吉林学位英语典型陷阱题分析.doc

学位英语典型陷阱题分析定语从句2009-09-20 10:08:19|分类： 英语语法 |标签： |字号大中小订阅 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains. A. which wasB. it wasC. which wereD. them were【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops.A. which isB. it isC. which are D. them are(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city police station.A. which areB. it isC. which is D. them are(3) Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.A. which areB. it isC. which is D. them are2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”A. that B. whichC. whereD. what【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？3. David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whom【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such that 句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such that (如此以至)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such that ，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him：David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whom请再做以下试题（答案选D）：It was not such a good dinner _ she had promised us.A. likeB. thatC. which D. as4. The buses, most of _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A. thatB. itC. themD. which【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses。【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D：(1) His house, for _ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A. thatB. itC. themD. which(2) Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest any longer.A. thatB. itC. themD. which(3) This I did at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper.A. thatB. itC. themD. which类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them：(4) George, with _ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A. thatB. himC. themD. whom(5) Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A. thatB. whoC. themD. whom(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still university students. A. thatB. whoC. themD. whom5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding.A. whomB. themC. which D. who【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A。比较：(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ were carried out in their work.A. whichB. themC. whatD. that答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是A。与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选B。whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated。(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _ parents were seated together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选A。因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sitting together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选A。their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sat together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选B。whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 sat。(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents were sitting together joking.A. theirB. whoseC. whichD. that选B。whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting。7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is.A. asB. whichC. whatD. that【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which：(1) If you promise to go with us, _ will be OK.A. asB. whichC. and itD. that(2) If you want a double room, _ will cost another 15. A. asB. whichC. whatD. that(3) Whether you go or not, _ is quite all right with me. A. thatB. whichC. and itD. so(4) When I say two hours, _ includes time for eating. A. asB. whichC. whatD. that学位英语典型陷阱题分析虚拟语气2009-09-20 10:03:28|分类： 英语语法 |标签： |字号大中小订阅 1. I forget where I read the article, or I _ it to you now. A. will showB. would showC. am going to showD. am showing 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】正确答案选B。