专题复习---交际用语.doc

交际用语及文化知识复习提纲I几个常见的交际用语的使用及比较1 That is all right.没关系; 不客气（用于别人道歉或致谢时）That is right说得对 (相当于you are right.) -It will be too late when you know it. That is right. 行了/够啦！（对别人所做之事愤怒）That is right. Just go out and leave me to do the dishes as usual. All right: 不错 -How is the school going,Steve? -Oh, all right. I guess. 没事的Id better go and make sure she is all right. Everything will be all right好的，行(=ok) -Can you get my dress ready by Friday? - All right. Youll have it soon.2. with pleasure 十分乐意(用于别人求助时) Can you fix the radio for me? With pleasure非常乐意（用于邀请时) Will you come? -With pleasure, Madam. ( It is /That is ) a /my pleasure别客气 (用于别人道谢时) Thank you for your timely help. My pleasure3. Dont mention it. 不用客气(主要用于别人道谢时) - Thanks for the ride home. Dont mention it. Piece of cake. 没关系（少数情况下也可用来回答道歉）-I apologize for what I said. -Dont mention it. 4. No problem 没问题 (=By all means / Out of question答应别人) -Could you post the letter for me? -No problem. 没问题；不在话下” (表示有能力做某事) -Can you make a kite? -No problem. 没问题(用来表示安慰) -Ive left my money at home. -(Thats) no problem. I can lend you some. 不用谢/别客气 (主要用于美国英语中) -Thank you very much. -No problem.没关系/没什么” (主要用于美国英语中) - Im sorry to have kept you waiting. - No problem5. Forget it没关系/别在意（用来回答道歉) Im really sorry to have broken your vase. Forget it. Ive got many.别放在心上(表示某物/事不重要) How much do I owe you？ 我欠你多少钱？ -Forget it.算不了什么/不用谢了(用于回答感谢) -Im most grateful to you for your help. - Oh, Its nothing, Forget it.别提它了(表示不想重复刚才的话) What was that? I didnt hear. Forget it. Nothing 休想/不可能 Can you lend me 1000 dollars? -Forget it. No way. -If you are thinking of getting Tom to help, forget it. 别说了/省省吧(表示对别人所说的有点烦) Forget it. Its been set for weeks. 6. Dont you think? 你说呢?/你说是吗?(用来询问对方的看法) -It must be a very good book, dont you think?难道你不这样认为吗?(委婉的否定/反驳)-He married a beautiful girl. -Oh, really? But I think she is a little too short, dont you think?7. at your service 愿为您效劳！ Im at your service no matter what you ask me to do听候吩咐 Peter ? -At your service, Madame.8. excuse me劳驾 (打听情况/引人注意)- Excuse me, but will you please lend me a match?-Excuse me, sir, will you tell me the way to the post office? 对不起(客气地打断别人的话) -Excuse me, telegram has just arrived. 劳驾；对不起(经过别人面前时)He pushed his way through the crowd, saying Excuse me. 对不起(表示中途退席或暂时告退-Excuse me, just a moment. 对不起，请稍候-Excuse me, Ill be back in a minute. 用来对有失礼仪的行为表示抱歉。 打嗝时/喷嚏时说一声 Oh, excuse me. if youll excuse me 如果你们介意的话If youll excuse me, Ill go back to my office. 8. go ahead说吧/做吧/开始吧/请便（表示同意或允许）-May I start? -Yes, go ahead. -Will you do me a favour? -Go ahead. 说吧-Do you mind if I smoke? -No, go ahead不，你抽吧 继续吧（表示继续做某事）-Go ahead, were all listening. 继续讲吧， 我们都在听呢!-Dont interrupt me when I am explaining -All right, go ahead. 9 Hang on 别挂断（=hold on）-Hang on! Ill call him.等一下(用作电话以外的情况) -Were going, Mary. -Hang on a minute. Im not quite ready. 10. help yourself随便吃 (招呼客人吃东西)-Make yourself at home, and help yourself to anything you like. 请自便，自己拿吧(客气地允许别人做某事) -Can I use your dictionary? -Yes, help yourself. -Can I have a drink? -Help yourself. 11. after you! 你先请(用作进出门或进餐等场合) -After you, sir. -Thanks. 表示你用完后请让我. -After you with the newspaper, please. 你看完报后请让我看。12. Not at all不用谢；不客气(回答感谢) -Thanks for helping me. -Not at all. I enjoyed it. 没关系(回答道歉)-Im sorry to keep you waiting. -Not at all. Ive been here only a few minutes. 