straight A. certainly B. neighbor C. believe D. flight 5. character A. chain B. church C. stomach D. machine 6. parent A. glare B. measure C. failure D. capital C组1. footA. moon B. food C. school D. cook2. coughA. daughter B. enough C. fight D. neighbour3. FridayA. recycle B. arithmeticC. physics D. stick4. aheadA. cheap B. break C. season D. breath5. worthA. world B. horse C. corner D. forceD组1. dangerous A. CanadianB. January C. balance D. advanced 2. frequently A. presidentB. fresh C. fever D. electric 3. research A. surfaceB. tear C. surround D. disappear 4. cousin A. thirsty B. resist C. anxiousD. universe 5. exactA. expert B. exhibition C. exercise D. exist 二、完形As darkness fell, hundreds of people in the Swiss village left their houses. They were staring _1 at the mountain top in the distance. It was covered with _2_ beautiful and dangerous.The huge mountain is called Matterhorn. Mountain climbers had _3_ the top, using the southern route. But no one had ever dared to try a winter climbing up the _4_ side. But now one man was daring to try the _5_ route. He was Walter Bonatti, a great mountain climber from Italy.For two days he had climbed. The village people had watched him _6_. Now they were waiting to see his _7_. If he planned to _8_ the next day, he would light a green signal. A red light would mean that he was _9_.A tiny green light_10_ high on the mountain side. Bonatti was not giving up! The people _11_. The next day he continued his way upward. He was so lonely and so _12 _! But he would not give up. Again that night he lit the _13_ light.In the morning, Bonatti _14_. He could not see the top but he knew he was _15_ there. Though the climb was painful, he moved up. Bonatti had spent months _16_ for the climb. Was the training enough? Did he have the strength and _17_ to climb to the top?He was finally at the top! News about his _18_ was radioed to the world.The trip _19_ the southern route was easy. He was warmly welcomed in the village. He had done the“_ 20_” and would be well remembered as a climber of all time.1. A. back B. forward C. down D. up2. A. flowers B. ice and snow C. green trees D. rocks3. A. watched B. passed C. reached D. climbed4. A. western B. eastern C. southern D. northern5. A. difficult B. different C. same D. easy 6. A. patiently B. carefully C. anxiously D. eagerly7. A. face B. figure C. flag D. signal8. A. return B. go on C. rest D. stop9. A. turning back B. moving up C. arriving D in danger10. A. rose B. appeared C. turned on D. turned off11. A. cheered B. laughed C. jumped D. shouted12. A. sleepy B. excited C. tired D. happy13. A. yellow B. blue C. green D. red14. A. woke up B. turned up C. got up D. looked up15. A. already B. almost C. no longer D. surely16. A. training B. preparing C. planning D. asking17. A. courage B. skill C. money D. wish18. A. victory B. thing C. climb D. courage19. A. along B. up C. down D. to20. A. necessary B. important C. great D. impossible三、阅读AChildren start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; theres no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your childrens curiosity（好奇）. Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary（薪水）and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that were finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?”After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper（蚱蜢）eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?”This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours. Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical（符合逻辑的）, complete and creative answers.Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, dont jump in with “Thats right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior（行为）. But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying, “Thats interesting” or “Id never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas.Never push a child to “Think”. It doesnt make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to. Whats more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target（目标）for your disagreement.Lastly, show; dont tell. Reallife impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass（放大镜）, and theyll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates（蒸发）, set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.1. According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is _.A. to let them see the world aroundB. to share the childrens curiosityC. to explain difficult phrases about scienceD. to supply the children with lab equipment2. In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “lists” could best be replaced by _.A. any questions B. any problemsC. questions from textbooks D. any number of questions3. According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults _.A. ask them to answer quicklyB. wait for one or two seconds after a questionC. tell them to answer the next dayD. wait at least for three seconds after a question4. The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their childrens curiosity