新世纪大学英语(第二版)B2U7.ppt

Unit7Adversity GetStarted ListenandRespond OptionalClassroomActivities EnhanceYourLanguageAwareness ReadandExplore 1 Haveyoueverexperiencedanyintensedifficulties hardshipsormajorobstaclesinyourlife Open 2 Howdoyouusuallydealwithadversity 3 Doyouthinkadversitycanmakeyougrowbetterandstronger Open Getstarted discussion Sitingroupsofthreesorfoursanddiscussthefollowingbrainstormingquestions Studythefollowingquotesonsuccess Whichquotedoyoulikebest Why Getstarted quotes Smoothseasdonotmakeskillfulsailors Africanproverb Interpretation Sailingonroughseas sailorsareconstantlyfacedwithallkindsofhostileconditions Intheirstruggleagainstadversities theycanacquiresurvivalskillsintime Similarly thedifficultiesoflifeshouldmakeusbetter notbitter Intheprocessofdealingwithproblemsanddifficulties wecanbecomemoreexperiencedinlife Therefore insteadofpanickingorcomplaininginthefaceofadversity weshouldseeitasachallengeaswellasachancetoimproveourabilities Getstarted quotes Whenitisdarkenough youcanseethestars RalphWaldoEmerson ClickPicture Interpretation Thisquotetellsusnottolosehopeinthefaceofadversity Asweallknow wecannotseewellwhennightfalls butagainstthedarkbackgroundwefindtheshiningstarsinthesky So atatimewhenwethinkweareatourworst wecanalwaysdiscoversomethingthatpromiseshope suchasfriendship loveandcarefromthepeoplewhowon tdesertusnomatterwhathashappened Getstarted quotes Adversityisthefirstpathtotruth LordByron ClickPicture Interpretation Throughadversitywecanapproachtruth Whenwearegoingthroughdifficulttimes weareabletoseethingsandpeoplefromanangledifferentfromwhenwearesuccessful Hencewetendtoseethingsmoresoberlyandobjectivelyintimesofadversity Getstarted quotes Ifwehadnowinter thespringwouldnotbesopleasant ifwedidnotsometimestasteofadversity prosperitywouldnotbesowelcome AnneBradstreet ClickPicture Interpretation Welovespringandresentwinter weloveprosperityandhateadversity Butjustaswhitewouldhavenomeaningifthereisnoblackasacontrast wewouldn tbeabletoappreciatethewarmspringsunwithouthavingenduredthecoldofwinter Getstarted quotes Watchthefollowingvideoclip MagicJohnson anddothetasksthatfollow Getstarted w d Getstarted w d 1 Answerthequestions 1 WhatisthebiggestchallengeinMagicJohnson slife Clickhere 2 WhataguydoesMagicJohnsoncallhimself HeisanAIDSpatient Hecallshimself acompetitor and apositiveguy Getstarted w d 2 Discusshowpeopleshouldmeetchallengessuchassomeseriousdiseases holdapositiveattitudefollowthedoctor sinstructionsfocusonimportantmattersinlife beann 豆adversityn C U fmlbadfortune trouble 正式 逆境 不幸 厄运 患难softenvt causetobecomesoft er gentle lessstiff orlesssevere使变软 使变轻柔 使变温和hardenvt makesth firmorstiff使变硬 使坚固 使硬化 L R wordbank Pleaseturntopage197 Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachofthefollowingsentencesaccordingtotheinformationcontainedinthelisteningpassage L R T1 1 Themainideaofthispassageis howtoboilsomecarrots eggsandcoffeebeansinwaterthatweshouldmakebetteruseofcarrots eggsandcoffeebeansthatdaughtersshouldlearnhowtocookhowtodealwithadversityinlife