根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即 or=if I didnt forget where I read the article（要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话但事实上忘了）。2. “It looks as if he were drunk.” “So it does. _.” A. Hed better give up drinking B. He shouldnt have drunk so much C. Health is more important than drink D. I wonder why he is always doing so【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是受句中 drunk 一词的影响。【分析】最佳答案为D。关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虚拟语气，句子既然用了虚拟语气，也就是说，“他喝醉了”不是事实，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此题的最佳答案是D。3. “Mary looks hot and dry” “So _ you if you had so high a fever.” A. do B. are C. will D. would【陷阱】容易误选A或C。选A者，认为前后两句的动词性质应一致；选C者，认为其后带有if 条件状语从句，从语气上看，主句应用将来时态。【分析】此题最佳答案为D。分析如下：(1) “so + 助动词 + 主语”是一个很有用的结构，它表示“也一样”时。如：He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 他喜欢看电视，我也一样。When animals and plants disappear, so will man. 当动植物消失的时候，人类也会随之消失。(2) 由于空格后的 if 条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语气（这是很重要的信息），所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案应选D。4. “He will come tomorrow.” “But Id rather he _ the day after tomorrow.”A. will come B. is coming C. came D. had come【陷阱】容易误选A或B。根据上文的 He will come tomorrow 以及下文的时间状语 the day after tomorrow 似乎都表明空白处应填一个一般将来时态。【分析】但此题的最佳答案是 C。按照英语习惯，would rather 后接that 从句时，从句谓语通常要用虚拟语气，即用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示过去。又如：Id rather you left right now. 我宁愿你现在就离开。I would much rather it was forgotten. 我更愿这事被遗忘掉。Id rather he hadnt told me about it. 我宁愿他没告诉我这事。请再做以下试题(答案均为B)：(1) “Shall I come tomorrow ?” “Id rather you _.”A. wontB. didntC. dontD. wouldnt (2) “Ive told him about it.” “But Id rather you _.”A. didntB. hadntC. dontD. wouldnt (3) “He will take you as well.” “But Id rather he _.”A. wontB. didntC. doesntD. wouldnt 5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _ badly wounded and that he _ at once. A. should be; be operated on B. were; must be operated on C. was; should be operated D. was; be operated on【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案选 D。insist后的从句谓语有时用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，有时不用，具体要看该谓语动词所表示的含义。一般说来，若该谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若该谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。分析上题的句意，可知只有选D最合适。请做以下类似试题（答案选B）：(1) The patient insisted that he _ ill and _ to the hospital.A. wasnt, wasnt sent B. wasnt, shouldnt be sentC. shouldnt be, wasnt sent D. shouldnt be, shouldnt be sent(2) The man in prison insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ set free.A. should do, should be B. had done, should beC. had done, had been D. should do, had been(3) I advised that he _ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he _ quite well then.A. was sent; feltB. be sent; was feelingC. he sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel6. _ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given upC. Did he give D. If he gave up【陷阱】容易误选 D。 【分析】正确答案应选B。之所以不能选D，是因为时态前后有矛盾。由于主句谓语是would not have got，这表明是对过去事实作出的假设，所以从句谓语应该是 had given up，而不是像D项那样用一般过去时。另外，当虚拟条件句中有 had, should, were 等词时，通常可以省略 if，并将 had, should, were 提前置于句首。又如：Were they to cease advertising, prices would come down.= If they were to cease advertising, prices would come down. 如果他们停止做广告，价钱会降下来。Had I been there, I would have filmed the occasion.= If I had been there, I would have filmed the occasion. 如果我在那里，我会把那场面拍摄下来了。学位英语典型陷阱题分析情态动词2009-09-20 10:06:00|分类： 英语语法 |标签： |字号大中小订阅 1. “Mike is often absent from class.” “Tell him he _ answer for it if he goes on behaving like that.” A. shall B. will C. would D. can【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案选A。shall 用作情态动词主要有以下两个用法：(1) 用于疑问句中征求意见。如：Shall I help you? 要不要我帮帮你?Shall I open the window? 要我把窗子打开吗？(2) 用于陈述句中表示允诺、告诫、警告、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等(可用于各类人称)。