大学英语1-5单词.docx

第一单元单词rocker | n. rocking-chair 摇椅 | The old lady was reading a newspaper in her rocker.tick | vi. make light, regularly repeated sounds 发出滴答声vt. put a small mark against （names, figures, etc.) to show that sth. is correct 在.上打勾n. 滴答声；记号，勾形符号 | I could hear the clock on the wall ticking.rhythm | n. regular successions of weak and strong stresses, accents, sounds of movements （in speech, music, dancing, etc.) （说话、音乐、舞蹈等的）节奏，韵律in rhythm | 有节奏地 | The audience clapped in rhythm as we sang.cricket | n. 蟋蟀；板球（运动） | About 1,000 kinds of crickets have been discovered by scientists.give sb. no peace | keep disturbing sb. 让某人不得安宁 | The baby kept coughing all night, giving her mother no peace.churn | v. beat and shake （cream) in a tub; make （butter) in this way 搅拌（乳脂）；搅拌乳脂制（黄油） | Cream may be churned into butter.sob | vi. draw in breath sharply and irregularly from sorrow or pain, esp. while crying; make the sound like that of sobbing 呜咽，啜泣，抽噎；发呜咽声n.act or sound of sobbing 呜咽（声），啜泣（声） | I found her sobbing in the bedroom because shed broken her favorite doll.ambition | n. strong desire （to be or do sth.); object of such a desire 抱负，雄心，野心；目标，夙愿 | Her ambition was to become a cinema actress.expressive | a. （esp. of words or a face) full of feeling and meaning 富有表情的；富有意味的 | She had large expressive eyes.puss | n. （word used to call a) cat （叫唤猫时用语）猫咪 | Here, puss.boot | n. 靴；（BrE) （汽车后部的）行李箱 | My boots are too tight.illiterate | a. unable to read or write, with little or no education 目不识丁的；未受教育的 | For many illiterate people television is the one means of getting news.salary | n. payment for regular employment 薪金，薪水 | This position offers a weekly salary of $200.all the while | all the time 一直 | All the while she talked of Annies good spirits and cleverness.encyclopedia | n. book, or set of books, giving information about every branch of knowledge, or on one subject, with articles in alphabetical order 百科全书 | The best way to learn how to use an encyclopedia is simply to practice with it.unabridged | a. （of sth. written) given in full form, not shortened 未经删节的；完整的 | There is an unabridged dictionary on the library table.secondarily | ad. 次要地，从属地 | The trading patterns of the European Union countries are primarily with one another; secondarily with other industrial market economy countries.secondary | a. coming after, less important than, what is first or chief; （of school, etc.) following elementary school 次要的，从属的；（学校等）中等的sink into | indulge in, be absorbed into 沉溺于 | As months went by, he sank into a deep depression.hedonist | n. believer in the idea that pleasure is the chief good 享乐主义者 | The hedonist seeks only pleasure and self-gratification.elope | v. （of a woman) run away from home or a husband （with a lover) （指女子）私奔 | Alan and Lucy eloped against Lucys parents wishes last week.stay on | remain after the usual or expected time for leaving 久留不去，逗留 | Its so lovely here; lets stay on for a bit.beloved | a. dearly loved 所钟爱的，受爱戴的 | Sir Henry Wyatt （1460-1537) is said by historians to have been the most beloved man in England. moral | a. concerning principles of right and wrong; good and virtuous 道德（上）的；有道德的n.that which a story, event or experience teaches; standards of behavior, principles of right and wrong 寓意；道德（规范），品行 | Our moral sense controls erlocutor | n. person taking part in a discussion or dialogue 参与讨论者，对话者 | The role of the interlocutor is very important in the flow of conversation.25 discourse | n. conversation; speech, lecture; treatise 谈话；演说；论文 | The priest delivered a long discourse on the evils of untruthfulness.allot | vt. make a distribution of 分配，拨出 | How much time has been allotted to this work?respectively | ad. separately or in turn, and in the order mentioned 各自地，各个地，分别地 | Bob, Dick and Tom are 6, 8, and 10 years old, respectively.respective | a. of or for or belonging to each of those in question 各自的，各个的，分别的engrave | vt. cut or carve （lines, words, designs, etc.) on a hard surface; impress deeply （on the memory or mind) 雕刻；使铭记，使牢记 | He had his name engraved on his watch.fleck | vt. mark with small spots or patches 使有斑点；饰以斑点n. 