L R T1 D 2 Thedaughtercomplainedtoherfatherbecause shedidnotknowhowtocookshehadahardlifeandwantedtogiveupshefoundithardtoboilcarrots eggsandcoffeebeansinwatershecouldn tbearthebittertasteofthecoffee L R T1 B 3 Afterbeingboiledintheboilingwater thecoffeebeans becamesoftenedbecamehardenedmadethewatertastebittermadethewatertastebetter L R T1 D 4 Thefatherhopedthathisdaughterwouldbelike inthefaceofadversity acarrotaneggacoffeebeanhimself L R T1 B Listentotherecordingcarefullyandfillineachoftheblanksaccordingtowhatyouhaveheard L R T2 Adaughtercomplainedtoherfatheraboutherlifeandhowthingsweresoforher Shewantedto 2 Thecarrots eggsandcoffeebeansreactedtotheboilingwaterdifferently Thecarrotswentinstrongandhard butcameout Theeggshadbeenweak Butafterbeingboiledtheirinsidebecame Howeverthecoffeebeanshadmadethewateraftertheywereboiledintheboilingwater hard giveup softenedandweak hardened tastebetter L R T2 3 Whenadversityonyourdoor howdoyoureact Areyouacarrot anegg oracoffeebean Ifyouarelikethecoffeebean whenthingsareattheir yougetbetterandaroundyou knocks worst makethingsbetter L R T2 Exercise1 AnswerthefollowingquestionswiththeinformationcontainedinTextA WhatdidtheresearchersdiscoverinthebookCradlesofEminence WhatcanwelearnaboutAnnaEleanorRoosevelt Whatismeantbythe AdversityPrinciple Accordingtothistextisitnecessarilytruethatatoughchildhoodmeansproblemsorfailuresoverone sentirelifetime Whatshouldwedowhenwefaceadversity R E TAmainideas Exercise2 TextAcanbedividedintothreeparts Givethemainideaofeachpartinonesentence Difficultiesandobstaclesinone schildhoodmaynotnecessarilymeanproblemsorfailuresoverone sentirelifetime Theauthorcitessomeexamplesofsuccessfulpeoplewhoovercamevariousdifficultiesandobstaclesandfullydevelopedtheirpotential Theauthorcallsonreaderstoadoptapositiveattitudetowardhardshipandtakeactiontodeveloptheirtruepotential R E TAmainideas Itissaidthatchildhoodobstaclesandhardshipsrestrainone sgrowthanddevelopment Butwiththeexamplesofmanyeminentpeople theauthormakesitclearthatadversityisthecradleofsuccess R E TAin depth DidYouHaveaToughChildhood JillAmmon Wexler1Manyclaimunhappyandterriblechildhoodexperiences damage peopleintheiradultyears Butisthisnecessarilytrue Actually justtheoppositeseemstobetrue Intensedifficulties hardshipsandmajorobstaclesareactuallyoftenmajorcontributorstosuccess It struethatdifficultchildhoodsdoleavesomepeoplewoundedanddisadvantaged Butforothers atoughchildhoodactuallydrivesthemtoremarkableachievementandsuccess R E TAin depth 2InaclassicbookentitledCradlesofEminence researchersreviewedthechildhoodfamilylifeof700oftheworld smostsuccessfulpeople Theirgoalwastoidentifytheearlyexperiencesthatcontributedtotheremarkableachievementsofthesesuccessfulpeople Alloftheir researchsubjects arewidelyknownfortheirpersonalaccomplishments Theirnamesareeasilyrecognizable FranklinD Roosevelt HelenKeller WinstonChurchill AlbertEinstein SigmundFreud etc R E TAin depth 3Whattheydiscoveredistrulyfascinating Three quartersofthesesuccessfulpeople 525ofthe700 