一点也不/不见意（回答Would you mind）-Do you mind my opening the window? -Not at all, go ahead.13. I bet. 我敢肯定；保证没错(有把握或信心) -I bet he (will) win. 我肯定会赢。You bet. 当然啦；那还用说(表示对方所提出的事实是显然的) -Can you do it? -You bet. 当然啦。 -I think he knows the secret. -You bet (he does). 14. Good luck祝你走运 Ill take an important exam. Good luck. Bad luck / Hard luck/ ill luck 运气真不好! 真倒霉(同情或安慰某人 -Bad luck! Better luck next time. Congratulations 祝贺你 Congratulations on your new job!15. 表赞同对方的话，同意对方的请求几个特殊表达 I cant agree more再同意不过了.Absolutely /Exactly/Definitely完全是如此；正是 -Can I talk to you for a minute? -Absolutely, come in. -Do you mean he is to blame -Exactly absolutely not 绝对不行；绝对不会（表示强烈的否定或拒绝）-Do you think I can trust him? -Absolutely not. Not exactly 不见得；不完全是-Do you mean to say hell refuse us? -Not exactly -S0 you missed the meeting. Not exactly. I got there five minutes earlier before it started. not really确实不行 - Do you think we can get to the station on time? -Not really unless we take a taxi. 不完全是 -Do you hate others smoking in the office? -Not really. -Do you enjoy the party last night? -Not really. by all means 当然可以/没问题 -May I borrow your bicycle? -By all means. by no means绝不 out of the question不可能/不行 16. 常用的几个省略表达： If so：如果是那样的话 If not：如果不那样的话 What if.如果出现某种情况怎么办 How come +.从句? 怎么会/为什么出现某种情况;If only.! 但愿；要是.就好了 So what.?那又能怎么样呢？ （表示不在乎，不服气的语气）II. 口语表达中常用的几个习语1. 课本中出现的一些习语及俗语as cool as a cucumber非常冷静 as busy as a bee非常忙碌 as hungry as a lioneat like a bird吃得少 as white as a sheet 苍白 sleep like a log睡得很熟have butterflies in ones stomach紧张 as plain as day一清二楚 ones cup of tea喜爱/合脾性的东西a piece of cake / as easy as a pie /childs play小菜一碟/易事一件 off the top of ones head 不假思索地;即兴地rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大大雨 The world is your oyster某人机会多多/前途无量 cost an arm and leg代价昂贵 play it safe求稳;不冒险ones flesh and blood某人的亲人；血肉之躯 kill the fatted calf设宴庆祝mend ones ways改邪归正 feet of clay 泥足、致命的弱点the salt of the earth高尚/诚实的人;社会中坚分子 a little bird told me别问，反正有人告诉我 the apple of ones eye 掌上明珠 a wet blanket 扫兴的人on top of the world高兴得很,兴奋到极点 be up in the air未定;悬而未决 Be all ears, 洗耳恭听 laugh off ones head笑破肚皮; 笑掉大牙2. Okay.Justchecking.好吧.我只是随口问问.3. Idonthaveskeletoninmycloset.我没有什么不可告人的秘密.4. we are in the same boat意思是处境相同 We both have no jobs; we are in the same boat5. It is like “kill two birds with one stone”正所谓”一石二鸟” 6. Stop pulling my legs 不要开玩笑了 | 别愚弄了 Are you kidding? 你在开玩笑吧7. call it a day 就此结束，到此结束 I think we should call it a day8. birds of feather.一丘之貉。 9. black sheep.败家子；害群之马；无用之辈。10. dark horse.黑马；竞争中出人意料的获胜者。11. give an ear to 听一听 The owner of the factory gave an ear to the complaints of the workers. 12. cats paw. 被人当爪牙利用的人；受人愚弄的人。13. dont count ones chickens before they are hatched.不要过早乐观, 不要过早打如意算盘。14. lead a dogs life.过者悲惨的生活。15. fly on the wheel. 狂妄自大的人； 盲目自大的人。16. pull dog, pull cat.激烈的比赛；加把劲。17. a bad apple 坏蛋; 惹麻烦，不诚实的人 18. at sixes and sevens， 乱七八糟 19. the last straw 忍无可忍Thats the last straw. Youre fired!最后一击/导火线The quarrel seems to have been the last straw to their marriagegrasp at a straw 抓救命稻草The criminal tried to grasp at a straw by feigning mental disorder. 20. a stones throw 一箭之遥, 不远的地方 He lives only a stones throw from here. 21. as clear as mud 不清晰，很混乱Your explanation is as clear as mud. 22. behind the scenes（behind the curtain） 幕后 He is the man behind the scenes. 