斑点 | The birds breast is flecked with red.30 garish | a. unpleasantly bright; over-colored or over-decorated 炫耀的；过于艳丽的；过分装饰的 | Her dress is garish in taste and color.illustration | n. pictures, diagrams, etc that are used to explain or reveal; using examples, data, quotes, etc to explain or show a point 插图，图解；例证说明 | Are there any illustrations on this page?unattached | a. unconnected分开的，不相连的 | Please enclose your signed cheque and payment slip unattached and unfolded.heedless | a. unmindful, careless; inattentive 漫不经心，粗心大意的；不注意的 | I was silly and heedless, ignoring the advice of people who were trying to help me.coverless | a. （of books, magazines, etc.) without a cover 无封面的 | He took the coverless book from her hand.35 shelve | vt. put on a shelf 将置于架上 | The books were shelved in alphabetical order.hearth | n. floor of a fireplace, the area near the fireplace 炉床，壁炉边 | Even in their handsome brick home they delighted to sit at the hearth in the evening.legend | n. old story handed down from the past, esp. one of doubtful truth; famous person 传说，传奇故事；传奇人物 | There are many legends about the exploits of Robin Hood.whack | n. （infml) portion, share 部分，一份 | Have you all had your whack?flank5 | vt. place at the side of or on either side of 将置于的一侧（或两侧）n.侧面；侧翼；胁 | Two stone lions flanked the entrance.40 backless | a. （of books, magazines, etc.) without the back cover 无书脊的，无封底的 | a worn and backless bookgo through fire and water | face great hardship and danger 赴汤蹈火，冒一切危险 | Id go through fire and water for my dear Mildred.not hold a candle to | not nearly so good as, not to be compared to 比不上，不能与.相比 | He cannot hold a candle to John when it comes to learning foreign languages.in gratitude to | be thankful to 对心存感激 | I am in gratitude to your kindness.initiate5 | vt. give （sb.) elementary instruction; set （sth.) working 使初步了解；发起，创始 | He decided to initiate us into the art of Chinese cookery.45 by way of | via, through通过 | We shall go to Wales by way of Shrewsbury.alphabet | n. the letters used in writing a language, arranged in order 字母表 | The Latin alphabet is a development from the Greek alphabet.inward | a. deep in mind or soul; situated within, inner 内心的；里面的，内部的 | His latest CD gives us a thoughtful and inward interpretation of the music.inwardly | ad. in mind or spirit 内心里，精神方面 | Read, mark ,learn and inwardly digest means read carefully in order to understand.cadence | n. rhythm in sound; the rise and fall of the voice in speaking 韵律；节奏；抑扬顿挫 | Poetry is easy to remember because of its rhythms and cadences.50 reside5 | vi. be present; live 居住 | Her charm resides in her happy smile.1 fame | n. the condition of being well-known and talked about 声誉，名誉 | Im glad to see that fame hasnt spoiled him and made him abandon his old friends.take charge of | take control of, become responsible for 控制，掌管 | Can you take charge of this class please, Miss Jones?emulate | vt. try to do as well as or better than 仿效，模仿；赶超 | The younger players emulated the teams star player.motivation | n. motive; incentive 动机；激励，动力 | The stronger the motivation, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.5 miniature | a. on a small scale 小型的，微型的n. small-scale copy or model of any object; very small painting 微小模型；微型画 | The child was playing on the floor with his collection of miniature farm animals.wedge | n. V-shaped piece of wood or metal, used to split wood or rock, to widen an opening, or to keep two things separate 楔子v. fix tightly with a wedge, keep in place with a wedge 将楔牢 | He put a wedge of wood under the door to keep it open.work up | rouse to a high point of excitement, etc., excite, stir up 使激动；激发，激起 | Dont get all worked up and then be disappointed.collection | n. group of objects that have been collected and that belong together; （instance of) collection 收藏品， 收集的东西；收集 | Janet has a very good collection of foreign coins.circulation | n. the movement of sth. such as money or news from place to place or from person to person 流通，传播，发行 | The circulation of rumors is common in war time.10 emphasis （emphases) | n. special force given to certain words, ideas or details, in speaking, writing, drawing, etc. to show that they are particularly important 强调，重点 | Quite clearly the emphasis was on spoken language.demonstrate | vt. show clearly; prove or make clear by reasoning or giving examples 显示，表露；论证；说明，演示 vi. take part in a public show of strong feeling or opinion, often with marching, big signs, etc. 