camefromdeeplytroubledchildhoods Theyhadenduredextremepoverty brokenhomes andevenparentalabuse Overone fourth 199ofthe700 hadtodealwithveryseriousphysicalhandicapssuchasdeafness blindnessorcrippledlimbs Andover80 ofthosewhobecamesuccessfulwritersandplaywrightshadwatchedtheirownparentsstrugglewithintensepsychologicaldramas R E TAin depth 4AnnaEleanorRoosevelt aformerUS FirstLady providesanexcellentexample Annalostherparentsattheageof10 andhadaveryunpleasantchildhood Asayounggirlshewaspainfullyawareofbeingveryhomely Andherchildhoodwritingsrevealsheneverhadasenseof belonging anywhere ortoanyone Butasshematured AnnaEleanorRooseveltrefusedtoremain disadvantaged Shehauledherselfupbyherownbootstrapsandbegantostriveforahigher morepowerfulconsciousness R E TAin depth 5AftermarryingFranklinD Roosevelt sheendedupcourageouslynursingherhusbandthroughcripplingpolio ThenwhenhewaselectedtotheUSPresidencyinthedepthoftheGreatDepression Mrs RooseveltquicklytransformedthepositionofFirstLady AsFirstLady shebecameanoutspokensupporterforthedisadvantagedpeopleofallraces religionsandcountries Atthesametime shehelpedherhusbandmanagetheWhiteHouseandraisedsixchildren R E TAin depth 6Afterherhusband sdeath shespenttheremainderofherlifeasahighlyrespectedAmericanspokespersontotheUnitedNations Atherdeath thisshy disadvantaged homelyandwithdrawnyoungwomanhadbecomeoneofthemostlovedandrespectedwomenofherentiregeneration 7Whydidthishappen EleanorRooseveltmadeapersonalchoicetoliftherselfbeyondherperceived limitations Shedisplayedatough unyieldingcourage temperedbyremarkableself controlandself discipline R E TAin depth 8ObstaclesandhardshipsdoNOThavetoleadtofailure Scientificevidencehasproventhat well being isNOTalwaysanadvantageforeitherplantsoranimals Wherethereisnochallenge obstacleorhardship growthanddevelopmentisoftenlimited Biologistsrefertothisasthe adversityprinciple R E TAin depth 9ConsiderLouGehrig Louwassuchaclumsykidthattheboysinhisneighborhoodwouldn tlethimplayontheirbaseballteam Buthetappedintohisresourcesofinnercourageanddetermination LouGehrigistodaylistedinthebaseball HallofFame asoneofthegreatestballplayersofalltime R E TAin depth 10ThentherewasWoodrowWilson whocouldn treaduntilhewastenyearsold Wilsonwentoninhislifetobecomethetwenty eighthPresidentoftheUnitedStates ThomasEdisonwasdeaf BookerT Washingtonwasborninslavery anda clubfoot crippledLordByron ThefamouswriterRobertLouisStevensonhadtuberculosis AlexanderPopehadahunchback Yeteachoftheseindividualsbecamefamoushistoricfiguresinspiteoftheirhandicaps R E TAin depth 11HelenKeller whocouldnothearorsee transformedanentirenationwhenshegraduatedwithhonorsfromcollege Sheisstillasourceofinspirationformillions Thenthere sLudwigvanBeethoven Beethovenbegantolosehishearinginhis20s andwascompletelydeafby50 Yethecreatedsomeoftheworld smostbeautifulmusic Beethovenwasonceoverheardshoutingatthetopofhisvoice Iwilllife R E TAin depth take bythethroat 12Yourattitudetowardanyperceivedpersonal handicap determinesitsimpactonyourlife ThisISyourlife