高中英语必修三学案Unit 1 Period Two Learning about Language学案人教版必修3.DOC

Period TwoLearning about Language情态动词()1can与could它们的否定式为can not/cannot，could not，简略式为cant，couldnt。主要用法如下：(1)表示能力或可能性。(2)表示许可。(3)can与be able to表示能力时，can常指现在，较be able to更常用。如果只表示能力，两者可互换，仅表过去的能力用could，但表过去的能力或特定行为时，用was/were able to；若指将来的能力则只能用shall/will be able to。be able to还可用于完成时态，而can不能。When he was young，he could sing very well.(表能力)他年轻时，歌唱得很好。Man can not live without air.(表可能性)没有空气，人不可能生存。You can sit here.(表许可)你可以坐在这儿。After finishing his courses，he will be able to speak French well.(表能力，用于将来时)修完这些课程后，他将能讲流利的法语。He could/was able to take care of himself when he was ten.(表过去的一般能力)他10岁就能照顾自己了。注意在肯定句中，表示特定的某一过去能力要用was/were able to，而不用could；was/were able to含有“经过努力做到”的意思，但在否定句中，could不受这一限制。He was able to swim halfway before he collapsed.他游到中途就支持不住了。2may与might其否定式为may not，might not，简略式为maynt，mightnt。主要用法如下：(1)表示许可时，用于第一人称，指我(们)被允许做某事；用于其他人称，则指说话者允许主语做某事。(2)在用于请求许可时，may可与can/could换用。(3)表示可能性时，可用may/might动词原形指现在或将来可能发生的动作或情况。You may open your eyes now.(表许可)你现在可以睁开眼睛了。Might I go with you？(表请求，语气比may更委婉)我可以和你一起去吗？The story may not be true.(表可能性)这个故事可能不是真的。3will与would(1)表示请求、建议等，用于第二人称，would比will委婉客气。(2)表示意志、愿望和决心。(3)will表示习惯性动作、规律或某种倾向，通常用于第三人称；would表示过去的习惯性动作、规律或某种倾向。(4)用will be和willhave done的结构表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称。前者表示对目前情况的推测，后者表示对在将来完成的动作或情况的推测。Will you please go with me?和我一块去好吗？(表请求)I will never do that again.我不会再做那件事。(表决心)My grandpa will talk for hours if you give him the chance.如果你给我爷爷机会，他会讲上好几个小时。(表规律或倾向)We would play football on Sundays.星期天我们总是踢足球。(表过去习惯性动作)He would be at home.他可能在家。(表推测)4must，cant和mustntmust可以表示对现在、过去或将来的猜测，其否定形式不是mustnt，而是cant。cant表示“不能”，是指无能力；mustnt表示“不能”，指的是“禁止，不允许”。在口语里，cant也可表示“禁止，不允许”，但语气不如mustnt强。5shall与should(1)shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话者征求对方的意见或向对方请示。(2)shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示对对方的命令、警告、威胁或允诺。(3)should表示劝告、建议、命令，同ought to。在疑问句中常用should代替ought to。(4)should have done表示过去应该做而实际没有做；should not have done表示过去不该做而实际做了。Shall she come right now?她马上要来吗？(表征求对方意见)You shall do as your father says.你要照你父亲说的去做。(表命令)We should learn how to use computers.我们应该学会如何使用电脑。(表命令)You should not have waited for me.你本来不必等我。(本来不该做而做了).用情态动词的适当形式填空1We can not thank you too much for all your help given to us.2The teacher said that we could not leave early.3There must have been something wrong with the engine of his car.It suddenly stopped working halfway.4Its really strange that they should have left without saying goodbye to us.5You should arrive at the airport two hours before he goes.6Its nearly five oclock.The taxi should be here soon.7Wang Feng wins an award every year.He must be very strong.8These problems shall be solved as soon as possible no matter how busy you are.Thats my order.9After they mastered some skills，they would communicate with each other about them.10No matter how hard we push the donkey，it will not move.Its really stubborn.词语填空gain,celebration,origin,custom,take place,religious,energetic,agriculture,independence,admire,belief,starve,ancestor,arrival,award1A fatal accident took_place at this crossing three years ago.2I would rather starve than beg.3I love the Chinese new year celebration.4She is very religious and goes to church three times a week.5Do you know the origin of Easter?6People who share an ancestor are called relatives.7The story of his miseries is beyond my belief.8The secretary informed me of his arrival.9He has gained rich experience in these years.10You should learn to be independent of your parents.11Modern agriculture is spoiling our beautiful countryside.12She has been awarded a scholarship to study at Harvard.13You have to admire the way he handled the situation.14His son is an energetic child.15Social customs vary greatly from country to country.