举行游行示威 | Recent events demonstrate the need for a change in policy.check out | borrow （books) from a library; leave a hotel after settling the bill; investigate; test （从图书馆）借（书）；结帐退房；调查，检测 | The last guests checked out of their rooms in the morning.maximum | a. being the largest number, amount, etc. 最高的，最大的，顶点的n.the largest number, amount, etc. 最大限度，最大量，顶点 | The maximum speed on this road is sixty miles per hour.outrage | vt. offend greatly 激怒n. anger; extreme violence or cruelty, act that shocks public opinion 愤慨；暴行，骇人听闻的事件 | A proposed 5% pay cut has outraged staff at the warehouse.15 catch sb. in the middle of | come upon sb. when he/she is doing sth. 正好碰上某人在做（某事） | I caught Tom in the middle of stealing a car.cast （cast) v. turn or send in a particular direction; throw with force 投射；投，扔，掷n.投，扔，掷 | He cast a stone against the window.confer | vt. give （a gift, title, honor, favor, etc.) 授予，赋予vi. talk together, compare opinions 商谈，商议 | The school confers a medal on any student who is not absent a single day.homemade | a. made at home 家里做的，自制的 | We ate thick slices of homemade bread.afflict | vt. cause pain or suffering to 使痛苦，折磨 | She is greatly afflicted by the loss of her child.20 intensive | a. characterized by, relating to, intensity; deep and thorough 加强的，集中的，密集的；彻底的，深入细致的intensively ad. | Because the puma occasionally kills livestock, it has been intensively hunted.第二单元单词1 ideal | a. satisfying ones idea of what is perfect; most suitable 理想的，完美的 | In an ideal world no one would go hungry.veggie | n. (infml) = vegetarian or vegetablego veggie | 吃素 | This book is packed with useful information to help your family go veggie.food-borne | a. 食物引起的 | Food-borne illnesses are neither long-lasting nor life-threatening.refer to | mention or speak of (sb. / sth.) 提到，说到 | In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays.5 vegetarian | n. a person who, for moral, religious or health reasons, eats no meat 素食者；素食主义者 | Of the four million people who have become vegetarians in Britain, nearly two-thirds are women.unparalleled | a. so great, etc. that it has no equal 无比的；空前的 | They enjoyed success on a scale unparalleled by any previous pop group.burger | n. (infml) hamburger 汉堡包cuisine | n. (style of) cooking 烹饪(风味) | I can help you find what you need to know about Italian Cuisine.vegetarianism | n. 素食主义 | Vegetarianism is very popular among young people in Britain, especially among teenage girls.10 recommendation | n. action of recommending; advice 推荐；建议 | Most schools ask you to provide three letters of recommendation.uncover | vt. discover (sth.) previously secret or unknown 揭露；使被知道 | The investigation uncovered evidence of a large-scale illegal trade in wild birds.chronic 5 | a. (esp. of a disease) lasting for a long time; continually recurring (尤指疾病)慢性的，长期的；连续复发的 | Chronic diseases are among the most common and costly health problems.dietetic | a. 饮食(学)的 | Children who are overweight or underweight may benefit from expert dietetic advice.association | n. 协会；联盟；社团 | the British Medical Association15 degenerative | a. (of a medical condition) getting or likely to get worse 衰退的，退化的 | We should try to change the situation that led to degenerative disease.flatly | ad. in an outright, direct manner 断然，直截了当地 | He flatly denied that he saw what had happened.biological | a. 生物的 | The biological rhythm of a plant is affected by light and heat.boost | vt. increase the strength or value of (sth.) 增加；提高 | The theatre managed to boost its audiences by cutting ticket prices.nutritional | a. 营养的 | Chemical sweeteners have no nutritional value.20 drawback 5 | n. disadvantage or problem 不利条件；欠缺；障碍 | One of the drawbacks of living with someone is having to share a bathroom.devoid | a. empty (of); lacking (in) 空的;缺少的 devoid of | without (sth.); completely lacking in (sth.) 没有；毫无 | He seems to be devoid of any compassion whatsoever.fiber | n. 纤维 | When shopping, one must be familiar with the calorie and fiber content of all foods.cholesterol | n. 