Whynotmakeitallitcanbe Tobecomeallwecanbe weMUSTstopmakingexcuses UseanypersonaladversityorperceivedlimitationstodowhatBeethovendid Grablifebythethroat Andthisisagooddaytotakeactiontoclaimmoreofyourtruepotential Getpastyour old myfriend and Ifnotnow when R E TAin depth fireyourselfup stuff Workinthreesorfoursandhaveagroupdiscussiononhowadversitymightcontributetoachievementandsuccess R E TAvoicing Adversitymightcontributetosuccessinthefollowingways Onceapersonhasexperiencedbothsuccessandadversity heorshewouldnotfeelhopelessinadversityoroverjoyedwithsuccess andwouldalwaysbepreparedtoovercomedifficultiesandobstaclesonthewaytosuccess Adversitybuildscharacterandfostersresilienceandpatience Ifonetreatsadversityaschallengeandsucceedsinovercomingone sdifficulties heorshewillbetemperedandwillgrowstrongerandmaturerincharacter Meanwhile heorshewillhaveasenseoffulfilment R E TBwords R E TBexpressions 1 Resilienceisanemotionalmusclethatcangrowwithuseandpractice orbecomeweakifignored Para 1 Englishisthesameasanyotherskillthatcangrowwithregularuseandpractice orbecomeweakifignored 1 Pleaseparaphrasethissentence Thenatureofresilienceislikethatofahumanmuscle themoreyouexerciseit thestrongeritwillbe Leaveitasideanditwillbecomeweakandloseitsfunction 英语也是一种技能 经常使用 经常练习 那么英语能力就会提高 反之 如果完全忽视它 英语能力自然就会下降 2 TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglishbyimitatingtheaboveEnglishsentencefromthetext R E TBdsentences 2 Itmakesthemmorehardyinthefaceofadversityandbetterabletodrawontheircognitiveabilitiesinsituationsthatthrowothersoffbalance Para 4 Theweektheyspentinthevillagemadethembetterawareoftherealityinthecountrysideandmoreeagerforgovernments policiestoimprovefarmers incomesothatthechildrenwillnotbestarvingfortheirparents company 住在村里的这一周使他们更加清楚农村的现状 同时他们也更加渴望政府制定政策 改善农民收入使农村孩子不再缺少父母的陪伴 PleasetranslatethefollowingChinesebyusingthepatternintheabovesentence sth makessb 形容词比较级and 形容词比较级 R E TBdsentences 3 Itis infact morealearningprocessthananinheritedgift Para 5 Resiliencerequiresbeingmorestrategicandlessimpulsive Para 18 Bydefinition whenyouarelessreactive youbecomemoreresilient Para 19 1 Comparativeintheabovesentencesemphasizescontrastofideas PleasetranslatetheabovesentencesintoChinese 事实上 韧性的培养更像一个学习过程 而不是先天禀赋 Para 5 要培养韧性 需要多些策略 少些冲动 Para 18 从定义上来说 没有过激的反应时 你就变得更有韧性 Para 19 R E TBdsentences 3 Itis infact morealearningprocessthananinheritedgift Para 5 Resiliencerequiresbeingmorestrategicandlessimpulsive Para 18 Bydefinition whenyouarelessreactive youbecomemoreresilient Para 19 Success inmyeyes ismorerelatedwithhardworkthanwithluck Toliveinharmonywithyourroommates youneedtobemoretolerantandlessselfish Infact whenyouarelessself centered youbecomemorelikable 2 Makeupsomesentencesbyyourself imitatingthesamplesentencesfromthetext R E TBdsentences Paras 1 2 Whatdoesresiliencehaveincommonwithamuscle Whydoweallneedtogrowthisemotionalmuscleofresilience R E TBcquestions Paras 3 5 IsresilienceaninborntraitaccordingtoEllenMcGrath Whatroledoespersonalityplayinthedevelopmentofresilience