精品孕妇有妇科病怎么办月经不规则出血课件 (2)

Copyright 1996 DaleCarnegie Associates Inc HOWTOBUYAUSEDCARMINI LESSON INDIANADEPARTMENTOFFINANCIALINSTITUTIONSCONSUMEREDUCATION INTRODUCTION Thismini lessonincludeslearningobjectives backgroundinformation discussionquestions anactivity andsourcesofadditionalinformation Learnerswill Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofusedvehicles Describeplaceswhereusedvehiclescanbepurchased Listthestepsinthepricenegotiationprocess USEDCARS Verynearlytwooutofeverythreecarssoldareusedcars Manyconsumers especiallyteenagers cannotaffordtobuyanewcarwhentheaveragepriceisapproximately 18 000 Thecostofinsuranceismuchhigherforanewcar increasingthedemandforusedcars Thesupplyofusedcarshasincreasedduetothenumberoftwoandthree year oldleasecarsavailable AdvantagesofUsedCars Therearerealadvantagestobuyingausedcar Thebuyerofausedcaravoidssomeofthedepreciationcosts whichcanbeupto40 ofitsvalueinthefirsttwoyears Sometimes buyerscanaffordmoreoptionsandluxuryitemswhentheypurchaseausedcar Manyconsumersfeelthattheycanarrangeabetterdealwithlesshassleiftheybuydirectlyfromtheownerofthecar DisadvantagesofUsedCars Buyingausedcarcanhavedisadvantagesaswell Oneimportantdisadvantageisthatoftenthemostmaintenance freetimeofthecarslifeisduringthefirsttwoyears Someusedcarshaveserioushiddendefectswithlimitedornowarrantycoverage Itissometimesdifficulttodeterminewhetherthecarwasmaintainedproperlybyitspreviousowner Theusedcarmaynothaveallthedesirablesafetyortechnicalfeaturesofanewcar andtheselectionofmodels equipment andcolorsmaybelimited WhereToBuyAUsedCar Buyingausedcarisanimportantfinancialdecision Generally thepriceofausedcarisdeterminedbywhoissellingit So itissmarttogatherinformationbeforeyoubuy suchasknowingwhatyoucanafford thencarefullyexploringfinancialarrangementsasyounegotiatethebestdeal Dealerships Dealershipsaccountforapproximately50 oftheusedcarssoldannually Dealersusuallyhaveagoodsupplyoflatemodelusedcars sotheyofferaselectionintopcondition Thesevehiclesoftencarrythebalanceofthemanufacturerswarrantyandsomedealersoffertheirownwarranties Inaddition dealershaveservicecapacities providefinancingservices andtakecareofvehicleregistrationandlicenseforms UsedCarRule TheFederalTradeCommission sUsedCarRulerequiresdealerstodisplayprominentlyandconspicuouslyawarrantynoticecalledaBuyer sGuidestickeronallusedcars butnottrucks TheBuyer sGuidemuststatewhetherthevehiclehasawarrantyorisbeingsold asis Superstores UsedCarSuperstoresarearecentdevelopment Theyusuallyhavealargestockofcarsandbuyershaveaccesstocomputer assistedselection Twoandthree year oldmodelspredominateandcarpricesarefixedandnotnegotiable Tobegintheselectionprocess youuseacomputerterminaltobringupvehiclesbymake model andprice Thecomputerwillprintapictureofanycarandlistitsequipment price andlotlocation Thevehiclescarrysellerwarrantieswhichvaryinqualityfromgeneroustoaverage SuperstoreDisadvantages DrawbacksofSuperstoresarethatthesalespeoplemayberelativelyuninformed theycannotprovideinformationaboutpreviouscarowners andthepricesareusuallynotnegotiableandaregenerallyhigher IndependentLots IndependentLotsofferavarietyofcars fromexcellentandexpensivetowell wornclunkers Usually carlotshavenoservicefacilities buttheymayworkwithalocalgarage Iftheyofferwarranties thelocalmechanicwillperformwarrantyrepairs Independentlotsoftenofferfinancingandtherecanbestrongpressuretofinancethecarthroughthem