介词填空1One of the actors was unwell and couldnt go on with the performance.2Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say.3You should listen to the teacher if you want to learn.4She thought of her childhood when she saw the movie.5What do you think of my singing?6Have you thought about what job you are going to do?7The men all turned to look at her as she entered the room.8Could you help me look for my wallet?9Dont worry.Ill look after the kids tomorrow.10Children must depend on their parents.11I tried calling him，but hed already left for work.12The baby reached for the apple but he couldnt get it.翻译句子1You cannot praise him too much.你怎么表扬他都不过分。2You cannot be too careful when crossing the street.过马路时越小心越好。3I can never thank him enough.我对他感激不尽。4Will you speak up a bit?请你说大声一点，好吗？5Could you drive a little faster?请你开快一点好不好？6He cant be more careless.他太粗心了。7She couldnt help but realize that something was wrong.她不禁察觉到出了毛病。8We shall not fail.我们绝不会失败。9You shall pay for it.你一定会受到惩罚的。10You shall not play a joke on him.你不要开他的玩笑。.单项填空1Must he come to sign this paper himself?Yes，he _.Aneed Bmust Cmay Dwill答案B解析句意为：他必须亲自来签这个文件吗？是的，他必须亲自签。回答以must提问的问句时，肯定答复用must，否定用neednt或dont have to。2You know he is not going to let us leave early if we _ get the work done.Acant Bmay not Cshouldnt Dmustnt答案A 解析句意为：你知道如果我们不能够把工作做完，他不会让我们提前离开的。cant表示“不能”。3Hes strangehe _ sit for hours without saying anything.Ashall Bwill Ccan Dmust答案B解析句意为：他很怪，能坐几个小时一句话也不说。will用于表示习惯和特性，尤其是不受时限必然发生的情况。4You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers _ not like the design of the furniture.Amust Bshall Cmay Dneed答案C解析might just as well表示“还是为好”，说明喜欢的可能性不大，故用may not。句意为：你最好还是告诉制造商，男性顾客可能不喜欢家具的设计。5If it were not for the fact that she _ sing，I would invite her to the party.Acouldnt Bshouldnt Ccant Dmight not答案C解析句意为：要不是她不会唱歌，我就邀请她参加聚会了。表示能力，用can。6The room is so dirty._ we clean it?Of course.AWill BShall CWould DDo答案B解析shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中时，表示征求对方意见。7“The interest _ be divided into five parts，according to the agreement made by both sides”，declared the judge.Amay Bshould Cmust Dshall答案D解析shall表示按法律、规则应该干某事。8You _ her in her office last Friday；shes been out of town for two weeks.Aneednt have seen Bmust have seenCmight have seen Dcouldnt have seen答案D解析句意为：上星期五你不可能在她办公室见到她，她去外地已经两个星期了。couldnt have done表示“过去不可能做某事”。9He _ have completed his work；otherwise，he wouldnt be enjoying himself by seaside.Ashould Bmust Cwouldnt Dcant答案B解析根据后句判断，应该表示完成了工作，语气肯定且为肯定句。故用must have done。句意为：他一定完成了工作，否则的话，他不会在海边玩得那么愉快。10My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon，so he _ your lecture.Acouldnt have attended Bneednt have attendedCmustnt have attended Dshouldnt have attended答案A解析must表示推测时，不用于否定。neednt have done表示“本来没有必要”，shouldnt have done表示“本来不应该”，都与句意不符，故选couldnt have done(过去不可能)。11Isnt that Anns husband over there?No.It _ be himIm sure he doesnt wear glasses.Acant Bmust not Cwont Dmay not答案A解析由后面的Im sure可以看出，推测的语气较强，故用cant，表示“根本不可能；想必不会”。句意为：那边不是安的丈夫吗？不，不可能是他。我肯定他不戴眼镜。12Sir，you _ be sitting in this waiting room.It is for women and children only.Aoughtnt to Bcant Cwont Dneednt答案A解析选oughtnt to表示禁止，相当于mustnt。