Whathelpspromoteresilience R E TBcquestions Paras 6 7 Whatistheadviceofferedinthetwoparagraphs R E TBcquestions Whatdifferencedoyouthinkitwillmakewhenyoustopthinkingofyourselfasavictim Paras 8 11 Whatistheadviceofferedhere Whatisa comfortzone Howdoesourcomfortzoneinfluenceourlives Whataresomeofthethingswecandotogobeyondourcomfortzone R E TBcquestions Paras 12 15 Whydoweneedtochooseahero WhatdoyouknowaboutChristopherReeve R E TBcquestions WhatdoyouknowaboutLanceArmstrong Paras 16 17 Whydoweneedtopushourselvesphysicallywhendevelopingresilience R E TBcquestions Paras 18 19 Whatdoespatiencehavetodowithresilience Howshouldwereactwhensomeoneisrudetous R E TBcquestions Activity1 SurfontheInternetforstoriesofstarsofresilience e g JoanofArc ChristopherReeve LanceArmstrong etc Sharethestoryyoulikemostwithyourclassmates Optionalcactivities Activity2 DoyouknowwhatyourAdversityQuotient AQ is Findoutaboutitbyansweringthefollowing yes or no questions Scoreyour yes and no responsesandcountupthenumberof yes responsesyou vemarked Consultyourteacherfortheimplicationsoftheresult Optionalcactivities Optionalcactivities majorcontributorstosuccess 造就成功的主要因素 It struethat 的确 atoughchildhood 不幸的童年 drivesb toremarkableachievementandsuccess 促使某人取得异乎寻常的成就 extremepoverty 极端的贫困 seriousphysicalhandicaps 严重的生理残障 asenseof belonging 归属感 inthedepthoftheGreatDepression 在大萧条最严重时 Enhance expressionsTA anoutspokensupporterfor 的公开支持者 displayatough unyieldingcourage 显示了坚强不屈的勇气 Obstaclesandhardshipsdonothavetoleadtofailure 障碍和困难未必会导致失败 graduatewithhonorsfromcollege 以优异成绩从大学毕业 getpastone s oldstuff 忘记 旧事 fireoneselfup 让自己振奋起来 Enhance expressionsTA growwithuseandpractice 经常使用和练习就变得更好 inthefaceofadversity 面对逆境 aninheritedgift 先天禀赋 gobeyondone scomfortzone 走出舒适圈 Thereisnoendto 数不胜数 converteverydaystressesintoopportunitiesforgrowth 把日常生活中的压力转化为成长的动力 developcopingstrategies 培养应对策略 Enhance expressionsTB Grammartask1 Studythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunitandreflectonthesubject verbagreement andthendothetaskthatfollows Enhance grammar 1 Alloftheir researchsubjects arewidelyknownfortheirpersonalaccomplishments Para 2 TextA 2 Whattheydiscoveredistrulyfascinating Para 3 TextA 3 Wherethereisnochallenge obstacleorhardship growthanddevelopmentisoftenlimited Para 8 TextA 4 Everyonecangrowthisemotionalmuscle Everyoneneedsto Para 2 TextB 5 Themediaofferplentyofpossibilities ChristopherReeve LanceArmstrong evenHillaryClinton Para 14 TextB 6 Ifsomeoneisrudetoyou don timmediatelyrespondinkindordisplaycontempt Para 19 TextB Enhance grammar 主谓一致一 基本语法规则谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语一致 例如 Heworksinthisfactory c f Theyworkinthisfactory Thereislittletimeleft c f Therearemanyguestshere Unemploymentaswellastaxesinfluencesvotes c f Taxesaswellasunemploymentinfluencevotes Enhance grammar 主谓一致二 单数主语以下形式作主语时 谓语动词用单数1 不定式短语 动词 ing形式及名词从句 例如 Togettherebeforeeightisimpossible Readingmakesawiseman Whatweneednowismoretime 2 事件 国名 机构名称 书名等 例如 TheUnitedNationswasestablishedin1945 PrideandPrejudicehasbecomeaclassic 