Theirfinanceratesareusuallyhigherthanatbanksorcreditunions RentalAgencies RentalAgenciesofferrentalcarsforsaletothepublicafterayearortwoofuse Theselatemodelcarsoftencarrythebalanceofthemanufacturerswarrantyandservicerecordsaregenerallyavailable Tobuyfromarentalagency buyershavetoarrangetheirownfinancingandnotrade insareaccepted Reputation Inordertolearnthereputationofausedcarlotordealership buyerscanphonelocalconsumerprotectionofficesortheBetterBusinessBureautoinquireaboutcomplaintsagainstthebusiness PrivateSales PrivateSalesareoftengoodbuys butbecautiouswhenbuyingfromanindividual Whenpossible buyersshoulddealwithasellertheyknowandtrust Sellersareoftenpeoplewhohavenotbeenabletogetthepricetheywantfortheircarasatrade in Thereislittlepressuretobuyandrepairrecordsmaybeavailable However theseusedvehiclesaresold asis withnowarranty Latemodelcarsmaystillhaveamanufacturerswarrantythatyoucanpurchaseforatransferfee Thesalemayberiskybecausestolencarswithphonytitlescanbesoldandsocancarsabouttoberepossessed Also therecanbeconcealeddamageormajorrepairproblems BEFOREYOUNEGTIATE Visitthedealership superstore carlot orothersource Whenbuyingfromaprivateindividual adaptthefollowingstepstothattypeofsale Takeanotepadandcalculator Bepreparedtospendtime Meetthesalespersonorsellerandwritedownhisorhername Lookforthemodelsyouaremostinterestedin Ifaskedhowmuchyouwouldliketospend say itdependsonthecar Donotbeafraidtosaythatyouarelookingforcarsatotherplaces InformationtoGet Findoneortwomodelsandinspectthem Onyournotepad identifythecar theyear theprice options trimline mileage andvehicleidentificationnumber VIN Requestthenameandphonenumberofthepreviousownerfromthetitle Asktoseethetitle thenmatchtheVINwiththatonthecarandnotethenameandphonenumberofthepreviousowner TestDrive Testdriveoneortwovehicles Ifyouareinterestedinaparticularcar askthesalespersonifyoucantakethecartoyourmechanicforanevaluation Also examinethecarswarranty Checktheperformance safetyandservicerecordsforthecar WebSitestoCheck OntheInternet youcanobtainpriceinformationfromEdmund sNewandUsedCarPricesandReviews atandfromtheKelleyBlueBook AlsotheNADAOfficialUsedCarGuide http www discount books de nada blue book givesinformationaboutthepricesofusedcars MoreFacts Theseresourcesareavailableatyourlocalpubliclibrary YoucancheckifausedcarhashadasafetyrecallbycallingtheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration sAutoSafetyHotlineat 800 424 9393orontheInternetathttp www dot gov affairs nhtsain htm BeforeYouBuy Athome phonethepreviousowner Askforthemileagereadingatthetimeoftrade in Itshouldbeconsistentwiththepresentreading Contactyourfinancingsources requestpriceinformationaboutspecificcarsandconfirmloanavailability Also getanestimateofyourinsurancecostsfromatleasttwoinsurancesellers ReviewInformation Reviewyourinformationandestimatethewholesaleandretailpriceforthecaryouwishtopurchase basedonthefollowinginformation priceinformationfromacurrentused carpriceguideorfromfinancingsourcesthecarscondition checkedbyyoupricesofsimilarvehicles fromadvertisementsreasonablesellermarkuptocoveroverheadandprofit HaveMechanicCheckCar Returntothesellerandmakearrangementstotakethecartoyourmechanic Youmaybeaskedtoleaveyourcaratthelotassecurity Onceyoureceivethemechanic sdollarestimateofneededrepairs eithersubtractthatamountfromyourmaximumofferoruseitasanegotiatingtool THENEGOTIATINGPROCESS