如：You shall suffer for this. 你会为此事吃苦头的。(表威胁)Each competitor shall wear a number. 每个参赛者要戴一个号码。(表规定)You shall hear everything as soon as you come. 你一来就可听到所有情况了。(表允诺)请做以下试题(答案均选 shall)：(1) “I promise that she _ get a nice present on her birthday.” “Will it be a great surprise to her?”A. shouldB. mustC. wouldD. shall2. You _ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.A. cannotB. shouldntC. mustntD. neednt【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案选A。cannottoo是英语中一个十分有用的表达，意为“不可能太，无论怎样也不算过分，越越”。如：You cant be too careful. 你越仔细越好。You cant praise the too much. 这本书值得大加赞扬。We cannot work too much for the people. 我们为人民做工作是不可能做过头的。A woman cannot have too many clothes. 女人买的衣服再多也不算多。注：有时也可用 can never, impossible 等与too连用来表示类似意思。如：It is impossible to get there too soon. 去那儿越早越好。3. “Is John coming by train?” “He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car.”A. mustB. canC. needD. may【陷阱】可能误选B或C。【分析】最佳答案为D。may 表推测，may not 意为“可能不(会坐火车来)”。句中的 He should 为 He should come by train 之省略，由于其后出现转折连词 but，说明语意有变化，再结合下文的 He likes driving his car，便可决定此题选D。注意，不能选B，因为can表示推测时通常不用肯定陈述句。4. “I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.” “It _ true because there was little snow there.”A. may not beB. wont beC. couldnt beD. mustnt be【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】此题最佳答案为C，主要由下文的 because there was little snow there 这一语境所决定，既然“没下什么雪”，那么“滑雪”就应是“不可能”，所以选 couldnt be，即选C。5. “Do you think he is lazy?” “I _ so once, but I dont now.”A. may have thoughtB. can have thoughtC. may thinkD. might think答案选A。从答话人的语境可知，空格处的意思“曾经这样想过”，即对过去情况作推测，故应用“情态动词+动词完成式”；又因为 can 表推测不用于肯定句，故选A。请看类例：Their answers are exactly the same one of them _ from the other.A. must copyB. must have copiedC. should copyD. should have copied答案选B，既然两人的答案完全一样，说明“抄袭”已经发生，故用“情态动词+动词完成式”，根据句意，应选B而不能选D。6. You _ be right, but I dont think you are.A. can B. could C. must D. should【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】从语境上看，C、D不宜选，在剩下的A和B中，许多同学想当然地选了A，认为整个句子为现在时态，所以选can，而不选过去式 could，但是最佳答案却是B而不是A。按照英语语法，情态动词can 用于推测表示可能性时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句中，而不用于肯定句中；但 could 用于表推测时，却不仅可用于否定句和疑问句，也可用于肯定句，且此时的 could 并不是 can 的过去式，与 can 也没有时间上的差别，只是 could 比 can语气更委婉，所以答案选B。注：can 在以下特殊情况下，也可用于肯定句。一是表示抽象的可能性，即从理论上或逻辑上分析是可能的，但是实际上未必会发生。如：Anyone can make mistakes. 任何人都可能会犯错误。二是后接“be (get, seem, become)形容词”，表示“有时会”、“时常会”等。如：My father can be very unreasonable. 我父亲有时候很不讲道理学位英语典型陷阱题分析时态语态2009-09-20 10:11:15|分类： 英语语法 |标签： |字号大中小订阅 1. “I _ his telephone number.” “I have his number, but I _ to bring my phone book.”A. forget, forgetB. forgot, forgotC. forget, forgotD. forgot, forget【陷阱】容易误选A，认为“忘记”是现在的事。【分析】仔细体会一下对话的语境：第一个人说“我忘记他的电话号码了”，这个“忘记”应该是现在的情况，即现在忘记了，要不然就没有必要同对方说此话了，故第一空应填 forget；第二个人说“我有他的号码，但我忘记带电话本了”，这个“忘记”应该是过去的情况，即过去忘记带电话本，所以现在电话本不在身上(注意句中的转折连词 but)，故第二空应填 forgot，即答案选应C。请再看一例： Oh, I _ where he lives. Dont you carry your address book?No, I _ to bring it.A. forget, forgetB. forgot, forgotC. forget, forgotD. forgot, forget答案选C，理由同上。2. Dear me! Just _ at the time! I _ no idea it was so late.A. look, haveB. looking, hadC. look, hadD. looking, have 【陷阱】此题容易误选D，认为第一空用现在分词表伴随，第二空填 have 的一般现在时，以保持与前面时态的一致性。【分析】其实，此题应选C，第一空应填 look, 因为这是祈使句的谓语；第二空应填 had，因为前一句说“看看时间吧”，这一看当然知道了现在很迟的情形，“不知道这么迟了”显然应是“过去”的事，故应用一般过去时态，许多同学由于忽略这一隐含的语境而误选。3. Mr Smith _ a book about China last year but I dont know whether he has finished it.A. has writtenB. wroteC. had writtenD. was writing【陷阱】容易误选B或C。【分析】此题应选D，这是由 but I dont know whether he has finished it 这一句话的语境决定的，全句意为“史密斯先生去年在写一本书，但我不知道他现在是否写完了”。有的同学可能由于受 last year的影响而误选B。但若选B，则句子前半部分的意思则变为“史密斯先生去年写了一本书”，既然是“写了”，那么这与下文的“但我不知道他现在是否写完了”相矛盾。4. He has changed a lot. He _ not what he _. A. is, isB. was, wasC. is, wasD. was, is【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案选C，上文说“他”变化很大，即“他”现在不是过去的那个样子了，故第一空填is，第二空填 was（其实第二空也可用 used to be）。