23.between ourselves 秘密地说 Between ourselves, there are no secrets. 24.down and out 穷困潦倒，孤苦无助People should lend him a helpful hand；hes really down and out. 25.ups and downs 盛衰，浮沉Life is hardThere are a lot of ups and downs in ones life.26. ins and outs 错综复杂事物的因果After careful investigation, he got to know the ins and outs of the accident.27. You cant beat it. 这是第一流的，比不上的。When it comes to playing football, you cant beat Billy.28. waste ones breath 白费唇舌its no use talking to him, youll only waste your breath. 29. let sleeping dogs lie 莫惹是非Dont tell the teacher what you have done. Let sleeping dogs lie. 30. Its in Gods hands 听天由命Its in Gods hands and we have prepared for the worst. 31. in the dog house 窘迫，陷入困境The whole team was in the doghouse because they lost the game. 32.get ones goat 使人发怒或厌恶33. beat ones brains (out) 指做事困难，伤透了脑筋 I beat my brains (out) to get a job. 34. kind of / sort of / something of 有些，某种程度上(相当于一副词) I kind of sympathize with the officer killed in Beijing. I am sort of dissatisfied with your customer service.III. 回归课本之Idioms, Similes(明喻)，metaphors（暗喻）, euphemism(婉词) and allusions（典故）1.Going to work every day became a chore for him, and he could hardly wait to find a new and exciting job. (琐碎的杂事)2. black is white and white is black: 颠倒黑白 3 be a weed (杂草/小草)：指软弱、不勇敢 4. cast iron nerves(铸铁般的神经) = a very strong will坚强的意志 5. as sly(狡猾) as a fox 非常狡猾6.a mind like a computer=systematic thought非常系统的思想 7. as sharp as a spear(矛):很敏锐；很聪明 8. As a business person, you cant be a mouse(胆小). You have to be a tiger(胆大进取的) 9. feel blue: 伤心难过 feel down 心情糟糕10. I promised my mother that I would be as good as gold while she was out. (=be well behaved) 很乖11. I caught a cold and have been as sick as a dog all week. 病得很重12. My grandfather might be old but he is still as hard as nails.(=very tough)很强状/强硬13. One mans meat is another mans poison: 对某人有利对另外的人未必有利; 萝卜白菜各有所爱14. When her husband died, the womans friends were her rock.(=support)支持15. I need to get a drink. My mouth is as dry as a bone.(=very thirsty )很口渴16. His new plan looked very good on paper. （=in theory）理论上17. Since the chairmans death, the society(协会)was on its last legs. (濒临崩溃)18. Last year, my father set up a club for senior citizens. (老人)19. This school is for people who are physically challenged.(身体残疾的)20. He is the man who brought technology to the man in the street.（普通苏动人民）21. My father has lots of free time because he is between jobs at the moment. (失业的)22. The murderer would spend the rest of his life in the citys correctional facility.(监狱)23. be economical with the truth不老实，不全说实话 24. body count:现场死亡人数25. in his golden years =in his old age 26. downsizing=reducing employment裁员27. a confidential source = an informer告发者；告密者 28. pass away =die29. person of interest=suspect in a crime犯罪嫌疑人 30. pre-owned =second-hand二手的31. capital punishment=death penalty死刑 32. in the black 盈利、赚钱、顺差New production methods put the company in the black. in the red 负债,亏空,赤字Sales began to drop and the company was soon in the red.33. I learned to control the expenses. Actually some friends say I am a bit of Scrooge.(极其吝啬之人)34. When I went home for the holidays, I felt a bit like the prodigal son.（浪子回头；败家仔）35. The board member (董事会成员) was a sacred cow to the company.（圣牛, 神圣之物）36. Terry was over the moon because his favorite team had just won the match.