Negotiationistheprocessofdiscussingthepriceandtermsofausedcar eventuallyarrivingatanagreementbetweenthebuyerandseller Anywell informedbuyercannegotiateafairdealusingthefollowingsteps Makeanoffer Itshouldbe15 to20 belowthemaximumamountyouwouldpayforroomtobargain Youmaybeaskedaboutatrade inorbeurgedtosignupfordealerfinancing Tobothquestions sayyouareundecided Yourgoalatthispointistogetagreementonthecarprice Yourfirstofferwilllikelyberejected Yoursecondoffershouldnotsplitthedifferencebetweenyourfirstofferandtheseller scounteroffer Itshouldsplitthedifferencebetweenyourfirstofferandthemaximumamountyouwillspend Youcanusethecostestimatesofrepairssuppliedbyyourmechanictohelpnegotiations MoreFacts IfYouCan tNegotiate MakinganofferatusedcarSuperstorewithno hagglepricesrequiresdifferentstrategy Ifyoucannotnegotiateonprice considerotheraspectsofthesale suchasmoreattractivefinancing ahighertrade inprice alongeroramoreinclusivewarranty PriceStandoff Ifyoureachapricestandoff takeanotherlookatthecar UsingtheBuyersInspectionChecklist youmaynoticeproblemsyouoverlookedpreviously Atthispoint donotagreetoadepositsinceyouhavenocontract onlyyouroffer Adepositmaygivethesellertheleisuretonegotiateahigherprice Somebuyersmakeseveraloffersandcounter offers negotiatingforbetterwarrantycoverageoradditionalequipment Theymaygiveup 50to l00 buttheyexpectsomethinginreturn Besuretowritedownanypromisesmadebythesalesperson LastOffer Yourlastoffershouldbeclosetothemaximumamountyouwouldpayforthecar Bereadytojustifyyourofferasreasonableandfairbyshowinghowyouarrivedatit Makeitclearthatthisofferisfinal Ifthedealershiprejectsit bepreparedtowalkaway Thesalespersonmaycatchyouintheparkinglotorphoneyouthenextday Low balled Ifthesalespersonacceptsanearlyofferbutthensaysthatthesalesmanagerwillnotapprovethedeal itislikelythatyouarebeinglow balled Thatis alowofferisinitiallyacceptedbythesalespersonwhoknowsitwillberejectedsothatahigherpricecanbereachedinfurthernegotiations Ifthathappens leave becauselow ballingisaformofdishonesty YourDeal Iftheselleracceptsyouroffer youhaveadeal ThesalespersonwillthenprepareaBuyer sOrderorPurchaseAgreementtobesignedbyyou Insistonareadabledocument notafirstdraft Apreprintedformorcomputer generatedformmayautomaticallychargeyouforthingsyouhavealreadyrefused soexaminethecontractbeforeyousign BeforeYouSign Checkthepurchaseagreementforarithmeticerrors mistakenprices extracharges omissions andblankspaces Besurethattheinformationonthepurchaseagreementisconsistentwiththeinformationinyournotes Getallverbalpromisesinwriting Thereisnothree daycoolingoffperiodforautocontractssodonotsignanyautomobilecontractwithoutunderstandingit Yoursignatureislegallybinding SUMMARYOFTIPS Checkoutthecar srepairrecord maintenancecosts andsafetyandmileageratingsinconsumermagazinesoronline Lookupthe bluebook valueandbepreparedtonegotiatetheprice Buyingfromadealer LookfortheBuyersGuide It srequiredbyafederalregulationcalledtheUsedCarRule MakesurealloralpromisesarewrittenintotheBuyersGuide Youhavetherighttoseeacopyofthedealer swarrantybeforeyoubuy SummaryofTips Warrantiesareincludedinthepriceoftheproduct servicecontractscostextraandaresoldseparately Askforthecar smaintenancerecordfromtheowner dealer orrepairshop Testdrivethecaronhills highways andinstop and gotraffic Havethecarinspectedbyamechanicyouhire Checkoutthedealerwithlocalconsumerprotectionofficials Ifyoubuyacar asis you llhave