请看类例：“What place is it?” “Havent you found out we _ back where we _?”A. were, had beenB. have been, are C. are, wereD. are, had been答案选C，We are back where we were 的意思是“我们（现在）又回到刚才来过的地方”。5. The bridge, which _ 1688, needs repairing.A. is dated fromB. was dated fromC. dates fromD. dated from【陷阱】此题容易误选B或D，认为句中用了 1688 这个过去时间，所以应选过去时态，又因为 date from 不用于被动语态，所以只能选D。【分析】其实此题的最佳答案应是C，因为 date from 的意思是“自某时起存在至今”(have existed since)，它通常用于一般现在时，而不用过去时态(尽管其后接的总是表示过去的时间)。如：The church dates from 1176. 这座教堂是六世纪建的。The castle dates from the 14th century. 这座城堡是14世纪建的。但若所谈论的东西现在已不复存在，则可用一般过去时。如：The church, which dated from the 13th century, was destroyed in an earthquake two years ago. 那座教堂是13世纪建成的，两年前在一次地震中被毁了。注：与 date from 同义的 date back to 也有类似用法。6. “Youve left the light on.” “Oh, so I have. _ and turn it off.”A. Ill goB. Ive goneC. I goD. Im going【陷阱】容易误选D。【分析】A和D两者均可表示将来，填入空格处似乎都可以。但实际上只有A是最佳的，因为根据上下文的语境来看，“我去把灯关掉”这一行为是说话人听了对方的话后临时想到的，而不是事先准备的。而按英语习惯：will 和 be going to后接动词原形均可表示意图，但意图有强弱之分，如果是事先考虑过的意图，要用 be going to；如果不是事先考虑过的，而是说话时刻才临时想到的意图，则用 will。比较：“Ive come out without any money.” “Never mind, I will lend you some.” “我出来没带钱。” “没关系，我借给你。”(句中用will lend，表示“借”钱给对方是临时想到的，即听了对方的话后临时作出的反应)Ive bought a typewriter and Im going to learn to type. 我买了台打字机，我想学打字。(句中用 be going to learn to type，表示说话人要学打字是事先准备的，并为此买了台打字机)。典型高考英语陷阱题详解-被动语态1. “Do you like the material?” “Yes, it _ very soft.”A. is feelingB. felt C. feelsD. is felt【陷阱】此题容易误选D，想当然地根据“这布料摸起来很柔软”这一句意，认为“布料”应是“被摸”，所以 feel 选用被动语态。【分析】其实，此题正确答案为C，因为 feel 在此为连系动词，而连系动词均为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，尽管有时其汉语意思有被动意味。请看以下类似例子 (答案均为D)：(1) Her forehead _ hot. Im afraid she is ill.A. is feelingB. feltC. is feltD. feels(2) The new school has been completed. It _ very beautiful.A. is lookedB. lookedC. has lookedD. looks(3) The dish _ nice, but the milk _ sour.A. is smelt, is smeltB. is smelt, smellsC. smells, is smeltD. smells, smells(4) The story of his life _ interesting.A. is soundedB. is soundingC. has soundedD. sounds2. He was angry _ your work. He said that he _ at all.A. at, didnt satisfyB. to, didnt satisfyC. at, wasnt satisfiedD. to, wasnt satisfied【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能被误选。【分析】最佳答案为C。 be angry at (about) sth 意为“对某事生气”，许多同学常按汉语意思将其中的介词 at (about) 换成 to，这是错误的。另外，许多同学将汉语的“不满意”直译为 not satisfy，这是不对的，因为，satisfy在现代英语中只用作及物动词，其意不是“满意”而是“使(人)满意”，所以其后不能没有宾语，除非本身是被动语态(或是系表结构)。学位英语典型陷阱题分析状语从句2009-09-20 10:13:13|分类： 英语语法 |标签： |字号大中小订阅 1. “May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?” “No, you cant go out _ your work is being done.” A. before B. until C. as D. the moment【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为这是考查 notuntil结构。【分析】最佳答案选 C。句中的 your work is being done 表明“你正在做作业”，选 as 表原因。2. “Im going to the post office.” “_ youre there, can you get me some stamps?” A. As B. While C. Because D. If【陷阱】容易误选A。【分析】最佳答案选 B。尽管 as 和 while 均可用作从属连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当的时候”，但两者有一个重要区别，就是这样用的 as 从句的谓语不能是状态动词。当然，如果 as 不是表示“当的时候”，其谓语是完全可以用状态动词的。如：I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我很累了，所以很早就上床睡了。(此句中的 as 表示原因，意为“因为”、“由于”)请做以下两题，答案均选 while，不选as：(1) _ you are at home alone, please dont leave the door open. A. WhileB. AsC. BeforeD. How(2) _ you are alone with her, tell her that you like her. A. WhileB. AsC. AfterD. How3. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre. A. that B. whenC. which D. where【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案选 D。where 在此引导地点状语从句，其意为“(在)的地方”。请做以下类似试题(答案均选 where)：(1) The famous scientist grew up _ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.A. whenB. wheneverC. whereD. wherever(2) She found her calculator _ she lost it. A. whereB. while C. in