( 无比幸福)37. By applying for a credit card we were opening Pandoras box.( 潘多拉盒子, 灾难/麻烦之源)38. After failing to get funding for his research, he is facing his Waterloo. (滑铁卢,(大成功后的)惨败)39. She has done a lot of charity work this year and is a real Mother Teresa. （无私为别人工作心善之人） a good Samaritan帮助困境中的人好心人40. Achilles heel阿基里斯之踵； 唯一致命的弱点 41. a Herculean task艰巨的工作41. catch-22：第22条军规，指令人左右为难的规定; 无法摆脱之困境 42. Mickey Mouse course很容易不被人重视的课程 43. Jack was burning the midnight oil last night. 开夜车,工作到深更半夜44. She said I looked in need of a square meal. 丰盛的一餐 45.shoes for full-figure men and women (=fat)46. as happy as Larry 非常开心 47. be at odds争执、不一致 48. be at a loss茫然不知所措 49. Friendly fire was given as the cause of the young soldiers death（被自己人误伤） 50. That man is a Judas-he sold his best friends secrets. 犹大（叛徒）IV. 英语谚语名言精选 A bad workman always blames his tools.不会撑船怪河弯。A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush.一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。A great talker is a great liar.说大话者多谎言。A leopard cannot change its spots.积习难改。A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解，自欺欺人。All good things come to an end.天下没有不散的筵席。All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。All that ends well is well.结果好，就一切都好。All that glitters is not gold.闪光的不一定都是金子。All things are difficult before they are easy.凡事总是由难而易。All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。A man can do no more than he can.凡事都应量力而行。A man cannot spin and reel at the same time.一心不能二用。A man is known by his friends.什么人交什么朋友。A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds.光说空话不做事，犹如花园光长刺。An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，不用请医生。An old dog cannot learn new tricks.老狗学不出新把戏。An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.预防为主，治疗为辅。As a man sows, so he shall reap.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。A single flower does not make a spring.一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。A sound mind in a sound body.健全的精神寓于健康的身体。A still tongue makes a wise head.寡言者智。A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.身正不怕影子斜。A young idler, an old beggar.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。Bad news has wings.好事不出门，坏事传千里。Beauty lies in the loves eyes.情人眼里出西施。Better late than never. 迟做比不做好；亡羊补牢，为时未晚Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚，人以群分。Cannot see the wood for the trees.一叶障目，不见泰山。因小失大；以偏概全Care and diligence bring luck.谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。Caution is the parent of safety.小心驶得万年船。Children are what the mothers are.耳濡目染，身教言传。Choose an author as you choose a friend.择书如择友。Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功的第一步。Constant dripping wears away a stone.水滴石穿，绳锯木断。Content is better than riches.知足者常乐。Count ones chickens before they are hatched.蛋未孵先数雏。Creep before you walk.循序渐进。Custom is a second nature.习惯是后天养成的。Custom makes all things easy.有个好习惯，事事皆不难。Diamond cuts diamond.强中自有强中手。Dont claim to know what you dont know.不要不懂装懂。Dont have too many irons in the fire.不要揽事过多。Dont make a mountain out of a molehill.不要小题大做。Dont try to teach your grandmother to suck eggs.不要班门弄斧。Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起身体好。Eat to live, but not live to eat.人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。Envy has no holidays.忌妒之人无宁日。Every advantage has its disadvantage.