13Excuse me，but I want to use your computer to type a report.You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it.Ashant Bmight not Cneednt Dshouldnt答案A解析句意为：对不起，我想用一下你的电脑打一篇报告。如果你不爱护它的话，你不可以用我的电脑。shall表示意愿或决心。14With all this work on hand，he _ to the cinema last night.Amustnt Boughtnt to go Cwouldnt go Dshouldnt have gone答案D解析句意为：他手头有这么多工作，昨晚不该去看电影。shouldnt have done表示“过去本不该做某事”。15Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow._.AI dont BI wont CI cant DI havent答案B解析句意为：不要忘了明天来参加我的生日晚会。不会忘的。will表示决心。.阅读理解Earth Day is celebrated every year on April 22nd.Take some time to find out about how one man，who was determined to change the way we treated our planet，didnt stop until he had made a difference.In 1963，Senator Gaylord Nelson wasnt happy with the earths condition.He wanted to clean up the planet，solve pollution and environmental problems.A senator is someone US.citizens choose to help make laws，so Gaylord had a lot of power.He went to see John FKennedy，the President at the time，with his ideas.The President agreed that the planets environment was a serious issue，so President Kennedy went around the country on a fiveday tour to promote the idea of cleaning up the planet.People began making small changes but it wasnt enough.A few years later，Senator Nelson decided to put one day aside every year for the cause of saving the planet.On April 22,1970，the first Earth Day was celebrated.More than 20 million people took part in Earth Day activities in 1970.Since then，Earth Day has become an international holiday.People all over the world are doing something to make the Earth a cleaner，better place.A rock band named Dramarama wrote a song about Earth Day in 1993 called What Are We Gonna Do.Encouraging your family to recycle on a regular basis is a good way to help the Earth.1Who is Gaylord Nelson?AHe is a lawyer.BHe is the President of the US.A.CHe is a senator.DHe is a rock singer.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知Gaylord Nelson是一位参议员。2What did President Kennedy do to promote the idea of cleaning up the Earth?AHe named Gaylord Nelson senator.BHe went around the country on a fiveday tour.CHe cleaned his office every day.DHe decided to put one day aside for Earth Day.答案B解析细节理解题。由第二段第五句可知肯尼迪总统为了促进这种观点的推行而“went around the country on a fiveday tour”。3Which of the following is better for us to do to help the Earth?ATo work hard to be a senator.BTo take a fiveday tour around the world.CTo take part in Earth Day activities every year.DTo recycle on a regular basis.答案D解析细节理解题。文章最后一句表明帮助地球保持清洁最好的方法就是“recycle on a regular basis”。4Which of the following about Earth Day is NOT true according to the passage?AEarth Day is celebrated on April 22nd every year.BEarth Day has become an international holiday since 1970.CEarth Day is celebrated by 20 million people every year.DDramarama wrote What Are We Gonna Do about Earth Day in 1993.答案C解析是非判断题。文中只提到在1970年庆祝时有两千万人参加，而不是每年都是这些人。.阅读填空Weight loss is a hard topic. Lots of people arent satisfied with their present weight, but most people arent sure how to change it. You may want to look like the models or actors in magazines or on TV, but those goals might not be healthy or realistic(现实的) for you ._1_So what should you do about your weight control?_2_ The best way to find out if you are at a healthy weight or if you need to lose or gain weight is to talk to a doctor or dietitian(营养学家)_3_ If