初中英语重点词汇词形转换.doc

初中英语重点词汇词形转换一、数词的变换 基数词 序数词 表次数1. one first once 2. two second twice3. three third 4. five fifth5. eight eighth6. nine ninth 7. twelve twelfth 8. twenty twentieth 二、名词的变化1.以f或fe结尾的,把f或fe变为v, 再加-es，如knife-knives thief-thieves wolf - wolves wife-wives leaf-leaves life-lives 2. 不规则名词复数man-men woman-women child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice goose-geese 3 .单复数同形：Chinese, Japanese,deer-deer ,sheep-sheep 三、形容词比较级和最高级1. 不规则原级 比较级 最高级good/well better bestbad/badly/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthest 2. 多音节规则原级 比较级 最高级 1. beautiful more beautiful most beautiful 2. boring more boring most boring 3. careful more careful most careful 4. careless more careless most careless 5. crowded more crowded most fortable morecomfortable most comfortable7. difficult more difficult most difficult 8. dangerous more dangerous most dangerous 9 .expensive more expensive most expensive 10. exciting more exciting most exciting 11. loudly more loudly most loudly 12. popular more popular most popular 13. relaxing more relaxing most relaxing 14. slowly more slowly most slowly 3. 双写规则原级 比较级 最高级 1. big bigger biggest 2. hot hotter hottest 3. thin thinner thinest四、词形转换1. 国家变为形容词或国人的转换Australia-Australian Africa-AfricanAmerica-American Asia-AsianCanada-CanadianChina- ChineseEngland- English/ EnglishmanEurope-EuropeanFrance- French/ FrenchmanIndia- IndianItaly- ItalianJapan- JaneseMexico- MexicanRussia- Russian(复数变化规则：中日不变，英法变，其余加s )2. 动词转换成其他词性act- actor- actress- actionagree agreement nbuild -building- buildings(复数)begin beginningbreak-broken(过去分词为形容词)believe- believablebehave-behaviourcook cooker- cook（名词）care-careful - carefully - careless cross-across(介词)- crossing(名词)close - open-closed(形容词)关着的,close(副词) 靠近地clear v. 指烟雾消散 adj. - (副词)clearly colour n. v. 给上色 (形容词)colourful celebrate-celebrationcrowd n. 人群v. 聚集adj.crowdedcorrect v. 改正adj.correctly adv.cheer-cheerfulcreate -creator - creativecollectcollection-collecttingavoid - avoidableattract -attractionadvertise -advertisementdecorate - -decorationdie-dying- (形容词)dead- (名词)deathdecide -decisionadvise -advicedescribedescriptiondevelop-developmentdiscus-discussionenter- entrance-(反义词)exitenjoy -enjoyable -enjoymentencourageencouragementend-endingfly v. n. 苍蝇 -flightfeel-feelinggreet -greetinghope- -hopeful-hopelessinvite - invitation improve -improvementintroduce -introductioninterview -interviewerinvent -invention-inventorinstruct-instructionlisten -listener lose-lostmovemovement-moving活动的,令人感动的marry -married adj.meanmeaningmemorize-memory operate -operation organize-organizationprint-printerprotect-protectionpollute-pollutionrain rainning- rainyrevise-revisionrecord v.n.-recorderreport-reporterreview -reviewerswim - swimming sleep-sleepy- asleepsucceed- success(名词) successful-successfullyspell-spellingsnow -snowyspeak -speech-speaker suggest suggestiontaste- tasteful(高雅的) tastety（美味的）translate-translation/translatortrain-training-trainer treat -treatmentthink -thinker/thoughttransport -transportationworry -worriedwake-awakewed -wedding write -writerwarn-warning- warnerwonder n. 奇观 v. 想知道wonderful-wonderfully.use-useful-(动词)reuse-reusable(1)动词名词 表示人-er:beginner,builder, buyer, cleaner, dancer, driver, farmer, keeper, killer, listening, owner, player, printer, runner, swimmer, speaker, seller, teacher, traveller, winner, worker, writer-or: actor, creator, inventor, operator,sailor, visitor(2)动词过去分词为形容词：break-broken, close-closed, lose-lost , marry- married, worry- worried(3)动词现在分词和过去分词为形容词：excite-exciting-excitedinterest-interesting-intestedsurprise-surprisingsurpriedtire-tiringtiredbore -boringboredrelax-relaxingrelaxedmove movingmoved3. 名词转换成形容词beauty-beautifulcolour-colourfuldifference -differentdanger-dangerousenergy - energeticfriend-friendlyunfriendly-friendshipfunfunnyhealth-healthy-unhealthy-healthilyimportance-importantluck - lucky luckily-unluckyhistory - historic/historicaltradition-traditional-traditionally person - -personal-(名词) personality个性nationnationalinternational nature natural physics-physicalweek weekly gold -golden wood-wooden month -monthly salt salty有关天气的词：cloud-cloudy, rain rainy, sunsunny, snow snowy, windwindy, storm - stormy有关方位的词: easteastern, west western, south southern, northnorthern名词转换成名词art-artist, music-musician, science-scientist, tour-tourist, piano-pianist, library - librarian4、形容词转换成名词happy -happiness-(副词)happily-(反义词)unhappy foreign - foreigner busybusiness, freefreedom, ill illness, safe-safety-(副词)safelysad sadnesssadly strange stranger true - truth (副词)trulykind kindness5. 否定前缀dis-:dislike, disagree,dishonest, disappear, disadvantage