有利必有弊。Every coin has two sides. 事物都有两面性；凡事有利弊Everybodys business is nobodys business.人人负责，等于没人负责。Every day is not Sunday.好景不常在。Every dog has his day.谁都有得意的时候。Every man has his faults.金无足赤，人无完人。Every man has his weak side.人人都有弱点。Every man is the architect of his own fortune.自己的命运自己掌握。Every minute counts.分秒必争。Fact speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。Fear always springs from ignorance.恐惧源于无知。Fields have eyes, and woods have ears.隔墙有耳。First come, first served.先来后到。First impressions are half the battle.初次见面，印象最深。Fools learn nothing from wise men, but wise men learn much from fools.愚者不学无术，智者不耻下问。Fortune favors those who use their judgment.机遇偏爱善断之人。Four eyes see more than two.集思广益。Friends are thieves of time.朋友是时间的窃贼。Friends must part.再好的朋友也有分手的时候。Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.天才不过是勤奋而已。Give a dog a bad name and hang him.众口铄金，积毁销骨。God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。Handsome is he who does handsomely.行为漂亮才算美。Happiness takes no account of time.欢乐不觉时光过。Happy is the man who learns from the misfortunes of others.吸取他人教训，自己才会走运。Heaven never helps the man who will not act.自己不动，叫天何用。He is a good friend that speaks well of us behind our backs.背后说好话，才是真朋友。He is lifeless that is faultless.只有死人才不犯错误。He is not laughed at that laughs at himself first.自嘲者不会让人见笑。He is wise that is honest.诚实者最明智。He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。He who does not advance loses ground.逆水行舟，不进则退。He who makes constant complaint gets little compassion.经常诉苦，没人同情。He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.想不犯错误，就一事无成。History repeats itself.历史往往重演。Honesty is the best policy.做人诚信为本。Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。If you run after two hares, you will catch neither.脚踏两条船，必定落空。If you venture nothing, you will have nothing.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。Industry is the parent of success.勤奋是成功之母。It is hard to please all.众口难调。It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。It never rains but it pours.不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。Jack of all trades and master of none.门门精通，样样稀松。Justice has long arms.天网恢恢，疏而不漏。Kill two birds with one stone.一箭双雕。Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud.博学使人谦逊，无知使人骄傲。Learn to walk before you run.先学走，再学跑。Lies have short legs.谎言站不长。Life without a friend is death.没有朋友，虽生犹死。Lookers-on see more than players.当局者迷，旁观者清。Love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌。Make hay while the sun shines.良机勿失。Many hands make light work.众人拾柴火焰高。Many heads are better than one.三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。Misfortunes never come alone.祸不单行。Misfortune tests the sincerity of friends.患难见真情。Necessity is the mother of invention.需要是发明的动力。Never judge from appearances.不可以貌取人。Never say die.永不言败。Never too old to learn, never too late to turn.亡羊补牢，为时未晚。No garden without its weeds.没有不长草的园子。No man can do two things at once.一心不可二用。No man is born wise or learned.没有生而知之者。None are so blind as those who wont see.视而不见。None are so deaf as those who wont hear.充耳不闻。No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。No one can call back yesterday.昨日不会重现。No pains, no gains.没有付出就没有收获。No pleasure without pain.没有苦就没有乐。No rose without a thorn.没有不带刺的玫瑰。No sweet without sweat.先苦后甜。No smoke without fire.无风不起浪。Nothing is diffi