3 以下不定代词和限定词作主语或修饰主语时 every each everyone everybody one either neither manya 例如 Everystudentisgivenahandbook Iseitherofthebooksavailableinyourstore Manyastudentwishesformorefreedominselectingcourses Enhance grammar 主谓一致三 复数主语以下不定代词作主语时 谓语动词用复数 both few many several 例如 Fewofmyfamilyunderstandme Severalofthemanagersareabsentnow 四 带有量词的主语与动词的一致确定核心主语 该主语与动词保持一致 例如 Alotoftheequipmentisnew c f Alotofmyfriendsareheretonight Morethanonepersonisinvolvedinthecase c f Morethanonehundredpeoplewerekilledinthetyphoon Enhance grammar 主谓一致五 并列主语1 由and或both and连接两个主语时 动词一般用复数 除非并列主语作为整体考虑 或在意义上指同一个人或事物 例如 BothJohnandAnnaremyfriends Ridingabicycleandplayingbasketballaremygreatestpleasure TheeditorandpublisherofthejournalisJohnSmith theeditor和publisher是同一个人 2 由or either or 或neither nor连接两个主语时 动词与最接近的一个主语一致 例如 Neitherthepricesnorqualityhaschanged c f Neitherthequalitynorthepriceshavechanged Enhance grammar 主谓一致六 集体名词作主语集体名词作主语时 动词的数取决于主语表示的意义 当主语表示不可分割的整体时 动词用单数 当主语强调集体中的每一个成员时 动词用复数 例如 Thefamilyisthebasicunitofthesociety c f Thefamilyaresittingaroundthedinnertable Enhance grammar NowdothetasksonPage218inyourtextbook Enhance grammar Grammartask2 Studythefollowingsentencesthatappearinthisunit payingspecialattentiontothepronoun antecedentagreement andthendothetaskinyourtextbook Enhance grammar 1 Andover80 ofthosewhobecamesuccessfulwritersandplaywrightshadwatchedtheirownparentsstrugglewithintensepsychologicaldramas Para 3 TextA 2 ButAnnaEleanorRooseveltrefusedtoremain disadvantaged Shehauledherselfupbyherownbootstrapsandbegantostriveforahigher morepowerfulconsciousness Para 4 TextA 3 Louwassuchaclumsykidthattheboysinhisneighborhoodwouldn tlethimplayontheirbaseballteam Para 9 TextA 4 Yourattitudetowardanyperceivedpersonal handicap determinesitsimpactonyourlife Para 12 TextA 5 Ifyouarehavingtroublewithachild rememberhowmuchyoulovehimorher Para 10 TextB Enhance grammar 代词一致一 基本语法规则代词必须与其所指代的名词或代词在人称 数 性上保持一致 例如 Georgeloveshisjob c f Thesewomenexpressedtheiropinionsdirectly 二 下列词作主语或修饰主语时 代词一般用单数every each one either neither anybody nobody everyone somebody noone nothing anything nothing等 例如 Everycitizenshouldexercisehis herrighttovote Enhance grammar 代词一致三 and连接两个单数名词时 代词用复数 例如 TomandSimonsatonthestepwiththeircoatson 四 or或nor连接两个单数名词时 代词用单数 连接两个复数名词时 代词用复数 连接的两个名词一个为单数 一个是复数 或一个阳性 一个阴性时 代词与邻近的名词一致 例如 DidAnnyorLucyloseherbag c f DidAnnyorTimlosehisbag 五 所指代的集体名词根据其具体意义确定代词的数 例如 Myfamilyislarge Itiscomposedofninemembers c f Myfamilyarealwayslovingandsupportive Theyneverfailme Enhance grammar NowdothetasksonPages218 219inyourtextbook Enhance grammar Writeashortessayentitled WhenFacingAdversity Thefollowingoutlinemaybeofsomehelp a Theadversitywemayencounterinlifeb Generalreactionsofpeopletoadversityc Yourownviewondealingwithadversity Enhance writing SampleWriting Throughoutourlifetimewemayencountermanyadversities unabletopayfortheeducation obstaclesinstudiesandevenphysicaldisabilities Whetherwearerichorpoor intelligentorslow adversityseemstheconstantcompanionofmanyofus Inthefaceofadve