胆固醇 | Cholesterol can be both good and bad, so its important to learn what cholesterol is.trace | n. very small amount; mark, sign, etc. showing what has existed or happened 极微的量；踪迹；形迹 | Traces of drugs were found in his blood.25 hormone | n. 激素，荷尔蒙 | Growth hormones make livestock gain weight more quickly on less feed.steroid | n. 类化合物，类固醇 | Many individuals past and present have utilize steroids for athletic prestige.antibiotic | n. 抗菌素，抗生素 | Im taking antibiotics for a throat infection.notoriety | n. fame for being bad in some way 臭名昭著 | He gained notoriety for murdering eleven women in the north of England.E. coli | abbr. Escherichia coli 大肠杆菌 | The E. coli bacteria are eventually mixed into the meat.30 campylobacter | n. 弯曲菌 | Freezing reduces the number of Campylobacter bacteria present on raw meat.bacteria (sing bacterium) | n. 细菌 | Bacteria grow in a wide variety of conditions.inspection | n. 检验 inspect | vt. examine (sth.) closely 检验，检查 | She arrived to make a health and safety inspection of the building.agency | n. a business or organization providing a usu. specified service （行政或智能）机构 | the Central Intelligence Agencyinfect | vt. (of harmful bacteria, etc.) enter the body of (a person or an animal) and cause disease 传染 | The flu virus infected almost the entire class.35 salmonella | n. 沙门（氏）菌 | roulette | n. 轮盘赌 | There are two different types of Roulette wheels: the American Wheel and the European Wheel.unfortunately | ad. regrettably; unluckily 遗憾地；不幸地 | Unfortunately it rained all day.bow | vi. bend the head or body as a sign of respect 俯（首）或欠（身）致敬 bow to | submit to (sth.); accept or obey (sth.) 屈服，服从 | Eventually the government was forced to bow to public pressure and reform the tax.marketing | n. 营销 | a marketing strategy40 dairy | n. place where milk is kept and milk products are made 牛奶场；奶品场 | Many Americans, including some vegetarians, still consume large amounts of dairy products.document | n. paper that gives information, proof, or support of sth. 文件；公文；文献 | Mr. Clark provided a copy of confidential document to a newspaper reporter.retrieve 5 | vt. get (sth.) back 重新得到；取回 | Computers are used to store and retrieve information ake | n. the amount or number allowed to enter, or taken in; the process of taking a substance into a body or a machine 吃或吸收的量；吸入；纳入 | If our energy intake balances our energy expenditure, our weight remains stable.lifestyle | n. the way in which an individual or a group lives 生活方式 | He doesnt have a very healthy lifestyle.45 environmentally | ad. 在环境方面 | Many countries have raising taxes on environmentally destructive products and activities.package | vt. make (sth.) into or put (sth.) in a bag, box, etc. 把打包；把装箱；包装 | These organic olives are packaged in recycled glass containers.graze 5 | v. use (land) to feed cattle, etc. 用（地）养牛 | The farmer grazes cattle on this land in the summer months.wetland | n. damp area of land 湿地 | If you visit a wetland and look closely, you will discover some fascinating creatures.grassland | n. land covered with grass, esp. as used for grazing 草原；草地；（尤指）草场 | Did you know that grasslands are found on every continent except Antarctica?50 decimate | vt. (infml) reduce (sth.) considerably 相当程度地减少 | Populations of endangered animals have been decimated.heighten 5 | v. (cause sth. to) become higher or more intense （使）提高，加强 | This will enhance your enjoyment.topsoil | n. 表土（层）；土壤耕种层 | Roots hold the moisture-absorbing fertile topsoil in place during flooding.fertilizer | n. 肥料 | For centuries, fish have been recognized as an excellent fertilizer source.pesticide | n. 杀虫剂；农药 | Our children are in danger from pesticides.55 irrigation 5 | n. 灌溉 | Drip irrigation can be a great aid to the efficient use of water.dam | vt. build a dam across (a river, etc.) 建水坝子（河等） | To dam a river is build a wall across the river.inefficient | a. (of a machine, process, etc.) not producing adequate results; wasteful 无效率的；不经济的 | Existing methods of production are expensive and inefficient.edible 5 | a. fit or suitable to be eaten 可食用的 | Only the leaves of the plant are edible.flesh | n. 肉；食用肉 | Vegetarians dont eat animal flesh.60 get out | produce or publish 生产；出版 | The first model of the car has some bad faults, but theyve got a better one out now.manure | n